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AP Literature Allusions - Historical Flashcards

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4133064323Attilabarbarian, rough leader H: King of the Huns from 433-453 and the most successful of the barbarian invaders of the Roman Empire0
4133066008Berserkdestructively or frenetically violent, mentor or emotional upset H: a warrior clothed in bear skin who worked himself into a frenzy before battle1
4133070533Bloomerundergarments for dance or active wear; underwear formally worn by females that was composed of loose trousers gathered at the ankles H: invented by Amelia Jenks Bloomer (1818-1894), an American social reformer2
4133078322Bowdlerizeto censor, expurgate prudishly, to modify, as by shortening or simplifying or by skewing content H: after Thomas Bowdler (1754-1825), who expurgated Shakespeare3
4133082755Boycottto act together in abstaining from using, buying, or dealing with as an expression of protest or disfavor or as a means of coercion. H: after Charles C. Boycott (1832-1897) of Ireland. Boycott, a former British soldier, refused to charge lower rents and ejected his tenants. Boycott and his family found themselves without servants, farmlands, services in stores, or mail delivery.4
4133092020Canopyan overhanging protection or shelter, to cover or hover above. Middle English word "canape" taken from Latin "canapeum" or "conopeum" meaning "net curtains"5
4133097398Casanovaa man who is amorously and gallantly attentive to women, a promiscuous man. H: Giovanni Jacopo Casanova De Seingalt (1725-1798), an Italian adventurer who established a legendary reputation as a lover6
4133101419Chauvinistone who has a militant devotion to and glorification of one's country, fanatical patriotism, prejudices belief in the superiority of one's own gender, group, or kind H: after Nicolast Chauvin, a legendary French soldier devoted to Napoleon.7
4133250814Derricka machine for hosting and moving heavy objects, consisting of a movable boom equipped with cables and pulleys and connected to the base of an upright stationary beam, a tall framework over a drilled hole, esp. an oil well, used to support boring equipment H: named after a London hangman Derik (1600)8
4133260994Donnybrookany riotous occasion H: taken from the Donnybrook Fair, held in Dublin County, Ireland until 1855, which was famous for rioting and dissipation9
4133267724Dungareea style of casual work pants H: form a coarse cotton fabric of East Indian origin H: from the Hindu word "dungri"10
4133270214El Doradoa place of reputed wealth H: from the legendary city in South America, sought by early Spanish explorers11
4133272472Hackneyto make something banal or trite by frequent use, a horse for ordinary riding or driving, a horse kept for hire, let out, employed, or done for hire H: from Hackney, the most common breed of heavy harness horses in the US12
4133289162Horatio Algerone who believes that a person can make it on his one merits H: from (1832-1899) American writer of inspirational adventure books13
4133293742Laconicusing or marked by the use of few words, brief; Lakonikos H: from the reputation of the Spartans for brevity of speech14
4133297212Limericka humorous or nonsense verse of five lines H: from Limerick, a county in Republic of Ireland where the form is said to have originated15
4133307710Machiavellianof or relating to Machiavelli or Machiavellianism, characterized by expedience, deceit, and cunning H: after Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1537), a philosopher known for his treaties and political expediency, wrote "The Prince" (1513)16
4133330972McCarthyismmodern with hunt, the practice of publicizing accusations of political disloyalty or subversions with insufficient regard to evidence, the use of unfair investigatory or accusatory methods, in order to suppress opposition H: after Joseph McCarthy (1908-1957), an American politician who as a US senator form WWI publicly accused many citizens of subversion17
4133337418Meanderto wander aimlessly H: originating from Meander, a river in Turkey noted for its winding course.18
4136116274Mesmerizeto induce the state of being hypnotized H: F.A. Mesmer, an Austrian physician who used hypnotism and developed a theory called "animal magnetism"19
4136122058Nostradamusfortune teller H: (1503-1566) French physician and astrologer who wrote a book of rhymed prophecies20
4136126082Sardonicbitterly ironical, sarcastic, sneering H: from a Sardinian plant said to bring on fits of laughter21
4136130734Shanghaito cheat or steal, to make drugs, liquor, etc., to bring or get by trickery or force H: a seaport in East China, from Shanghai because sailors for voyages there were often secured by illicit means22
4136139077Spartanfrugal and bare, simple, disciplined and stern and brace H: having to do with Sparta, an important city in Greece. The Spartans were known for simplicity of life, severity, courage, and brevity of speech23
4136144817Stonewallhinder or obstruct by evasive, delaying tactics; in cricket: trying to go completely defensive, blocking every ball without trying without trying to score H: relating to Stonewall Jackson (Thomas J. Jackson), Confederate General from the remark during the Battle of Bull Run: "Look as Jackson's men; they stand like a stone wall."24
4136162713Swiftiansatirical H: from Jonathan Swift's famous satire on politics "Gulliver's Travels"25
4136168226Sybariticluxurious, voluptuous, a person who cares very much for luxury and pleasure H: an inhabitant of Sybars, a town founded by the Greeks in ancient Italy, which was known for its luxury26
4136177267Thespianhaving to do with the theatre or acting H: relating to Thespians, so called from Thespis, an Attic poet of the 6th century B.C., reputed to the father of Greek tragedy27
4136191819Uncle Samgovernment of people of the United States H: derived from the United States of America - Uncle Sam, a businessman with initials on shipping boxes in 1800's28
4136202374Utopiaan imaginary and perfect society H: British 1610, source Thomas More's novel "Utopia"29
4136207347Wagnerianstyle of music: loud, dramatic, radical H: having to do with Wagner, his music, or his musical style or theories30
4136214747Waterlooa decisive or final defeat or setback H: Belgian 1816, source of Napoleon's last defeat31

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