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AP LANGUAGE TERM LIST Flashcards

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7183901843ALLITERATIONThe repetition of the same consonant or vowel sound at the beginning of several closely placed words. The sound can also be included within the words as well as at the beginning.0
7183903872ALLITERATIONThe moan of doves in immemorial elms, And murmuring of innumerable bees.1
7183904197ALLUSIONA brief reference to a historical or literary figure, event, or object.2
7183905757ALLUSIONNo! I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to be;3
7183906658ANAPHORAThe repetition of a word or several words at the beginning of several consecutive phrases or clauses.4
7183907586ANAPHORAWe few, we happy few, we band of brothers.5
7183908315ANTITHESISThe contrasting of opposite ideas in a phrase or clause, usually in parallel structure.6
7183909082ANTITHESISGive every man they ear, but few thy voice.7
7183909592ASSONANCEThe use of the same or similar vowel sounds in the stressed syllables of several closely placed words that end with different consonant sounds.8
7183910267ASSONANCEHear the mellow wedding bells.9
7183911137CONNOTATIONAny meaning a word conveys, emotional or social, that is in addition to its official meaning. The additional meaning may be personal, limited to a group, or universal. (Don't confuse this with slang, when a word takes on an entirely new meaning in informal speaking).10
7183912568CONNOTATIONHe was a zealous promoter of the cause. He was a fanatical promoter of the cause. Zealous thought of as positive. Fanatical thought of as negative. (giggle, chuckle, chortle, guffaw).11
7183916044DICTIONThe author's choice and use of words in a text. This is roughly analogous to word choice.12
7183916784DENOTATIONThe formal or official meaning of a word, separate from any other associations or acquired meanings.13
7183917412EPISTROPHEThe repetition of a word or several words at the end of several consecutive phrases or clauses.14
7183919858EPISTROPHE"... and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."15
7183920522ETHOSA rhetorical strategy in which the speaker or writer relies on his or her experience, expertise, or character to persuade or influence the audience.16
7183921646FIGURATIVE LANGUAGEThe use of language in a non-literal, non-normative way. Figurative language includes things such as metaphors, smilies, hyperboles, and synecdoche, among others.17
7183923156HYPERBOLEAn exaggeration to amuse, or to reinforce or intensify an idea or image.18
7183923650HYPERBOLEYou should study this list of terms at least a million times to make sure you know each one well.19
7183927093IMAGEA description of an experience, object, or person using sensory details, usually more than one. Images are sometimes called concrete details. They are the building blocks of poetry.20
7183927794IMAGEWho are these coming to the sacrifice? To what green altar, O mysterious priest, Lead'st thou that heifer lowing at the skies, And all her silken flanks with garlands drest.21
7183931021ISOCOLONA form of parallel structure in which each grammatically parallel part of a phrase or clause also the same length.22
7183937218ISOCOLONWith malice toward none, with charity for all23
7183939807IRONYWhen reality is different from what it appears to be or what is anticipated.24
7183940231VERBAL IRONYMuch like sarcasm, when what is said differs from what is actually meant, but usually not as harsh or abrasive.25
7183940915SITUATIONAL IRONYWhen an event occurs which is opposite from or opposed to what was expected.26
7183941911DRAMATIC IRONYWhen the reader or viewer of a text or performance knows something that the characters themselves do not.27
7183942193JUXTAPOSITIONThe placement of two ideas or things next to each other to create a contrast between them. Antithesis is a subset of juxtaposition, limited to contrasting opposites.28
7183943270LOGOSA rhetorical strategy in which the speaker or writer relies on the clear presentation of logic, facts, reasoning, etc. to persuade or influence the audience.29
7183945612LITOTESAn understatement to amuse, or to reinforce or intensify an idea or image.30
7183945982LITOTESIt takes at least a day or two to become an excellent writer.31
7183947820METONYMYA type of metaphor in which something closely related to a second thing is substituted for the second thing.32
7183948248METONYMY"The Pentagon released a statement today about national security." A building cannot release a statement; the Pentagon is a building closely associated with the leaders of the armed forces and stands in their place to represent them.33
7183949603METAPHORComparing things without like or as34
7183950935ONOMATOPOEIAWords that sound the same as the things they mean. "Buzz, snap, hiss, sizzle."35
7183951484PATHOSThe speaker or writer relies on the use of emotion to persuade or influence the audience.36
7183952112PERSONIFICATIONGiving human attributes to inhuman things.37
7183952512POLYPTOTONThe repetition of a different form of the same word in a phrase or clause.38
7183953118POLYPTOTONThe Greeks are strong, and skillful to their strength, fierce to their skill, and to their fierceness valiant.39
7183954253RHETORICThe effective and skillful use of language to accomplish a purpose, often a persuasive one.40
7183954747SIMILIEComparing things using like, than, or as41
7183955735SYMBOLSomething that is itself but can also represent and stand from something else.42
7183956120SYNECDOCHEA type of metaphor in which a part of the whole is substituted for the whole itself.43
7183956789SYNECDOCHEHe's got a nice set of wheels. The speaker is referring to the car as a whole and not the wheels themselves.44
7183958252SYNTAXThe way an author arranges words and phrases to create sentences.45
7183958427THEMEThe author's message or commentary about life that applies to everyone based on the text. (Declarative). (Moral is imperative).46
7183959130TONEThe author's attitude towards his/her subject as expressed to the reader. Revealed through diction, syntax, imagery, and the information given throughout the exposition.47

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