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AP language: vocab 10 Flashcards

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4083367902dead languages-languages that are no longer spoken0
4083367903sedulous-persistent, showing industry, and determination1
4089419785pop art-Art that uses elements of popular culture, such as magazines, movies, popular music, even bottles and cans2
4089419786precept-a rule of conduct or action, implies loftiness and that it's theoretical Ex. The golden rule3
4101298452Horace Mann-father of American public school - nineteenth century Massachusetts legislator, educational reformer, wanted to increase the availability of free, nondenominational public schools4
4101298453scourge-to whip or punish severely -a cause of affliction (a state of pain) or suffering - a source of severe punishment or criticism5
4101298454faulty analogy-the writer uses an extended comparison as a substitute for proof - analogies may suggest similarity, but doesn't prove anything "If doctors can have x-rays to guide the, during an operation then students should be able to use their notes during a test."6
4108967059Gordian knot- a complex knot tied by Midas (in honor of his father) According to legend -whoever loosened it would rule Asia -Alexander the Great undid the knot by cutting it -a problem that needs an unexpected solution7
4108967060salutary-beneficial, helpful -healthful, wholesome8
4116201973quorum-the minimum number of members of a committee/legislative body who much be present before business can be conducted -for example, in the US senate, 51 senators must be present to have a blank9
4116201974sepulchral-funereal, tomb like, extremely gloomy or dismal10
4149587565bowdlerize-To remove offensive passages/words a piece of writing -derived from an English physician would published an edited an edition of Shakespeare - implies prudishness11
4149587566vapid-dull, uninteresting, tiresome -lacking in sharpness, flavor, liveliness or force12
4156431521bread and circuses-describes the decline and hedonism of Romans after the Roman republic was replaced by the Roman Empire -government kept people happy by giving free food and staging high spectacles - used to describe policies that seek short term solutions to unrest13
4156431522anomalous-abnormal, irregular, departing from the usual14
4156452577faulty use of authority-The writer relies on a person, organization, or other entity as an authority, but one with little bearing on the actual argument. - the authority figure may not be an expert on the topic - ex "My brother is in the army, and he says that terrorists would never strike here." "Abortion is perfectly ethical- Nobel Prize-winner Dr. Smart believes so."15
4162396325ad hocA phrase describing something created for a particular occasion -ex a committee to handle a new problem of mice16
4162396326aspersions-Damaging or derogatory statement - the act of slandering or de ain't17
4175317590"Kubla Khan"-An poem by Samuel Taylor Coleridge about an exotic emperor -written in 1798 under the influence of opium18
4175344484cajole-To coax, persuade through flattery or artifice - to deceive with soothing thoughts or false promises19
4175372891post hoc ergo propter hoc-The writer assumes that because one event follows another in time, the first event caused the second event -usually the relationship is merely coincidental -it's correlation not causation "They're going to lose tonight's game; they've never won a Monday night game." "All I know is that we didn't have this problem with the car until you got your license."20
4192093767Sword of Damocles-According to Greek legend king Dionysius taught Blank a lesson that kingship is hard -the kind played him beneath a sword suspended by a single hair from a horse's tail -by extension any danger causing anxiety is this21
4192093768protagonist-the principal character in a literary work (Antagonist cause this character trouble)22
4192093769castigate- to punish severely -to criticize severely23
4192108498demogogue-a leader who exploits popular prejudices and false claims and promises in order to gain power24
4192127590circular thinking/logic-the second half of a writer's claim merely restates the first half in some way -no specific arguable assertion is made -ex. There aren't enough parking spaces in the school lot because there are too many cars ( not because the company nearby parks there too) -ex. Nobody likes school lunches because they think the food is bad.25
4207099888heuristic-helps to learn/understand -involving or serving as an aid to learning, discovery, or problem solving by experimental and trial and error methods26
4207099889ennui-weariness and dissatisfaction from lack of occupation or interest, profound lasting boredom/apathy "on-we"27
4220703225Genghis Khan-A Mongolian emperor and General of the late twelfth and early thirteenth century known for his military leadership and great cruelty -he concurred much of Asia28
4220703226heinous-very wicked, offensive, hateful29
4229584440Four Horsemen-Four figures in the book of revelations who symbolize the evils to come at the end of the world -conquest rides a white horse, war a red horse, famine a black horse, and plague a pale horse -often called the four horsemen of the apocalypse30
4229584441fetter- a chain or shackle on the feet ( often used in plural) - anything that confined or restrains Verb - to chain or shackle, to render helpless,31
4238112670Star Chamber-judged without input/unfair judgments -a royal courts that began in England in the Middle Ages (under the Staurt kings late 1600s) -without juries, known for tyrannical judgments -ceiling was painting with stars32
4238112671sinecure-a position requiring little or no work -an easy job33
4246175567Charles Baudelaire-A French poet of the mid-nineteenth century whose poetry is noted for is morbid beauty and evocative language -his most famous collection is Le Fleurs du mal (the flowers of evil) ~described terror/horror as attractive34
4246175568surreptitious-stealthy, secret, intended to escape observation -made or accomplished by fraud35
4253266808nouveau richeAn insult for one who has recently become rich and spends money to show off36
4253266809austere- stern or severe in manner -without adornment or luxury, simple, plain -Harsh or sour in flavor37
4266870175Vandals-a people of Northern Europe known for their cruelty and destructiveness who invaded the Roman Empire and plundered Rome itself in the fifth century38
4266870176vicariousPerformed, suffered, or experienced by on person in place of another39
4266913484RubiconA river in northern Italy that Julius Casear crossed with his army in violation of the orders of Roman leaders who feared his power -lead to civil war and Caeser bein leader of Rome -by extension, taking a dangerous, decisive, and irreversible step40
4266921717Soporific-Things to cause sleep, relating to sleepiness or lethargy -noun something that induces sleep41
4266935293Quick fixThe writer relies to heavy on a catchy phrase or slogan -slogan doesn't really prove anything -oversimplifies an issue "When guns are outlawed only outlaws will have guns He think Fox News is the best because it's "fair and balanced"42
4275493435schism-a break within a church -such as the division between the Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic church43
4275493436transgress-to go beyond a limit or boundary -to sin to violate a law44
4283847334folio-a standard-size sheet of paper (17 X 13.5) folded in half -described a volume made up of folio sheets -(largest regular book size- most expensive) - Shakespeare's plays were first assembled in folio in 1623, used to designate any of the early collections of his work45
4283847335bromidrosiphobia-fear of body odor -morbid fear of giving forth a bad odor or sweat from the body, sometimes with the belief that such an odor is present46

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