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AP Language Vocab Flashcards

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4726401025AmbiguityThe multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.0
4726401354AnaphoraOne of the devices of repetition, in which the same expression or word is repeated at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences.1
4726402532AntecedentThe word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.2
4726403719AntithesisFigure of balance in which two contrasting ideas are intentionally juxtaposed, usually through parallel structure.3
4726404686AphorismA terse statement of know authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle.4
4726405715ApostrapheA figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love.5
4726407544AsyndetonConsists of omitting conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses. Can give the effect of unpremeditated multiplicity, of an extemporaneous rather than a labored account.6
4726410199ChiasmusA figure of speech in which two successive phrases or clauses are parallel in syntax, but reverse the order of the analogous words.7
4726411858ConceitA fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. Displays intellectual cleverness as a result of the unusual comparison being made.8
4726412689DenotationThe strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion attitude, or color.9
4726413353DiacopeRepetition of a word or phrase after an intervening word or phrase.10
4726413740DictionRefers to the writer's word choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness. (Formal, informal, ornate, or plain)11
4726415117DidacticThese works have the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles.12
4726415974EnumeratioFigure of amplification in which a subject is divided into constituent parts or details, and may include a listing of causes, effects problems solutions, conditions, and consequences.13
4726419025ExpletiveFigure of emphasis in which a single word or short phrase, usually interrupting normal speech, is used to lend emphasis to the words on either side.14
4726445845Generic ConventionsTraditions for each genre. Helps define each genre; for example, it differentiates an essay and journalistic writing or an autobiography and political writing.15
4726447415HomilyLiterally means "sermon", but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.16
4726448457HypophoraFigure of reasoning in which one or more questions are asked and then answered, often at length by one and the same speaker; raising and responding to one's own questions.17
4726452045InvectiveAn emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attach using strong, abusive language.18
4726454206JuxtapositionWhen two words, phrases, images, ideas are placed close together or side by side for comparison or contrast.19
4726455351LitotesA figure of thought in which a point is affirmed by negating its opposite. A special form of understatement, where the surface denial serves, through ironic contrast, to reinforce the underlying assertion.20
4726456474Loose SentenceA type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause comes first) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses.21
4726457354MetonymyA figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it.22
4726459186ParallelismRefers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity. Can involve, but is not limited to repetition of a grammatical element such as a preposition or verbal phrase.23
4726459926PedanticAn adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish.24
4726461359Periodic SentenceA sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. Preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone.25
4726462304PolysyndetonFigure of addition and emphasis which intentionally employs a series of conjunctions not normally found in successive words, phrases or clauses; the deliberate and excessive use of conjunctions in successive words or clauses.26
4726466717Predicate AdjectiveOne type of subject complement is an adjective, group of adjectives, or adjective clause that follows a linking verb. It is the predicate of the sentence, and modifies, or describes, the subject.27
4726468750Predicate NominativeA noun, group of nouns, or noun clause that names the subject. It, like the predicate adjective, follows a linking verb and is located in the predicate of the sentence.28
4726469574ProseOne of the major divisions of genre, this refers to fiction and non-fiction, including all its forms.29
4726472303Rhetorical ModesThe variety, conventions, and purposes of the major kinds of writing. (Exposition, argumentation, description, and narration)30
4726474837SemanticsThe branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another.31
4726475793StyleThe consideration of this has two purposes. (1) An evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices. (2) Classification of authors to a group and comparison of an author to similar authors32
4726477981Subject ComplemetThe word or clauses that follows a linking verb and complements, or completes, the subject of the sentence by either renaming it or describing it. The former is a predicate nominative, the latter a predicate adjective.33
4726479451Subordinate ClauseThis word group contains both a subject and verb, but it cannot stand alone; it does not express a complete thought.34
4726480112SyllogisA deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion.35
4726480794SynecdocheA type of metaphor in which the part stands for the whole, the whole for a part, the genus for the species, the species for the genus, the material for the thing made, or in short, any portion, section, or main quality, for the whole or the thing itself (or vice versa).36
4726482820SyntaxThe way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses and sentences. Similar to diction, but this refers to the groups of words, while diction refers to the individual words.37

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