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14529375069AllegoryDef: a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one. Ex: "Faith is like a stony uphill climb: a single stumble might send you sprawling but belief and steadfastness will see you to the very top."0
14529382822AlliterationDef: Repetition of consonant sounds. Ex: "The Wicked Witch of the West went her own way."1
14529517976AllusionDef: An indirect or passing reference EX: "It's no wonder everyone refers to Mary as another Mother Teresa in the making; she loves to help and care after people everywhere, from the streets to her own friends."2
14529528419AmbuguityDef: A word phrase or statement that contains more than one statement EX: "That cake was unlike any cake I've ever tasted"3
14529576748AnalogyDef: Comparing two things for clarification Ex: Moon: Night:: Sun: Day4
14529585610AnaphoraDef: The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of a successive clause EX: "Every day, every night, in every way, I am getting better and better."5
14529593245AnecdoteDef: a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person Ex: "I once had a border collie. She was so smart. Every morning, I'd open up the front door and she'd run out, pick up the newspaper, and deliver it to my husband at the breakfast table."6
14529604456AntecedentDef: A noun that can be replaced by a pronoun Ex: Karen= She/her7
14529673691AntithesisDef: When two sentences contrast to reveal a deeper meaning Ex: "When Neil Armstrong walked on the moon it might have been one small step for a man but it was one giant leap for mankind."8
14545100054AphorismDef: A brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life. Ex: Upon seeing the shoddy work done by the employee, the boss told him that anything worth doing, is worth doing well.9
14545104750ApostrepheDef: a figure of speech in which someone (usually, but not always absent), some abstract quality, or a nonexistent personage is directly addressed as though present. Ex: "O, Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo?" (Romeo and Juliet)10
14545114806AsyndetonDef: omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words. Ex: "I have found the warm caves in the woods, filled them with skillets, carvings, shelves, closets, silks, innumerable goods" - Her Kind by Anne Sexton11
14545118728ChiasmusDef: A statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed Ex: "You can take the patriot out of the country but you cannot take the country out of the patriot."12
14545121738ColloquialismDef: informal words or expressions not usually acceptable in formal writing Ex: "Sodapop" "Coke" "Pop"13
14545131337ConnotationDef: an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning. Ex: "There's no place like home"14
14545135494DenotationDef: The dictionary definition or the common use of a word Ex: "They built the house"/"They built the home"15
14545141443DictionDef: A writer's or speaker's choice of words Ex: Writers that use 'therefore' or 'thy' are seen to have formal writing whereas authors that use 'and so' or 'they' are informal16
14545146170DidacticDef: intended to instruct the reader of basic or political morals Ex: John Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress"17
14545157114Ad PopulumDef: This fallacy occurs when evidence boils down to "everybody's doing it, so it must be a good thing to do." Ex: Bandwagon appeal18
14545159290Argument from OutrageDef: A rhetorical tactic when one tries to use loaded language and emotion to get people as angry as possible about an issue without giving a good reason to be angry. Ex: Political columns19
14545163116Ad MisericordiamDef: appealing to pity as an argument for special treatment Ex: "Ginger: Your dog just ran into our house and ransacked our kitchen! Mary: He would never do that, look at how adorable he is with those puppy eyes!"20
14545167152Ad BaculumDef: appeal to force, fear, power to prove an argument Ex: "If you don't think (blank) is true, I will punish you"21
14545174381EnumeratioDef: Figure of amplification in which a subject is divided into constituent parts or details, and may include a listing of causes, effects, problems, solutions, conditions, and consequences; the listing or detailing of the parts of something. Ex: Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream"22
14545181557EuphemismDef: Using a word that means the same thing as a much stronger word but is more innocent. Ex: Saying "devil's tango" or "making love" instead of "sex"23
14545199316Extended MetaphorDef: A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work. Ex: Melanie Martinez's "Tag, You're It" compares the children's game to a child being kidnapped.24
14545221638GenreDef: a major category or type of literature Ex: "Contemporary" "Indie" "Sci-Fi" "Fantasy"25
14545230894HomilyDef: a speech or sermon given by a religious figure in hopes of changing it's audience's morals Ex: The guy at the Harry Potter convention telling us we were witches and warlocks for reading the books26
14545240149HyperboleDef: Using over exaggerated language to emphasize a point or feeling Ex: "I'm so hungry I could eat a horse"27
14545245499HypophoraDef: raising a question then proceeding to answer it Ex: "Why would I burn the house down? There was a spider, that's why"28
14545275282ImageryDef: visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work. Ex: "The gushing brook stole its way down the lush green mountains, dotted with tiny flowers in a riot of colors and trees coming alive with gaily chirping birds."29
14545277927InvectiveDef: Writing that attacks a person or another idea in a violent way Ex: "I cannot but conclude the bulk of your natives to be the most pernicious race of little odious vermin that nature ever suffered to crawl upon the surface of the earth." (Gulliver's Travels)30
14545293454Verbal IronyDef:A figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant Ex: Responding to receiving bad news with "Well that sure is lovely"31
14545302192Situational IronyDef: An outcome that turns out to be very different from what was expected Ex: Thinking Romeo and Juliet would run away together when really they died together.32
14545307005Dramatic IronyDef: when a audience is aware of something that a character isn't Ex: When Scar sings about how he's going to take over the kingdom in the Lion King and Simba still trusts him.33
14545311950JuxtapositionDef: Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts Ex: Stranger Things 3 has a majority of the cast fighting or running for their lives but has a scene where Dustin and Suzy are joyfully singing amidst the terror.34
14545393522Hasty GeneralizationDef: (Logical Fallacy) A fallacy in which a faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate evidence. Ex: In 'To Kill a Mockingbird' Tom Robinson is put in jail with little evidence of the crime he committed because of the color of his skin35
14545411229Post HocDef: (Logical Fallacy) Blaming something that has no connection with the problem. Ex: Author 'Onision' always assumes criticisms thrown at his book are because the critic doesn't like him or because they have a different political view from the book's.36
14545436645LitotesDef: A form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite Ex: "She's not like other girls"37
14545445533MetaphorDef: A comparison without using like or as. Ex: "He's a snake!" He isn't actually a snake, he just has similar traits to those associated with a snake.38
14545458892Indicative MoodDef: used for statements of fact Ex: "Prosecutors have not said whether they will appeal the decision." (New York Times)39
14545480722Subjunctive MoodDef: used to express doubt or a conditional attitude Ex: "If I were in charge of Disney I'd stop making remakes of old movies"40
14545493947Imperative MoodDef: used for commands Ex: "Bring me the poison apple"41
14545502715NarrativeDef: The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events. Ex: 'The Raven' Edgar Allen Poe42
14545514765OnomatopoeiaDef: A word that imitates the sound it represents. Ex: 'Buzz' 'Grunt' 'Huff'43
14545518139OxymoronDef: A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase. Ex: "One man's trash is another man's treasure"44
14545536503ParadoxDef: A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth. Ex: "High walls make not a palace; full coffers make not a king."45
14545538595ParallelismDef: similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses Ex: "Mother was very busy gathering the laundry, dusting the furniture, and washing the dishes."46
14545565109ParodyDef: A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. Ex: "Monty Python and the Holy Grail"47
14545573061PedanticDef: Excessively concerned with book learning and formal rules. Ex: Myself48
14545603295PersonificationDef: A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes Ex: "I could feel the cameras staring at me"49
14545605813PolysyndetonDef: the use, for rhetorical effect, of more conjunctions than is necessary or natural. Ex: "Here and there and everywhere"50
14545610250First Person POVDef: the narrator is a character in the story Ex: 'The Hunger Games' (Collins), 'The Hate U Give' (Thomas), 'The Fault in our Stars' (Green)51
14545613627Third Person POVDef: The narrator tells the story using the pronouns, "He," "She," and "It" when referring to a person, place, thing, or idea. Ex: 'Harry Potter' (Rowling), 'The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy' (Adams), 'Game of Thrones' (Martin)52
14545634292Third Person Omniscient POVDef: the narrator knows all of the thoughts and feelings of all of the characters in a work Ex: 'The Fourth Closet' (Cawthon/Wrisley)53
14545639239Third Person Limited POVDef: the narrator only knows the thoughts and feelings of one character Ex: 'Harry Potter' (Rowling)54
14545648003ProseDef: written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure. Ex: 'Looking for Alaska' (Green)55
14545656615RepititionDef: Repeating a word, phrase, or idea for emphasis or rhythmic effect Ex: "A horse is a horse, of course, of course, And no one can talk to a horse of course, That is, of course, unless the horse is the famous Mr. Ed." (Mr. Ed)56
14545660656RhetoricDef: the art of using language effectively and persuasively Ex: "It isn't very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain." (A Tale of Two Cities)57
14545675494Straw Man FallacyDef: (Rhetorical Fallacy) a statement that refutes a claim that was never made Ex: Taya said the character's reaction to his friend's death was unemotional, Greg said that Taya is insulting his own friend's death.58
14545698073Ad Hominem FallacyDef: (Rhetorical Fallacy) a fallacy that attacks the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute Ex: Taya think's Greg's book is really bad, Greg thinks Taya has a mental disorder and needs help.59
14545702498Red Herring FallacyDef: (Rhetorical Fallacy) when a speaker introduces an irrelevant issue or piece of evidence to divert attention from the subject of the speech. Ex: The boy committed an act of mass murder on a high school but the news says he came from a broken home.60
14545717895Slippery Slope FallacyDef: (Rhetorical Fallacy) A fallacy that assumes that taking a first step will lead to subsequent steps that cannot be prevented Ex: If I pay for your dinner than soon I'll be paying for your taxes!61
14545723795Either/Or FallacyDef: (Rhetorical Fallacy) oversimplifying an issue as offering only two choices. Ex: You either stay away from my family or get locked in jail!62
14545736180Rhetorical ModeDef: Expository: explain and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence, and appropriate discussion Argumentation:63
14545753884Rhetorical QuestionDef: A question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer Ex: How would you feel if your family had no money?64
14545755180SarcasmDef: the use of irony to mock or convey contempt Ex: Yeah, no, I'd TOTALLY love to go back to school, and stay up late at night getting work done, have my teachers tell me my work isn't good, and to learn useless information! I love it!65
14545762524SatireDef: A literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies. Ex: That fan fiction I wrote in throughout 8th and 9th grade.66
14545770335SemanticsDef: the set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences in a given language; also, the study of meaning Ex: 'Crash' could be used to refer to a car crash, a plane crash, a drop in stocks, to ruin a party or get together, or running into something.67
14545780837StyleDef: the choices a writer makes; the combination of distinctive features of a literary work Ex: 'My mom told me to mow the lawn' 'My terrible excuse of a parental figure says I need to mow the lawn' 'My mother informed me I should aboard the mowing device and cut the blades of grass possessing our lawn'68
14545797809SyllogismDef: A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion. Ex: Rocks are hard, hard things shouldn't be chewed, therefore rocks shouldn't be chewed.69
14545799101SymbolismDef: A device in literature where an object represents an idea. Ex: In 'To Kill a Mockingbird', mockingbirds represent innocence70
14545804834SynecdocheDef: a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa Ex: "All hands on deck"71
14545807372SyntaxDef: The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language. Ex: "The man drives the car" is good syntax, "the car drives the man" is not.72
14545810546ThemeDef: the subject of a talk, a piece of writing, a person's thoughts, or an exhibition; a topic. Ex: The theme of Thomas's 'The Hate U Give' is the dangers of racial discrimination still present in America.73
14545814048ThesisDef: a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved. Ex: "The theme of 'Harry Potter' is not just that of family but also of the dangers of receiving overwhelming power."74
14545826699ToneDef: Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character Ex: Good tone: 'Taya was looked upon as a saint for reviewing the book that needed discussion' Bad Tone: 'Greg decided to whine like a baby and go on a rampage attempting to disprove Taya's review'75
14545830740TransitionDef: a word or phrase that links different ideas Ex: 'Therefore', 'Leading to', 'Also' Etc.76
14545833215UnderstatementDef: the presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is. Ex: The Holocaust was pretty bad77
14545835099UndertoneDef: An attitude that may lie under the ostensible tone of the piece. Ex: Though 'Hamilton: An American Musical' is supposed to be a biography of Alexander Hamilton with a hip hop twist, the musical also displays UNDERTONES of family, death, and the power of a person's life story.78
14545848281WitDef: intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights Ex: 'The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy' has a very witty writing style.79

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