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AP Literary Terms Flashcards

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8607667950allusiona reference within a work to something outside the work0
8607672709colloquialismthe use of informal words, phrases or even slang in a piece of writing.1
8607699918allegorystory in which people, things, or events have another--often symbolic meaning2
8607702565alliterationthe repetition of initial consonant sounds in neighboring words for a sound effect3
8607706315analogyis a comparison in which an idea or a thing is compared to another thing that is quite different from it.4
8607709651anaphora1. the use of a word referring to or replacing a word used earlier in a sentence 2. the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses.5
8607712146apostrophedirect address; usually to a person or personified idea that is not present6
8607717357euphemisma figure of speech using indirection to avoid offensive bluntness7
8608289166antithesis-a person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else. -a figure of speech in which an opposition or contrast of ideas is expressed by parallelism of words that are the opposites8
8608298429burlesquea literary, dramatic or musical work intended to cause laughter by caricaturing the manner or spirit of serious works, or by ludicrous treatment of their subjects.9
8608397728conceita figure of speech in which two vastly different objects are likened together with the help of similes or metaphors.10
8608411245stream of consciousnessa literary style in which a character's thoughts, feelings, and reactions are depicted in a continuous flow uninterrupted by objective description or conventional dialogue.11
8608419001onomatopoeiaterm referring to words whose very sound is very close to the sound they are meant to depict.12
8608424193kenningrelated to works in Old English poetry where the author would use a twist of words, figure of speech or magic poetic phrase or a newly created compound sentence or phrase13
8608428628assonancethe repetition of the sound of a vowel in non-rhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be detectable14
8608432036consonancerefers to repetitive sounds produced by consonants within a sentence or phrase. This repetition often takes place in quick succession.15
8608435071double entendreA word or phrase open to two interpretations, one of which is usually risque or indecent.16
8608439665euphonyThe use of words and phrases that are distinguished as having a wide range of noteworthy melody or loveliness in the sounds they create17
8608443732hyperboleexaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally18
8608446636personificationthe attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.19
8608449720idiomrefers to a set expression or a phrase comprising two or more words. The phrase is understood as to mean something quite different from what individual words of the phrase would imply.20
8608452399cacophonyIntentional use of words with sharp, harsh, hissing, awkward, and unmelodious sounds in poetry21
8608467353amplificationa literary practice wherein the writer embellishes the sentence by adding more information to it in order to increase its worth and understand-ability.22
8608472571asyndetona practice in literature whereby the author purposely leaves out conjunctions in the sentence, while maintaining the grammatical accuracy of the phrase.23
8608478768pathetic fallacya type of literary device whereby the author ascribes the human feelings of one or more of his or her characters to nonhuman objects or nature or phenomena. It is a type of personification.24
8608484374adagea short, pointed, and memorable saying that is based on facts, and which is considered a veritable truth by the majority of people.25
8608486993anagrampopular form of literary device wherein the writer jumbles up parts of the word to create a new word.26
8608490498parablea figure of speech, which presents a short story typically with a moral lesson at the end.27
8608493658clichean expression that has been overused to the extent that it loses its original meaning or novelty.28
8608518511satireis a technique used by writers to expose and criticize foolishness and corruption of an individual or a society by using humor, irony, exaggeration or ridicule29
8608520625oxymoronA figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.30
8608558521archetypeA typical character, an action or a situation that seems to represent such universal patterns of human nature.31
8608566105connotationrefers to a meaning that is implied by a word apart from the thing which it describes explicitly.32
8608570625parodyAn imitation of the style of a particular writer, artist, or genre with deliberate exaggeration for comic effect.33
8608573754paradoxa statement that appears to be self-contradictory or silly but may include a latent truth.34
8608577220sonnetA form of poetry that consists of fourteen lines of iambic pentameter and conforms to one of two patterns of end rhyme.35
8608581635anti-heroA protagonist/hero in a story, movie, or drama who doesn't have many normal hero characteristics like moral goodness, altruism, and bravery.36
8608585557villanelleit is defined as a poetic device which requires a poem to have 19 lines and a fixed form. It has five tercets (first 15 lines), a quatrain (last four lines), and a couplet at the end of the quatrain.37
8608598756hyperbatona literary device wherein the author plays with the regular positioning of words and phrases and creates a differently structured sentence to convey the same meaning.38
8608602155bibliomancyThis term refers to the practice of basing a plot happening or event and anticipating the results it will have on a faction of the Bible.39
8608606596catharsisan emotional discharge through which one can achieve a state of moral or spiritual renewal or achieve a state of liberation from anxiety and stress.40
8608609935hubrisAn extreme pride and arrogance shown by a character that ultimately brings about his/her downfall.41
8608612382non sequitursLiterary devices which include the statements, sayings and conclusions that do not follow the fundamental principles of logic and reason.42
8608616071periphrasisThe use of excessive language and surplus words to convey a meaning that could otherwise be conveyed with fewer words and in more direct a manner.43
8608619824deus ex machinaan unexpected power or event saving a seemingly hopeless situation, especially as a contrived plot device in a play or novel.44
8608623960footthe smallest repeated pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a poetic line45
8608625934iambican unstressed followed by a stressed syllable46
8608628136trochaica stressed followed by an unstressed syllable47
8608639015spondaictwo stressed syllables48
8608642284versea metric line of poetry. It is named according to the kind and number of feet composing it.49
8608644732monometerone foot50
8608647320dimetertwo feet51
8608649522trimeterthree feet52
8608653570tetrameterfour feet53
8608657521pentameterfive feet54
8608660713hexametersix feet55
8608663883heptameterseven feet56
8608665936octometereight feet57
8608668464masculine rhymea rhyme of final stressed syllables58
8608672747feminine rhymea rhyme between stressed syllables followed by one or more unstressed syllables .59
8608678629epistolarya literary genre pertaining to letters, in which writers use letters, journals and diary entries in their works, or they tell their stories or deliver messages through a series of letters60
8608682219portmanteaua literary device in which two or more words are joined together to coin a new word.61
8608684743tropethe generic name for a figure of speech such as image, symbol, simile, and metaphor62
8608687073illocutionlanguage that avoids meaning of the words and expresses two stories, one of which is not apparent to the characters, but is apparent to the reader.63
8608699967zeugmaa figure of speech in which a word, usually a verb or an adjective, applies to more than one noun, blending together grammatically and logically different ideas.64
8608706983gratuitous actan act which has no motivation or cause65
8608713897ironya figure of speech which is a contradiction or incongruity between what is expected and what actually occurs.66
8608717567verbal ironythe use of words to mean something different from what a person actually says.67
8608720766dramatic ironyIt occurs when the audience is aware of something that the characters in the story are not aware of.68
8608725825situational ironyIt involves a discrepancy between what is expected to happen and what actually happens. It occurs when the exact opposite of what is meant to happen, happens.69
8608780479approximate rhymea term used for words in a rhyming pattern that have some kind of sound correspondence but are not perfect rhymes70
8608789965enjambmentpoetry means moving over from one line to another without terminating punctuation marks71
8608797322end-stopped linepoetic device pause comes at the end of a syntactic unit72
8608803825caesuraliterary device involves creating a fracture of sorts within a sentence where two separate parts are distinguishable yet linked to one another.73
8608818831haikupoem originating from Japan that has 3 lines with 5 syllables-7 syllables-5 syllables.74
8608834131denotationrefers to the literal meaning of a word or phrase; a precise literal destination found in dictionary75
8608854586metonymya figure of speech that replaces the name of a thing with the name of something else with which it is closely associated76
8608862786syncedotea literary device in which a part of something represents the whole or it may use a whole to represent a part77
8753457601didacticisma term that refers to a particular philosophy in art and literature that emphasizes the idea that different forms of art and literature ought to convey information and instructions along with pleasure and entertainment.78
8753464449dissonancethe use of impolite, harsh-sounding, and unusual words in poetry. In other words, it is a deliberate use of inharmonious words, phrases, or syllables intended to create harsh sounding effects.79
8753477362refraina repeated part of a poem, particularly when it comes either at the end of a stanza or between two stanzas80
8753888801anapesta poetic device defined as a metrical foot in a line of a poem that contains three syllables wherein the first two syllables are short and unstressed, followed by a third syllable that is long and stressed.81
8820475941In Medias Resa narrative work beginning or opening in the midst of action. Often, exposition is bypassed and filled in gradually, either through dialogue, flashbacks or description of past events.82
8820487257anthropomorphismthe act of lending a human quality, emotion or ambition to a non-human object or being. This act of lending a human element to a non-human subject is often employed in order to endear the latter to the readers or audience and increase the level of relativity between the two while also lending character to the subject.83
8820500606dystopiaa community or society that is undesirable or frightening. It is translated as "not-good place" and often characterized by dehumanization, totalitarian governments, environmental disaster, or other characteristics associated with a cataclysmic decline in society.84
8820527752scansionmeans to divide the poetry or a poetic form into feet by pointing out different syllables based on their lengths as well as working out meter.85
8901202636hamartiais a personal error in a protagonist's personality, which brings about his tragic downfall in a tragedy.86
8901228727stanzain poetry, these are visual groupings of lines87
8901238099coupletstanza with two lines88
8901242102tercetstanza with three lines89
8901244725quatrainstanza with four lines90
8901248000quintetstanza with five lines91
8901251041sestetstanza with six lines92
8901253755octavestanza with eight lines93
8901265542parallelismthe use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same; or similar in their construction, sound, meaning, or meter.94
8979267285verisimilitudemeans 'the quality of resembling reality' and a work of art, or any part of a work of art, has this quality if it seems believably realistic.95
8979280465vignettea short scene that captures a single moment or a defining detail about a character, idea, or other element of the story. It is a small parts of a larger work, and can only exist as pieces of a whole story.96
8979298898homagea work created in honor of something or someone, generally to show one's respect.97
8979327387inferencethe process of drawing a conclusion from supporting evidence. It's when you go beyond the evidence and reach some further conclusion.98
9052691708ambiguitya word, phrase, or statement which contains more than one meaning. These lead to vagueness and confusion, and shape the basis for instances of unintentional humor.99
9052703768bathosthe act of a writer or a poet falling into inconsequential and absurd metaphors, descriptions, or ideas in an effort to be increasingly emotional or passionate.100
9052710377aporiaan expression of insincere doubt. It's when the writer or speaker pretends, briefly, not to know a key piece of information or not to understand a key connection. After raising this doubt, the author will either respond to the doubt, or leave it open in a suggestive or "hinting" manner.101
9137193699tautologydefining or explaining something by saying exactly the same thing again in different words.102
9137201591intertextualityis not a literary or rhetorical device, but rather a fact about literary texts - the fact that they are all intimately interconnected.103
9137211712vernacularis everyday speech. It's just the way people talk in day-to-day life.104
9137219843anthimeriais the usage of a word in a new grammatical form, most often the usage of a noun as a verb.105
9220890802rhetorical modesThis flexible term describes the variety, the conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing.106
9220895010exposition or expository writingwriting to explain and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence, and appropriate discussion.107
9220901973argumentation or persuasive writingwriting to prove the validity of an idea, or point of view, by presenting sound reasoning, discussion, and argument that thoroughly convince the reader.108
9220907546description or descriptive writingwriting to recreate, invent, or visually present a person, place, event or action so that the reader can picture it.109
9220915124narration or narrative writingwriting to tell a story or narrate an event or series of events.110
9220928046pleonasma rhetorical device that can be defined as the use of two or more words (a phrase) to express a redundant idea.111
9220940565slant rhymeis a type of rhyme formed by words with similar but not identical sounds. In most instances, either the vowel segments are different while the consonants are identical, or vice versa. Also called half rhyme or imperfect rhyme, sometimes called near-rhyme or lazy rhyme.112
9220954945adynatona rhetorical device that is a form of hyperbole in which exaggeration is taken to a great extreme where it seems impossible. In other words, when hyperbole is magnified to such an extent that it is completely unfeasible.113
9566286151polysyndetonsentence which uses a conjunction with NO commas to separate the items in a series.114
9566299860antimetaboleRepetition of words in successive clauses in reverse grammatical order.115
9566315180chiasmusIn poetry, a sentence repeated inversely and the two clauses in the phrase are opposite in meaning.116
9566340586tricolona rhetorical term that consists of three parallel clauses, phrases, or words, which happen to come in quick succession without any interruption.117
9648468286zoomorphisma literary technique in which animal attributes are imposed upon non-animal objects, humans, and events; and animal features are ascribed to humans, gods, and other objects.118
9648481183explicationa literary technique in criticism and research, used for a close analysis of an excerpt or text taken from a lengthy piece of work.119
9726496861soliloquya popular literary device often used in drama to reveal the innermost thoughts of a character. It is a great technique used to convey the progress of action of the play, by means of expressing a character's thoughts about a certain character or past, present, or upcoming event, while talking to himself without acknowledging the presence of any other person.120
9726516901antistrophea rhetorical device that involves the repetition of the same words at the end of consecutive phrases, clauses, sentences, and paragraphs.121
9726531653monologuea literary device that is the speech or verbal presentation given by a single character in order to express his or her collection of thoughts and ideas aloud. Often such a character speaks directly to audience, or to another character.122
9726553625interior monologuea character externalizes his thoughts, so that the audience can experience his internal thoughts. Often found in plays, movies, and novels, this technique is also called a "stream of consciousness."123
9726562572direct interior monologuea device where an author does not show his/her presence, and directly reveals the character's internal thoughts.124
9726571683indirect interior monologuea device where an author appears as a commentator, guide, presenter, and selector in order to reveal the character's internal thoughts.125
9726616470dramatic monologueIn this type of monologue, a character speaks to the silent listener. This type has theatrical qualities and is frequently used in dramas and poetry.126
9726661595asidean actor speaks to the audience which other actors on the stage cannot hear. Sometimes the actor cups his mouth toward the audience or turns away from the other actors. It serves to reveal a character's thoughts or concerns to the audience without revealing them to other characters in a play.127

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