Terms : Hide Images
| 13470665433 | attitude | a writer's intellectual position or emotion regarding the subject of the writing | 0 | |
| 13470668457 | concrete detail | details and evidence that relate to the topic | 1 | |
| 13470672192 | descriptive detail | sensory description | 2 | |
| 13470675681 | devices | The figures of speech, syntax, diction, and other stylistic elements that collectively produce a particular artistic effect. | 3 | |
| 13470681976 | rhetorical feature | tools of rhetoric; such as tone, diction, imagery | 4 | |
| 13470686482 | rhetorical structure | how a passage is constructed; organization and how author combines images, details or arguments to serve his or her purpose | 5 | |
| 13470691521 | sentence structure | The arrangement of the parts of a sentence. A sentence may be simple, compound, or complex. Sentences may also contain any of these structures in combination with each other. Each variation leaves a different impression on the reader, and along with other rhetorical devices, may create a countless array of effects. | 6 | |
| 13470694928 | stylistic devices | all of the elements in language that contribute to style, such as syntax, tone, attitude, figures of speech, connotations, and repetition. | 7 | |
| 13470703329 | language | concentration on how the elements of language combine to form a whole-how diction, syntax, figurative language, and sentence structure create a cumulative effect. | 8 | |
| 13470714651 | narrative devices | This term describes the tools of the storyteller (also used in nonfiction), such as ordering events so that they build to a climactic moment or withholding information until a crucial or appropriate moment when revealing it creates a desired effect. On the essay portion of the exam, this term may also apply to biographical and autobiographical writing. | 9 | |
| 13470720568 | narrative technique | the style of telling the "story", even if the passage is nonfiction. Concentrate on the order of events and their detail in evaluating a writer's technique | 10 | |
| 13470730875 | persuasive devices | Words with strong connotations; words that intensify the emotional effect. Speeches use these the most often | 11 | |
| 13470736481 | persuasive essay | Attempts to convince reader to take a course of action or adopt the writer's position on an issue. Appeals to emotion or ethical standards | 12 | |
| 13470741783 | resources of language | This phrase refers to all the devices of composition available to a writer, such as diction, syntax, sentence structure, and figures of speech. The cumulative effect of a work is produced by the resources of language a writer chooses. | 13 | |
| 13470746338 | allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. | 14 | |
| 13470749239 | alliteration | The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words. May be used to reinforce meaning, unify ideas, or supply a musical sound. | 15 | |
| 13470756325 | allusion | A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art. These can be historical, literary, religious, topical, or mythical. There are many more possibilities, and a work may simultaneously use multiple layers of allusion. | 16 | |
| 13470766128 | ambiguity | The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage. | 17 | |
| 13470770137 | analogy | A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. Can make writing more vivid, imaginable, or intellectually engaging. | 18 | |
| 13470776946 | antecedent | The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. | 19 | |
| 13470779893 | aphorism | A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. | 20 | |
| 13470783154 | apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. | 21 | |
| 13470786942 | atmosphere | the emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work. | 22 | |
| 13470799135 | clause | a grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb | 23 | |
| 13470802084 | didactic | primary aim to teach. Not dialectic | 24 | |
| 13470805208 | euphemism | a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept | 25 | |
| 13470809577 | extended metaphor | a metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work. | 26 | |
| 13470815670 | figurative language | Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid. | 27 | |
| 13470817397 | figure of speech | a device used to produce figurative language. Many compare dissimilar things. Ex: hyperbole, irony, metaphor, etc. | 28 | |
| 13470824458 | generic conventions | This term describes traditions for each genre. These help to define each genre; for example, they differentiate an essay and journalistic writing or an autobiography and political writing. On the AP language exam, try to distinguish the unique features of a writer's work from those dictated by convention. | 29 | |
| 13470831427 | colloquial/colloquialism | The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. Not generally acceptable for formal writing, they give the work a conversational, familiar tone. | 30 | |
| 13470840601 | conceit | A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. It displays intellectual cleverness due to the unusual comparison being made. | 31 | |
| 13470846029 | connotation | the nonliteral, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning. | 32 | |
| 13470850913 | denotation | the strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color. | 33 | |
| 13470855974 | diction | writer's word choice | 34 | |
| 13470857321 | genre | the major category into which a literary work fits | 35 | |
| 13470860149 | homily | literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice | 36 | |
| 13470863350 | hyperbole | deliberate exaggeration or overstatement. They often have a comic effect; however, a serious one is possible. Often produces irony at the same time. | 37 | |
| 13470875611 | imagery | the sensory details of fig. lang. used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. | 38 | |
| 13470881448 | inference/infer | to draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented. | 39 | |
| 13470885698 | invective | an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language. | 40 | |
| 13470891287 | irony/ironic | the contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant. Verbal, situational, and dramatic. Frequently used to create poignancy(sadness or regret) or humor. | 41 | |
| 13470901885 | loose sentence | A sentence in which the main idea(IC) comes first, followed by the dependent clause. A passage containing many of these often seems informal, relaxed, and conversational. | 42 | |
| 13470917235 | paradox | a statement that seems contradictory or opposed to common sense but on closer inspection contains some aspect of truth. | 43 | |
| 13470923493 | parallelism | refers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity. | 44 | |
| 13470933269 | parody | A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. | 45 | |
| 13470940311 | metonomy | a term from the Greek meaning "changed label" or "substitute name" __ is a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. For example: a news release that claims "The White House declared" rather than "The President declared" | 46 | |
| 13470945023 | mood | 1st meaning: grammatical and deals with verbal units and a speaker's attitude. 2nd meaning: literary, meaning the prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of the work. | 47 | |
| 13470963740 | narrative | The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events. | 48 | |
| 13470964998 | onomatopoeia | A word that imitates the sound it represents. Buzz, hum, crack, whinny, murmur | 49 | |
| 13470969032 | oxymoron | a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. "pointedly foolish" | 50 | |
| 13470975579 | pedantic | An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish. | 51 | |
| 13470978697 | periodic sentence | A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. The effect is to add emphasis and structural variety. | 52 | |
| 13470987454 | personification | A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes | 53 | |
| 13470988616 | point of view | the perspective from which a story is told. Main ones: first person("I"), second ("you"), or third person(narrative, "he, she it"). | 54 | |
| 13471003253 | tone | Similar to mood, it describes the author's attitude toward his material, the audience, or both. It is easier to determine in spoken language than in written language. Considering how a work would sound if it were read aloud can help in identifying an author's __. Some words describing it are playful, serious, businesslike, sarcastic, humorous, formal, ornate, sardonic, somber, etc. | 55 | |
| 13471004781 | transition | a word or phrase that links different ideas | 56 | |
| 13471006609 | understatement | the presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is. | 57 | |
| 13471010922 | syntax | The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language. | 58 | |
| 13471010924 | theme | Central idea of a work of literature | 59 | |
| 13471011995 | thesis | a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved. | 60 | |
| 13471013606 | predicate adjective | One type of subject complement--an adjective, group of adjectives, or adjective clause that follows a linking verb. It is in the predicate of the sentence, and modifies, or describes, the subject. | 61 | |
| 13471018186 | prose | refers to fiction and nonfiction, including all its forms, because they are written in ordinary language and most closely resemble everyday speech. Not poetry | 62 | |
| 13471032121 | repetition | the duplication, either exact or approximate, or any element of language, such as sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical patterns. | 63 | |
| 13471042927 | satire | A work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule. | 64 | |
| 13471048102 | semantics | The branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another. | 65 | |
| 13471052024 | style | the choices a writer makes; the combination of distinctive features of a literary work | 66 | |
| 13471058402 | subject compliment | predicate nominative. the word or clause that follows a linking verb and complements, or completes, the subject of the sentence. | 67 | |
| 13471066875 | rhetoric | the art of using language effectively and persuasively. Audience | 68 | |
| 13471071656 | rhetorical modes | This flexible term describes the variety, the conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing. Expository, narrative, argumentative, persuasive. | 69 | |
| 13471084678 | sarcasm | bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something | 70 | |
| 13471087915 | subordinate clause | has a subject and verb but cannot stand alone as a sentence, does not represent a complete thought. | 71 | |
| 13471091839 | syllogism | deductive reasoning in which a conclusion is derived from two premises. ex. 1. all men are mortal 2. Socrates is a man therefore Socrates is mortal | 72 | |
| 13471101224 | symbol/symbolism | Generally, anything that represents itself and stands for something else. | 73 | |
| 13519551763 | wit | intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights | 74 |
