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AP Language Terms Flashcards

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9942407446Active VoiceExpresses an action done by its subject0
9942407447AllegoryThe device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning1
9942407448AlliterationThe repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words2
9942407449AllusionA direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art3
9942407450AmbiguityThe multiple meaning, either intention or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage4
9942407451AmplificationRepeats a word or expression for emphasis5
9942407452AnagramA word or phrase formed from another word or phrase by changing the order of the letters6
9942407453AnalogyA similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them7
9942407454AnaphoraRepetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines8
9942407455AntecedentThe word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun9
9942407456AphorismA terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or moral principle10
9942407457ApostropheA figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction11
9942407458AssonanceRepetition of vowel sounds12
9942407459AtmosphereThe emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established party by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described13
9942407460CacophonyThe use of words with sharp, harsh, hissing, and unmelodious sounds14
9942407461CaesuraA natural pause or break in a line of poetry, usually near the middle of the line15
9942407462CharacterizationThe act of creating and developing a character16
9942407463ChiasmusA statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed17
9942407464ClauseA grammatical unit that contains both a subject and verb18
9942407465ColloquialThe use of slang or informalities in speech or writing19
9942407466Complex SentenceA sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause20
9942407467Compound SentenceA sentence with two or more coordinate independent clauses, often joined by one or more conjunctions21
9942407468ConceitA fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects22
9942407469ConflictA serious disagreement or argument, typically a protracted one.23
9942407470ConnotationThe non-literal, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning24
9942407471ConsonanceRepetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity25
9942407472DeductionA method of reasoning in which a conclusion follows necessarily from the stated premises26
9942407473DenotationThe strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color27
9942407474DictionRefers to the writer's word choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness28
9942407475DidacticWith the primary aim of teaching or instruction, especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles29
9942407476Emphatic OrderIdeas arranged in accordance with their importance30
9942407477EmulationEffort or desire to equal or surpass another31
9942407478EpithetAny word or phrase applied to a person or thing to describe an actual or attributed quality32
9942407479EuphemismA more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept, sometimes used to adhere to social standards33
9942407480EuphonyA succession of harmonious sounds34
9942407481Extender MetaphorA metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work35
9942407482Figurative LanguageWriting or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid36
9942407483Figure of SpeechA device used to produce figurative language37
9942407484FlashbackPresent action is temporarily interrupted so that past events can be described38
9942407485ForeshadowingThe use of hints and clues to suggest what will happen later in a plot39
9942407486GenreThe major category into which a literary work fits40
9942407487HomilySerious talk, lecture, or speech involving moral or spiritual advice41
9942407488HyperboleA figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement42
9942407489ImageryThe sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions43
9942407490ImperativeUrgent; required; necessary44
9942407491IndicativeShowing, signifying, or pointing out; expressive or suggestive45
9942407492InductionThe process that moves from a given series of specifics to a generalization46
9942407493Internal RhymeA word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line47
9942407494InversionInverted order of words in a sentence48
9942407496IronyThe contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant49
9942407497JuxtapositionPlacement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts50
9942407498MetaphorA figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting similarity51
9942407499MetonymyA figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it52
9942407500MoodThe speaker's attitude or the atmosphere created by a work53
9942407501MotifA recurring theme, subject or idea54
9942407502Narrative TechniqueThe "style" of the story, concentrate on the writer's order of events and details55
9942407503Negative CapabilityThe ability to accept ambiguity and paradox without having to resolve them56
9942407504NemesisSomething causing pain or harm; enemy57
9942407505OnomatopoeiaA figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words58
9942407506OxymoronA figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox59
9942407507ParadoxA statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity60
9942407508ParallelismThe grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity61
9942407509ParodyA work that closely imitates the style or context of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule62
9942407510Passive VoiceThe doer of the object is not the subject63
9942407511PedanticAn adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish64
9942407512Periodic SentenceA sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end65
9942407513PersonificationA figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions66
9942407514PlotSequence of events in a story67
9942407515Point of ViewThe perspective from which a story is told68
9942407516PolysyndetonThe use of more conjunctions than is necessary or natural69
9942407517PortmanteauA new word formed by joining two others and combining their meanings70
9942407518PredicateTells something about the subject71
9942407519ProseFiction or nonfiction works that are written in ordinary language72
9942407520RepetitionThe duplication of any element of language73
9942407521RhetoricGreek for "orator;" the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively74
9942407522Rhetorical ModesThe variety, conventions, and purposes of the major kinds of writing75
9942407523RhymeRepetition of sounds at the end of words76
9942407524Rhyme SchemeA regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem77
9942407525RhythmPattern of stressed and unstressed syllables78
9942407526SarcasmGreek for "to tear flesh;" bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something79
9942407527SatireA work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule80
9942407528SemanticsThe branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, heir historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another81
9942407529SettingThe context in time and place in which the action of a story occurs82
9942407530SimileA comparison using "like" or "as"83
9942407531Simple SentenceA sentence consisting of one independent clause and no dependent clause84
9942407532SpecificityExactness85
9942407533StanzaA group of lines in a poem86
9942407534StyleAn evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices87
9942407535Subject ComplementThe word or clause that follows a linking verb and complements, or completes, the subject of the sentence by either renaming it or describing it88
9942407536SubjunctiveA grammatical form of verbs implying hypothetical action of condition89
9942407537Subordinate ClauseDoes not express a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence90
9942407538SyllogismGreek for "reckoning together;" a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion91
9942407539SymbolAnything that represents something else92
9942407540SynecdocheA figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa93
9942407541SyntaxThe way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences94
9942407542ThemeThe central idea or message of a work; the insight it offers into life95
9942407543ThesisThe sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or proposition96
9942407544ToneThe author's attitude toward his or her material, the audience, or both97
9942407545TransitionA word or phrase that links different ideas98
9942407546UnderstatementThe ironic minimizing of fact; presenting something as less significant than it is99
9942407547VerseA single line of poetry100
9942407548VoiceA writer's distinctive use of language101

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