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AP Language: Syntax Review Flashcards

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5255923519Simple- one subject, one verb-one independent clause.0
5255998268Simple Scheme Example- I went running.1
5256002474Compound- two independent clauses joined by a conjunction or semicolon.2
5256020051Compound- independent clause joined by one or more subordinate clauses.3
5256036299Compound Scheme Example- I burned dinner but not the cake.4
5256044557Compound-Complex- two or more independent clauses and one or more subordinate clause.5
5256054342Compund-Complex Scheme Example- Although Frodo is naughty sometimes, I love him, and he loves me.6
5256070169Loose/Cumulative- the main idea is stated at the start of the sentence and followed by extra information. - draws attention to the action.7
5256099092Loose/Cumulative Scheme Example- She quit work, the pressure had been too much to handle.8
5256106612Periodic- main idea is withheld until the end of the sentence. - creates tension & suspense by placing emphasis on the things leading up to the action.9
5256122368Periodic Scheme Example- After working 60 hour weeks and making numerous sacrifices, Mia finally paid off her student loans.10
5256165337Antithesis- placing two opposites next to each other in order to create emphasis. - involves balance.11
5256175258Antithesis Scheme Example- India is a poetic nation yet it demands new electrical plants.12
5256185392Declarative Sentence Pattern- a statement. - "I have work today."13
5256189220Interrogative Sentence Pattern- a question. - "How was your day?'14
5256221827Imperative Sentence Pattern- a command. - "Get our your homework now."15
5256229020Exclamatory Sentence Pattern- an exclamation. - "Dogs are the best!"16
5256246543Juxtaposition- un-associated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another. - creates a relationship where one would not usually see one, shows contrast. - involves balance.17
5256275355Juxtaposition Scheme Example- The apparition of these faces in the crowd / Petals on a white black bough.18
5256302694Parallelism- structural similarity between sentences or parts of a sentence. - creates a sense of equality among all actions. - each word has a grammatical "friend".19
5256318475Parallelism Scheme Example- I ate the pie, washed the dishes, and brushed my teeth.20
5256339547Repetition- words, sounds, & ideas used more than once. - enhances rhythm and creates emphasis.21
5256351528Repetition Scheme Example- "government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."22
5256373307Rhetorical Question- a question that expects no response. - used to show that the answer is so obvious it goes w/out saying.23
5256388858Rhetorical Question Scheme Example- "Do I really look that stupid to you?"24
5256393980Alliteration- repetition of constant sounds at the beginning or in the middle of two or more adjacent words. - often used to create tone.25
5256419903Alliteration Scheme Example- Bumble bees fight feverishly for their flowers.26
5256425468Asydenton- the deliberate omission of conjunctions in a series of related clauses. - often results in a rushed and passionate tone.27
5256441581Asydenton Scheme Example- "I came, I saw, I conquered." - Julius Caesar28
5256452701Polysyndenton- deliberate use of many conjunctions for special emphasis. - makes a list seem even longer.29
5256466472Polysydenton Scheme Example- I had so many things to do. I had to do a calc problem set and walk my dog and clean the bathroom and go food shopping.30
5256487086Zeugma- usage of a verb that has 2 different meanings with objects that compliment both meanings. - creates a sense of equality.31
5256508467Zeugma Scheme Example- Nick saved both the bug and the day.32
5256513717Parenthesis- interruption of the flow of a passage in order to provide necessary, on the spot information. - often creates a conversational tone.33
5256533335Parenthesis Scheme Example- Sports nights always attracted the wannabe jocks- who would expect any different?- who were overly eager to start on varsity.34
5256551168Appositive- two coordinating elements are set side by side, and the second explain or modifies the first.35
5256563781Appositive Scheme Example- Marie Curie, a world-renowned scientist, would be amazed by all of the recent discoveries in chemistry.36
5256601675Climax- the repetition of words, phrases, or clauses in order of increasing number or importance. - draws attention to the last item in the list.37
5256611425Climax Scheme Examples- Their quest was for gold, glory, and God.38
5256616643Inversion- invert basic sentence pattern for emphasis. - draws attention on the inverted phrase & leads to a more formal tone. - think Yoda.39
5256625801Inversion Scheme Example- He could never forgive this. This he could never forgive.40

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