Terms : Hide Images
| 7174997618 | Appositive | a word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun | 0 | |
| 7174997966 | Archaic Diction | the use of words common to an earlier time period; antiquated language | 1 | |
| 7174998758 | Argument | a statement put forth and supported by evidence | 2 | |
| 7174999607 | Assertion | An emphatic statement; declaration. An assertion supported by evidence becomes an argument | 3 | |
| 7175001678 | Assumption | a belief or statement taken for granted without proof | 4 | |
| 7175002251 | Attitude | the speaker's position on a subject as revealed through his or her tone | 5 | |
| 7175004230 | Audience | one's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed; the listener, viewer, or reader of a text (most texts have multiple audiences) | 6 | |
| 7175004999 | Authority | a reliable, respected source- someone with knowledge | 7 | |
| 7175005868 | bias | prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue | 8 | |
| 7175006777 | cite | identifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source | 9 | |
| 7175007308 | claim | an assertion, usually supported by evidence | 10 | |
| 7175007766 | close reading | a careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text | 11 | |
| 7175010338 | colloquial/ism | an informal or conversational use of language | 12 | |
| 7175010605 | common ground | shared beliefs, values, or positions | 13 | |
| 7175011390 | complex sentence | a sentence that includes one independent clause and at least one dependent clause | 14 | |
| 7175171205 | concession | a reluctant acknowledgement or yielding; an acknowledgement that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable | 15 | |
| 7175171749 | connotation | that which is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning (see denotation); meanings or associations that readers have with a word beyond its dictionary definition, or denotation. | 16 | |
| 7175173737 | context | words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning; circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, and events surrounding a text | 17 | |
| 7175174185 | counterargument | a challenge to a position; an opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward | 18 | |
| 7175174789 | declarative sentence | a sentence that makes a statement | 19 | |
| 7175176129 | deduction | reasoning from general to specific | 20 | |
| 7175178088 | denotation | the literal meaning of a word; its dictionary definition | 21 | |
| 7175178713 | diction | word choice | 22 | |
| 7175179840 | documentation | bibliographic information about the sources used in a piece of writing | 23 | |
| 7175180631 | ethos | a greek term referring to the character of a person; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see logos and pathos) | 24 | |
| 7175182484 | figurative language | the use of tropes or figures os speech; going beyond literal meaning to achieve literary effect | 25 | |
| 7175184279 | figure of speech | an expression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning | 26 | |
| 7175186968 | hyperbole | exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis | 27 | |
| 7175188511 | imagery | vivid use of language that evokes a reader's sense (sight, smell, taste, touch, hearing) | 28 | |
| 7175189684 | imperative sentence | a sentence that requests or commands | 29 | |
| 7175190695 | induction | reasoning from specific to general | 30 | |
| 7175191316 | inversion | a sentence in which the verb precedes the subject | 31 | |
| 7175191842 | irony | a contradiction between what is said and what is meant; incongruity between action and result | 32 | |
| 7175192728 | juxtaposition | placement of two things side by side for emphasis | 33 | |
| 7175193503 | logos | a greek term that means "word"; an appeal to logic; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see ethos and pathos) | 34 | |
| 7175194815 | metaphor | a figure of speech or trope through which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else, thus making an implicit comparison | 35 | |
| 7175196312 | occasion | an aspect of context; the cause or reason for writing; the time and place a speech is given or a piece is written | 36 | |
| 7175196941 | oxymoron | a figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms | 37 | |
| 7175197561 | paradox | a statement that seems contradictory but is actually true | 38 | |
| 7175198130 | parallelism | the repetition of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns | 39 | |
| 7175199275 | parody | a piece that imitates and exaggerates the prominent features of another; used for comic effect or ridicule | 40 | |
| 7175200153 | pathos | a greek term that refers to suffering but has come to be associated with broader appeals to emotion; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see ethos and logos); emotion | 41 | |
| 7175201969 | persona | the speaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of a piece of writing; greek for "mask", the face or character that a speaker shows to his or her audience | 42 | |
| 7175206146 | personification | assigning lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects | 43 | |
| 7175206992 | premise | major, minor Two parts of syllogism. the concluding sentence of syllogism takes its predicate from the major premise and its subject from the minor premise. Major premise: All mammals are warm-blooded. Minor premise: All horses are mammals. Conclusion: All horses are warm-bloosed. (see syllogism) | 44 | |
| 7175210781 | propaganda | a negative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present information; the spread of ideas and information to further a cause; in its negative sense propaganda is the use of rumors, lies, disinformation, and scare tactics in order to damage or promote a cause | 45 | |
| 7175211537 | purpose | one's intention or objective in a speech of piece of writing; the goal the speaker wants to achieve | 46 | |
| 7175212115 | refute | to discredit an argument, particularly a counterargument | 47 | |
| 7175213895 | rhetoric | the study of an effective, persuasive language use; according to Aristotle, use of the "available means of persuasion"; the art of finding ways to persuade an audience | 48 | |
| 7175220934 | rhetorical modes | patterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose; modes include but are not limited to narration, description, comparison and contrast, cause and effect, definition, exemplification, classification and division, process analysis, and argumentation | 49 | |
| 7175225619 | rhetorical question | a question asked more to produce an effect than to summon an answer | 50 | |
| 7175228259 | satire | an ironic, sarcastic, or witty composition that claims to argue for something, but actually argues against it | 51 | |
| 7175230607 | scheme | a patterns of words or sentence contraction used for rhetorical effect | 52 | |
| 7175231085 | sentence patterns | the arrangement of independent and dependent clauses into known sentence constructions- such as simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex | 53 | |
| 7175233268 | sentence variety | using a variety of sentence patterns to create a desired effect | 54 | |
| 7175234379 | simile | a figure of speech that uses "like" or "as" to compare two things | 55 | |
| 7175235147 | simple sentence | a statement containing a subject and predicate; an independent clause | 56 | |
| 7175236423 | source | a book, article, person, or other resource consulted for information | 57 | |
| 7175237162 | speaker | a term used for the author, speaker or the person whose perspective (real or imagined) is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing | 58 | |
| 7175239435 | style | the distinctive quality of speech or writing created by the selection and arrangement of words and figures of speech | 59 | |
| 7175241958 | subject | in rhetoric, the topic addressed in a piece of writing | 60 | |
| 7175242795 | subordinate clause | created by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause | 61 | |
| 7175245066 | syllogism | a form of deductive reasoning in which the conclusion is supported by a major and minor premise (see premise; major, and minor) | 62 | |
| 7175246735 | syntax | sentence structure | 63 | |
| 7175247545 | synthesize | combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex | 64 | |
| 7175248213 | thesis | the central idea in a work to which all parts of the work refer | 65 | |
| 7175248857 | thesis statement | a statement of the central idea in a work; more be explicit or implicit | 66 | |
| 7175249992 | tone | the speaker's attitude toward the subject or audience | 67 | |
| 7175250318 | topic sentence | a sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis | 68 | |
| 7175251815 | understatement | lack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect | 69 | |
| 7175252741 | voice | in grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing | 70 | |
| 7298645510 | polemic | greek for "hostile", an aggressive argument that tries to establish the superiority of one opinion over all others | 71 | |
| 7298649129 | refutation | a denial of the validity of an opposing argument | 72 | |
| 7298651468 | rhetorical appeals | rhetorical techniques used to persuade an audience by emphasizing what they find most important or appealing (ethos, logos, pathos) | 73 | |
| 7298653778 | rhetorical triangle (Aristotelian triangle) | a diagram that illustrates the interrelationship among the speaker, audience, and subject in determining a text | 74 | |
| 7298654593 | SOAPS | a mnemonic device that stands for Subject, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, and Speaker (easy way to remember the various elements that make up the rhetorical situation) | 75 | |
| 7993714114 | alliteration | repetition of the same sound beginning several words or syllables in a sequence ex: Let us go forth to lead the land we love.. | 76 | |
| 7993719354 | allusion | brief reference to a person, event, or place (real or fictitious) or to a work of art ex: Let both sides united to head in all corners of the earth the common of Isaiah.. | 77 | |
| 7993724984 | anaphora | repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines ex: ..not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need- not as a call to battle, though embattled we are.. | 78 | |
| 7993730877 | antimetabole | repetition of words in reverse order ex: Ask not what your country can do for you- ask what you can do for your country | 79 | |
| 7993780507 | antithesis | opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction ex: we shall,,, support any friend, oppose any foe.. | 80 | |
| 7993789239 | archaic diction | old-fashioned or outdated choice of words ex: beliefs for which our forebears fought | 81 | |
| 7993796537 | asyndeton | omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words ex: We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty | 82 | |
| 7993811166 | cumulative sentence | sentence that completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence and then builds and adds on ex: But neither can two great and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our present course- both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war | 83 | |
| 7993846954 | hortative sentence | sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to actions ex:Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us | 84 | |
| 7993858252 | imperative sentence | sentence used to command or enjoin ex:My fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man | 85 | |
| 7993910871 | inversion | inverted order of words in a sentence (variation of the subject-verb-object order) ex:United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided there is little we can do.. | 86 | |
| 7993924206 | juxtaposition | placement of two things closely together to emphasize similarities or differences ex: We are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the word go forth... that the torch has been passed to a new generations of Americans-born in this century.. | 87 | |
| 7993943486 | metaphor | figure of speech that compares two things without using like or as ex: and if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion | 88 | |
| 7993960415 | oxymoron | paradoxical juxtaposition of words that seem to contradict one another ex: But this peaceful revolution.. | 89 | |
| 7993983246 | parallelism | similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses ex:Let both sides explore..Let both sides, for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals..Let both sides seek to invoke..Let both sides unite to head | 90 | |
| 7993997920 | periodic sentence | sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end ex: To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of support... | 91 | |
| 7994015926 | personification | attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object or an idea ex: with history the final judge of our deeds | 92 | |
| 7994026938 | rhetorical question | figure of speech in the form of a question posed for rhetorical effect rather than for the purpose of getting an answer ex: will you join in that historic effort? | 93 | |
| 7994039097 | synecdoche | figure of speech that uses a part to represent the whole ex: in your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course | 94 | |
| 7994063652 | zeugma | use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous, meanings ex:Now the trumpet summons us again- not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need- not as a call to battle, though embattled we are- but a call to bear the burden.. | 95 |
