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AP LIT literature terms Flashcards

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5260571173allegorya figure of speech in which abstract ideas and principles are described in terms of characters, figures and events. Typically in narrative, it has at least two levels of meaning: surface meaning and a moral/political/philosophical/religious meaning. In Pilgrim's Progress, a guy named "Christian" travels through a city called "Sin" and encounters places such as "Vanity Fair" and the "Slough of Despair."0
5260571174allusionreference to something else. Generally, when we consider something an _________ , we mean to an event in history or something else. For instance, the tithle of Things Fall Apart alludes to Yeats's poem "The Second Coming."1
5260573368alliterationwhen words begin with the same sounds. Ex. "The west wind wends its way over the plains.2
5260573369anaphorarepetition of the same word or group of words at the beginning of successive clauses3
5260573370apostropheform of personification in which the absent or dead are spoken to as if present and the inanimate, as if animate.4
5260575560assonancethe repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds, usually in stressed syllables, followed by different consonant sounds in proximate words. Assonance is different from perfect rhyme in that rhyming words also repeat the final consonant. For instance, fate and cave show _________ while fate and late show perfect rhyme ex:go and mow the lawn5
5260575561asyndetondeliberate omission of conjunctions in a series of related clauses: "I came, I saw, I conquered."6
5260578234bildungsromana novel that recounts the development of an individual from childhood or adolescence to maturity7
5260578235blank versebroadly defined, any unrhymed verse but usually referring to unrhymed iambic pentameter.8
5260578236cacophonyharsh, unpleasant sounding9
5260580784caesura(in Greek and Latin verse) a break between words within a metrical foot. (in modern verse) a pause near the middle of a line. any interruption or break.10
5260580785catharsisemotional effect a tragic drama has on its audience. From Aristotle, it is Greek for "purgation" or "purification11
5260580786chiasmusarrangement of ideas in the second clause is a reversal of ideas of the first. "Ask not what your country can do for you..."12
5260583763colloquial languageslang13
5260583764conceita figure of speech involving an elaborate and often surprising comparison between two apparently highly dissimilar things, often in the form of an extended metaphor.14
5260583765connotationdenotation is a word's literal meaning;__________ is the association(s) evoked by a word beyond its denotation.15
5260583766consonancewhen words have the same consonant sounds within (math/breath; word/toward; made/wood)16
5260589814couplettwo consecutive rhyming lines of poetry17
5260589815denotationthe literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests.18
5260592281denouncementFrom the French for "unknotting," a term that both refers to the events following the climax of a plot and implies some ingenious resolution to the dramatic conflict and explanation of the plots mysteries or misunderstandings.19
5260592282deus ex machineLatin for "god from a machine," a phrase referring specifically to the intervention of a nonhuman force to resolve a seemingly unresolvable conflict in a literary work.20
5260592283dictionword choice. Word choice can indicate many things about a poem or prose: is there repetition of important words? Is the language formal or casual? Do particular words stand out? can be formal, middle, or informal.21
5260594681dramatic monologuea lyric poem in which the speaker addresses a silent listener, revealing himself or herself in the context of a dramatic situation. See, for instance, Robert Browning's "My Last Duchess" or T.S. Eliot's "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock."22
5260594682elegya lyric poem written to commemorate someone who is dead.23
5260594683end-stopped linea line of poetry that has a definite stop at the end, generally marked by punctuation.24
5260597122enjambmentwhen a line of poetry moves to the next line without a stop or pause. By the road to the contagious hospital under the surge of the blue mottled clouds driven from the northeast—a cold wind. (WC Williams)25
5260597123epica long narrative poem. Generally epics tell the story of heroes or the founding of nations. Ex. The Odyssey, Beowulf.26
5260597124epigrama short poem with a brief, humorous, quotable ending or a witty, terse prose statement27
5260600109epigrapha passage printed on the title page of a literary work or at the beginning of a section of such a work.28
5260600110euphonypleasing sound. Ex: Seasons of mist and mellow fruitfulness... (Keats)29
5260602307feminine rhymerhyme in which rhyming stressed syllables are followed by one or more unstressed syllables. For instance, "fingers" and "lingers"30
5260602308foota metrical unit consisting of a certain number of stressed and unstressed syllables. Meter is composed of feet. Types: iamb: unstressed/stressed (because) trochee: stressed/unstressed (always) dactyl: stressed/unstressed/unstressed (everything) spondee: stressed/stressed (no way!)31
5260607102free versepoetry that does not follow the strict conventions of more traditional structures.32

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