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AP Language: Syntax Review Flashcards

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5874651032Simple- one subject, one verb-one independent clause.0
5874651033Simple Scheme Example- I went running.1
5874651034Compound- two independent clauses joined by a conjunction or semicolon.2
5874651035Compound- independent clause joined by one or more subordinate clauses.3
5874651036Compound Scheme Example- I burned dinner but not the cake.4
5874651037Compound-Complex- two or more independent clauses and one or more subordinate clause.5
5874651038Compund-Complex Scheme Example- Although Frodo is naughty sometimes, I love him, and he loves me.6
5874651039Loose/Cumulative- the main idea is stated at the start of the sentence and followed by extra information. - draws attention to the action.7
5874651040Loose/Cumulative Scheme Example- She quit work, the pressure had been too much to handle.8
5874651041Periodic- main idea is withheld until the end of the sentence. - creates tension & suspense by placing emphasis on the things leading up to the action.9
5874651042Periodic Scheme Example- After working 60 hour weeks and making numerous sacrifices, Mia finally paid off her student loans.10
5874651043Antithesis- placing two opposites next to each other in order to create emphasis. - involves balance.11
5874651044Antithesis Scheme Example- India is a poetic nation yet it demands new electrical plants.12
5874651045Declarative Sentence Pattern- a statement. - "I have work today."13
5874651046Interrogative Sentence Pattern- a question. - "How was your day?'14
5874651047Imperative Sentence Pattern- a command. - "Get our your homework now."15
5874651048Exclamatory Sentence Pattern- an exclamation. - "Dogs are the best!"16
5874651049Juxtaposition- un-associated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another. - creates a relationship where one would not usually see one, shows contrast. - involves balance.17
5874651050Juxtaposition Scheme Example- The apparition of these faces in the crowd / Petals on a white black bough.18
5874651051Parallelism- structural similarity between sentences or parts of a sentence. - creates a sense of equality among all actions. - each word has a grammatical "friend".19
5874651052Parallelism Scheme Example- I ate the pie, washed the dishes, and brushed my teeth.20
5874651053Repetition- words, sounds, & ideas used more than once. - enhances rhythm and creates emphasis.21
5874651054Repetition Scheme Example- "government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."22
5874651055Rhetorical Question- a question that expects no response. - used to show that the answer is so obvious it goes w/out saying.23
5874651056Rhetorical Question Scheme Example- "Do I really look that stupid to you?"24
5874651057Alliteration- repetition of constant sounds at the beginning or in the middle of two or more adjacent words. - often used to create tone.25
5874651058Alliteration Scheme Example- Bumble bees fight feverishly for their flowers.26
5874651059Asydenton- the deliberate omission of conjunctions in a series of related clauses. - often results in a rushed and passionate tone.27
5874651060Asydenton Scheme Example- "I came, I saw, I conquered." - Julius Caesar28
5874651061Polysyndenton- deliberate use of many conjunctions for special emphasis. - makes a list seem even longer.29
5874651062Polysydenton Scheme Example- I had so many things to do. I had to do a calc problem set and walk my dog and clean the bathroom and go food shopping.30
5874651063Zeugma- usage of a verb that has 2 different meanings with objects that compliment both meanings. - creates a sense of equality.31
5874651064Zeugma Scheme Example- Nick saved both the bug and the day.32
5874651065Parenthesis- interruption of the flow of a passage in order to provide necessary, on the spot information. - often creates a conversational tone.33
5874651066Parenthesis Scheme Example- Sports nights always attracted the wannabe jocks- who would expect any different?- who were overly eager to start on varsity.34
5874651067Appositive- two coordinating elements are set side by side, and the second explain or modifies the first.35
5874651068Appositive Scheme Example- Marie Curie, a world-renowned scientist, would be amazed by all of the recent discoveries in chemistry.36
5874651069Climax- the repetition of words, phrases, or clauses in order of increasing number or importance. - draws attention to the last item in the list.37
5874651070Climax Scheme Examples- Their quest was for gold, glory, and God.38
5874651071Inversion- invert basic sentence pattern for emphasis. - draws attention on the inverted phrase & leads to a more formal tone. - think Yoda.39
5874651072Inversion Scheme Example- He could never forgive this. This he could never forgive.40

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