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AP Language Terms Summer Assignment Flashcards

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6926069861analogyExplaining something complex by comparing it to something more simple.0
6926114478attitudeThe writer's personal views or feelings about the subject at hand.1
6934475865argumentThe combination of reasons, evidence, etc that an author uses to convince an audience of their position.2
6934480506aristotelian appealsThree different methods of appealing to an audience to convince them—ethos, logos, and pathos.3
6934495309audienceWho the author is directing his or her message towards4
6934498106compare and contrastDiscussing the similarities and differences between two things to some persuasive or illustrative purpose.5
6934509186connotationThe implied meaning of a word; words can broadly have positive, negative, or neutral connotations.6
6934515485contextThe extra-textual environment in which the text is being delivered.7
6934519977counterargumentThe argument(s) against the author's position.8
6934521450deductive reasoningA form of logical reasoning wherein a general principle is applied to a specific case.9
6934528439denotationThe literal, dictionary-definition meaning of a word.10
6934532039dictionThe style of language used; generally tailored to be appropriate to the audience and situation.11
6934540313ethosSetting up a source as credible and trustworthy.12
6934545078evidenceThe information presented meant to persuade the audience of the author's position.13
6934546757figurative languageThe use of language in a non-literal way; i.e. metaphor, simile, etc.14
6934549405genreThe specific type of work being presented.15
6934551416imageryAny descriptive language used to evoke a vivid sense or image of something; includes figurative language.16
6934554386implicationWhen something is suggested without being concretely stated.17
6934557453inductive reasoningMaking a generalization based on specific evidence at hand.18
6934559764ironyAt the most basic sense, saying the opposite of what you mean; also used to describe situations in which the results of an action are dramatically different than intended.19
6934563238juxtapositionPlacing two very different things together for effect.20
6934565394logosAppealing to someone's sense of concrete facts and logic.21
6934569084occasionThe reason or moment for writing or speaking.22
6934571985organizationHow the different parts of an argument are arranged in a piece of writing or speech.23
6934573395pathosAn Aristotelian appeal. Involves appealing to someone's emotions.24
6934577381purposeThe author's persuasive intention.25
6934583560repetitionRe-using a word or phrase repeatedly for effect or emphasis.26
6934587038rhetoricThe use of spoken or written word (or a visual medium) to convey your ideas and convince an audience.27
6934589575rhetorical triangleThe relationship between the author, the audience, the text/message, and the context.28
6934591391speakerThe persona adopted by the author to deliver his or her message; may or may not actually be the same person as the author.29
6934596039styleThe author's own personal approach to rhetoric in the piece; similar to voice.30
6934600186symbolismUsing a symbol to refer to an idea or concept.31
6934602106syntaxThe way sentences are grammatically constructed.32
6934604241synthesisCombining sources or ideas in a coherent way in the purpose of a larger point.33
7181422693themesOverarching ideas or driving premises of a work.34
7181423884toneThe use of stylistic devices to reveal an author's attitude toward a subject.35
7181424521voiceAn author's unique sound. Similar to style.36
7181427494alliterationUsing words with the same first letter repeatedly close together in a phrase or sentence.37
7181428110allusionMaking a brief reference to the cultural canon—e.g. the Bible, Shakespeare, classical mythology, etc.38
7181428527anecdoteOffering a brief narrative episode. This device can serve many functions in a text—for example, introducing an issue, serving as evidence, to illustrate a point, and so on.39
7181429687concessionAgreeing with the opposing viewpoint on a certain smaller point (but not in the larger argument).40
7181431843didacticA text with an instructive purpose, often moral.41
7181433125euphemismReferring to something with a veiled phrase instead of saying it directly42
7181434264exemplificationProviding examples in service of a point.43
7181434987hyperboleOverstating a situation for humorous or dramatic effect.44
7181435723idiomA commonly used phrase that signifies something very different than its literal meaning.45
7181436477onomatopoeiaUsing "sound-effect" words (e.g. "clap," "buzz).46
7181436996paradoxA phrase or assertion that appears to contradict itself (but the contradiction itself may have its own meaning).47
7181439259parallelismRepeated structural elements in a sentence.48
7181439968parodyUsing the form of something to mimic and make fun of it.49
7181441485personificationGiving human characteristics to a nonhuman object or idea.50
7181442016sarcasmMockingly stating the opposite of what you mean. Easier to convey in the spoken word than via writing.51
7181442559satireA genre of humorous and mocking criticism to expose the ignorance and/or ills of society.52
7181443307synecdocheReferring to one part of something as a way to refer to the whole.53
7181443936understatementDeliberately minimizing something, usually for humorous effect54

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