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Ap language vocab terms Flashcards

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3726014417Ad Hominem against an opponent to undermine him instead of his arguments.0
3726014419Adjective adjusts a noun or pronoun1
3726014421Adverb adjusts a verb or adjective2
3726014423Allegory abstracts ideas and principles3
3726014425Alliteration repetition of sounds in successive words4
3726014427Allusion reference to something literary,mythological, or historical that the author assumes the reader knows5
3726014429Ambiguity presence of two or more meanings in a passage6
3726014431Analogy comparison of two things that are slightly similar7
3726014433Anaphora repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of consecutive lines or sentences8
3726014435Antecedent word,phrase or clause that a pronoun references9
3726014437Antithesis statement where two different ideas are balanced in a parallel structure10
3726014439Aphorism expresses the truth or idea using rhymes11
3726014441Apostrophe addressing an absent or imaginary person or some abstraction12
3726014443Appeal to Authority fallacy where the speaker/writer seeks to persuade not by giving evidence but by appealing to the respect people have for a famous person or institution13
3726014445Appeal to Ignorance fallacy that uses an opponent's inability to disprove a conclusion as proof of the conclusion's correctness14
3726014447Argument statement of meaning15
3726014449Assonance similarity in sound between internal vowels in neighboring words16
3726014451Asyndeton omission of conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses17
3726014453Character one person in a narrative, fiction or nonfiction18
3726014455Chiasmus verbal pattern in which the second half of an expression is balanced against the first but with the parts reversed19
3726014457Circular Argument argument that commits the logical fallacy of assuming what it is attempting to prove20
3726014459Claim arguable statement, which may be a claim of fact, value, or policy21
3726014461Clause group of words that contains a subject and predicate22
3726014463Climax high point or culmination of a series of events23
3726014465Colloquial Characteristic of writing that seeks the effect of informal spoken language as distinct from formal or literary English24
3726014467Comparison when writer examines similarities and/or differences between two people, places, ideas, or objects25
3726014469Complement word or word group that completes the predicate in a sentence26
3726014471Concession argumentative strategy by which a speaker or writer acknowledges the validity of an opponent's point27
3726014473Confirmation main part of a text in which logical arguments in support of a position are elaborated28
3726014475Conjunction part of speech (or word class) that serves to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences29
3726014477Connotation emotional implications and associations that a word may carry30
3726014479Coordination grammatical connection of two or more ideas to give them equal emphasis and importance. Contrast with subordination31
3726014481Deduction method of reasoning in which a conclusion follows necessarily from the stated premises32
3726014483Denotation direct or dictionary meaning of a word, in contrast to its figurative or associated meanings33
3726014485Dialect regional or social variety of a language distinguished by pronunciation, grammar, and/or vocabulary34
3726014487Diction choice and use of words in speech or writing or35
3726014488a way of speaking, usually assessed in terms of prevailing standards of pronunciation and elocution36
3726014490Didactic Intended or inclined to teach or instruct, often excessively37
3726014492Encomium tribute or eulogy in prose or verse glorifying people, objects, ideas, or events38
3726014494Epiphora repetition of a word or phrase at the end of several clauses39
3726014496Epitaph A short inscription in prose or verse on a tombstone or monument or a statement or speech commemorating someone who has died: a funeral oration.40
3726014498Ethos The character, personality, or moral values specific to a person, group, time period, etc.41
3726014500Eulogy (n.) a formal statement of commendation; high praise42
3726014502Euphemism An indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant43
3726014504Exposition A narrative device, often used at the beginning of a work that provides necessary background information about the characters and their circumstances.44
3726014506Extended Metaphor A comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of sentences in a paragraph or lines in a poem.45
3726014508Fallacy A false or mistaken idea46
3726014510False Dilemma A fallacy of oversimplification that offers a limited number of options (usually two) when in fact more options are available.47
3726014512Figurative Language A form of language use in which writers and speakers convey something other than the literal meaning of their words.48
3726014514Figures of Speech Expressions, such as similes, metaphors, and personifications, that make imaginative, rather than literal, comparisons or associations.49
3726014516Flashback A method of narration in which present action is temporarily interrupted so that the reader can witness past events50
3726014518Genre A category or type of literature (or of art, music, etc.) characterized by a particular form, style, or content.51
3726014520Hasty Generalization A fallacy in which a conclusion is not logically justified by sufficient or unbiased evidence.52
3726014522Hyperbole A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement.53
3726014524Imagery Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)54
3726014526Induction Reasoning from specific to general.55
3726014528Invective An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language.56
3726014530Irony A contrast or discrepancy between what is stated and what is really meant, or between what is expected to happen and what actually does happen.57
3726014532Isocolon Parallel structure in which the parallel elements are similar not only in grammatical structure, but also in length58
3726014534Jargon nonsensical talk; specialized language59
3726014536Litotes A figure of speech consisting of an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite.60
3726014538Loose Sentence A complex sentence in which the main clause comes first and the subordinate clause follows61
3726014540Metaphor A comparison that establishes a figurative identity between objects being compared.62
3726014542Metonymy A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it63
3726014544Mode of Discourse the way in which information is presented in written or spoken form64
3726014546Mood Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader65
3726014548Narrative The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events.66
3726014550Noun A person, place, thing, or idea67
3726014552Onomatopoeia A word that imitates the sound it represents.68
3726014554Oxymoron A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.69
372601455570
3726014556Paradox A contradiction or dilemma71
3726014558Parallelism Phrases or sentences of a similar construction/meaning placed side by side, balancing each other72
3726014560Parody A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.73
3726014562Pathos Appeal to emotion74
3726014564Periodic Sentence A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end.75
3726014566Personification A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions. Personification is used to make these abstractions, animals, or objects appear more vivid to the reader.76
3726014568Point of View Perspective from which a story is told.77
3726014570Predicate tells what the subject is or does78
3726014572Pronoun A word that takes the place of a noun79
3726014574Prose Any writing that is not poetry80
3726014576Refutation The part of an argument wherein a speaker or writer anticipates and counters opposing points of view.81
3726014578Repetition Repeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis82
3726014580Rhetoric Effective writing or speaking83
3726014582Rhetorical Question A question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer84
3726014584Running Style Sentence style that appears to follow the mind as it worries a problem through85
3726014586Sarcasm the use of irony to mock or convey contempt86
3726014588Satire A literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies.87
3726014590Simile A comparison using "like" or "as"88
3726014592Style A basic and distinctive mode of expression.89
3726014594Subject In rhetoric, the topic addressed in a piece of writing.90
3726014596Syllogism A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.91
3726014598Soliloquy A long speech expressing the thoughts of a character alone on stage92
3726014600Subordination The dependence of one syntactical element on another in a sentence.93
3726014602Synecdoche A figure of speech in which a part is substituted for the whole.94
3726014604Syntax Sentence structure95
3726014606Symbol A thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract.96
3726014608Understatement A statement that says less than what is meant97
3726014610Verb An action word98
3726014612Voice In grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.99
3726014614Zeugma use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous, meanings100
3726014616Verisimilitude the appearance of being true or real101

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