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AP Language Terms Flashcards

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7175033247AlliterationThe repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (as in "she sells sea shells"). The repetition can reinforce meaning, unify ideas, supply a musical sound, and/or echo the sense of the passage.0
7175039190AllusionA direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art. Allusions can be historical, literary, religious, topical, or mythical.1
7175046090AnalogyA similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. An analogy can explain something unfamiliar by associating it with or pointing out its similarity to something more familiar. Analogies can make writings more vivid, imaginative, or intellectually engaging.2
7175053241AntecedentThe word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.3
7175057861AntithesisThe opposition or contrast of ideas; the direct opposite.4
7175061315AphorismA terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. (If the authorship is unknown, the statement is generally considered to be a folk proverb). An aphorism can be a memorable summation of the author's point.5
7175066575ApostropheA figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. It is an address to someone or something that cannot answer. Many apostrophes imply a personification of the object addressed.6
7177521793Colloquial/ColloquialismThe use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. Not generally acceptable for formal writing, colloquialisms give a work a conversation.7
7177523862ConceitA fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. A conceit displays intellectual cleverness as a result of the unusual comparison being made.8
7177528046ConnotationThe non-literal associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning. Connotations may involve ideas, emotions and attitudes.9
7177546047DenotationThe strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude , or color.10
7177550387DictionRelated to style, diction refers to the writer's word choices , especially with the regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness.11
7177553036EuphemismFrom the Greek for "good speech," euphemisms are a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept. May be used to adhere to standards of social or political correctness to add humor or ironic understatement.12
7177557667Extended MetaphorA metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.13
7177559655Figurative LanguageWriting or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and its usually meant to be imaginative and vivid.14
7178093562GenreThe major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama. However, genre is a flexible term; within these broad boundaries exist many subdivisions that are often called genres themselves. Prose can be divided into fiction or nonfiction. Poetry can be divided into lyric, dramatic, narrative, epic, etc. Drama can be divided into tragedy, comedy, melodrama, farce, etc.15
7178100683HyperboleA figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement. (The literal Greek meaning is "overshoot.") Hyperboles often have a comic effect, but a serious effect is also possible. It also often produces irony.16
7178104825ImageryThe sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. On a physical level, imagery uses terms related to the five senses of visual, auditory, tactile, gustatory, and olfactory. On a broader and deeper level, however, one image can represent more than one thing.17

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