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AP Literature Biblical Allusions Flashcards

Biblical Allusions.

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10478354950SolomonThe son of David, was the wisest of all Old Testament Israelite kinds. Solomon also built the Temple of Jerusalem.0
10478354951Good SamaritanTells about an enemy, a Samaritan, taking care of a Jewish man who was beaten and robbed. People who perform random acts of kindness are often called good Samaritans.1
10478354952SalomeThe step-daughter of Herod, who demanded the head of John the Baptist on a platter.2
10478354953Abraham and IsaacFather and son. God tested Abraham's faith by asking him to kill his son, Isaac, which Abraham was willing to do. Both Jews and Arabs trace their lineage to "Father Abraham" : Jews descend from Isaac, Arabs from Abraham's other son, Ishmael.3
10478354954Good ShepardAnother name for Jesus Christ. He took care of his chosen people as a shepherd tending his flock.4
10478354955SamsonA man of the Old Testament who had incredible strength. Samson was betrayed by his lover, Deliah, who found out that his hair was the source of his strength and cut it.5
10478354956Adam and EveThe first man and woman. God drove them from the Garden of Eden after they tasted the forbidden fruit from the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil. Adam and Eve are the parents of mankind.6
10478354957Queen of ShebaThe ruler of the kingdom of Sheba, who was famous for her beauty and riches.7
10478354958Twelve ApostlesThe original apostles, or followers, of Christ.8
10478354959Cain and AbelAdam and Eve's first sons. Cain murdered his brother, and as a result, was exiled by God. God marked Cain to protect him during his wanderings; this mark of Cain is still considered a sign of mankind's sinful nature.9
10478354960PaulFormerly Saul, was one of the primary leaders of the early Christian church. The New Testament is filled with his letters, or epistles, to many different Christian communities.10
10478354961Four Horsemen of the ApocalypseSigns from the Book of Revelation. Each rider represents a different form of evil: war, famine, pestilence, and death.11
10478354962Jacob's LadderThe ladder of Jacob saw in a dream. The ladder reached from the earth up to heaven and symbolized God's promise to bless Jacob and his descendants.12
10478354963Song of SolomonAlso known as Song of Songs, is a collection of poems about God's love that is often considered an allegory for God's love for his children, as well as an allegory for Jesus love for his people, the church, and the love between a husband and wife. The poems alternate between a narrator and a lover.13
10478354964Promised LandThe land of milk and honey, known as Canaan (or Palestine) that God initially promised to Abraham and his descendents. Moses eventually led the Israelites to the Promised Land, but he could not enter it. Any time something is earned or gained through patience and diligence, it is considered reaching the promised land.14
10478354965Valley of the Shadow of DeathAn image taken from the twenty-third Psalm. Figuratively, it now represents the perils in this life that God protects people from.15
10478354966SerpentA symbol for the devil.16
10478354967Prodigal SonTells of a son who squandered his inheritance but eventually realized his errors and returned home to beg his father's forgiveness. His father welcomed his son back with open arms.17
10478354968Twenty third PsalmThe most famous psalm; it begins with "The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want." The psalm draws its imagery from Exodus and is popular with both Jews and Christians. It is often quoted at funerals because it is reassuring and comforting, stressing God's love and care for his people.18
10478354969Second ComingRefers to the time when Jesus is expected to return to the earth to judge the living and the dead.19
10478354970Garden of EdenThe site of Adam and Eve's perfect existence, until their transgression and subsequent banishment. Any place of complete peace and happiness can be considered a Garden of Eden.20
10478354971Jonah and the WhaleThe story of a prophet who fled to sea rather than answer God's call to prophesy in the city of Nineval. God created a storm, causing other sailors to throw Jonah overboard. Jonah, swallowed by a large fish, spends three days in the fish's belly, praying for forgiveness. The fish spits out Jonah. It gratitude, Jonah prophesies to peoeple in Ninevah.21
10478354972ResurrectionRefers to Jesus' rising from the dead. Belief in the resurrection is essential to Christian doctrine.22
10478354973ArmageddonThe final battle between God and the devil at the end of the world, as described in the book of Revelation. Any major, climatic battle is sometimes considered Armageddon - the final battle between good and evil.23
10478354974ExodusThe second book of the Bible. It recounts the journey of Moses and the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt. The word exodus comes from the Greek, meaning departure.24
10478354975Judgement DayOccurs at the End of Time, during the Second Coming, when Jesus will judge the living and the dead.25
10478354976BethlehemThe birthplace of Jesus; it's a village near Jerusalem.26
10478354977GenesisThe first book of the Bible and now refers to any beginning.27
10478354978NazarethThe hometown of Joseph, Mary, and Jesus, thus the name "Jesus of Nazareth."28
10478354979CalvaryThe site of Jesus' Crucifixion; it's a hill near Jerusalem.29
10478354980GolgothaSkull place, is another name for Calvary.30
10478354981ApocalypseAnother name for the Book of Revelation, the last book of the Bible. An apocalypse refers to a final battle or catastrophe; the Apocalypse is the end of time.31
10478354982DamascusAn Ancient city in Syria. The road to Damascus was the site of Saul's conversion to Paul and is used now to describe any sudden turning point in an individual's life.32
10478354983HellA place of evil and darkness, the opposite of heaven, the realm of Satan. The wicked who do not atone for their sins spend all eternity in hell.33
10478354984ApocryphaRefers to the scriptural writings that are accepted and published by some Christian denominations but not others. For example, the Roman Catholic Bible includes Maccabees I and II and Sirach, whereas the King James Version does not.34
10478354985Burning BushThe method by which God revealed himself to Moses. Although the bush was on fire, it did not burn.35
10478354986Last SupperRefers to the final meal that Jesus shared with his disciples before being betrayed and sentenced to death.36
10478354987Sodom and GomorrahTwo cities that God destroyed because of the illicit sexual practices of their people, including sodomy and bestiality. The names are associated with perversity.37
10478354988Thief in the NightRefers to the unexpected and quick arrival of someone. This is taken from 1st Thessalonians, which encourages Christians to be vigilant regarding the Second Coming.38
10478354989Forbidden FruitRefers to the fruit from the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil, which Adam and Eve were instructed not to eat. Traditionally, the forbidden fruit is an apple, though this has no Biblical origin. Contemporary forbidden fruits are things that are off-limits. Often, forbidden fruits are sexual in nature.39
10478354990Daniel in the lion's denThe story that tells of the prophet Daniel, who was sent into a den of lions to be destroyed; but an angel of the lord protected him, and he was unhurt. Any character facing an immensely challenging situation is likened to Daniel in the lion's den.40
10478354991Wolf in sheep's clothingPhrase that refers to false prophets. The book of Matthew says that these prophets will come in sheep's clothing, but inwardly be ravenous wolves.41
10478354992Fatted CalfThe parable of the Prodigal Son. The fatted calf was sacrificed to celebrate the return of the wayward son.42
10478354993An eye for an eyeRefers to an Old Testament principle of justice, where punishment was equal to the crime committed. The New Testament teaches of Jesus countering this with, "Turn the other cheek."43
10478354994Parting of the Red SeaRefers to an event during the exodus of God's chosen people, the Israelites, from Egypt. According to the bible, while fleeing Egyptian forces, Moses and the Israelites came upon the Red Sea; God parted the waters to enable the Israelites to pass and then closed them up again and drowned the Egyptians.44
10478354995The eye of a needleRefers to the difficulty the rich have for gaining access into heaven. Speaking metaphorically, Jesus said that it's easier for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle than it is for a rich man to attain the Kingdom of God.45
10478354996Turn the other cheekJesus commanded his disciples to "turn the other cheek" rather than demand Old Testament justice, which called for an eye for an eye. This command came from the Sermon on the Mount.46
10478354997"Am I my brother's keeper?"This is from the Bible story of Cain and Abel, Adam's and Eve's sons. Upon learning that God had accepted Abel's sacrifice and not his own, Cain killed Abel. When God asked Cain where his brother was, Cain replied, "Am I my brother's keeper?"47
10478354998MosesThe Old Testament prophet who led the Israelites out of Egypt. Moses received the Ten Commandments from God and led God's chosen people to the Promised Land.48
10478354999LuciferThe Angel of Light, who led the rebellion against God and was tossed out of heaven, becoming the devil.49
10478355000Loaves and the FishRefers to the miracle that Jesus performed when he fed the masses with only five loaves of bread and two fish. After thousands ate their fill, the remainder filled 12 baskets.50
10478355001MichaelThe archangel, or angel of highest rank, and is often considered to be the angel who will lead the army of angels on Judgement Day.51
10478355002Lot's wifeA disobedient woman who was punished by God. When she turned back to look at the city that was to be destroyed - in direct violation of God's command - she was turned into a pillar of salt.52
10478355003Alpha & OmegaThe first and last letters of the Greek alphabet; used in conjunction, they represent God, who is the beginning and the end.53
10478355004MethuselahThe oldest person mentioned in the Bible. He was the grandfather of Noah; he lived for 969 years.54
10478355005LazarusA man who Jesus raised from the dead.55
10478355006NoahA man in the Old Testament who obeyed God's command to build an ark; he loaded two of each kind of animal on the ark to save them from the flood that God sent to destroy the world.56
10478355007Mary MagdaleneThe repentant prostitute who anointed the feet of Jesus. She was one of the women who remained with Jesus, during and after his crucifixion, and discovered the empty tomb, which indicated Jesus' resurrection.57
10478355008Judas IscariotOne of the original twelve Apostles. he was the one who betrayed Jesus. Judas, like Benedict Arnold, is a name used for one who betrays another.58
10478355009John the BaptistA cousin to Jesus and was the "voice in the wilderness" that cried out to prepare people for the way of the lord.59
10478355010IsraelThe new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God; the name means "one who has been strong against God."60
10478355011ChristAnother title for Jesus, meaning the "Chosen One." In literature, characters who sacrifice themselves for others are often called Christ figures.61
10478355012JobAn Old Testament whose faith was severely tested by Satan (with God's approval). Job endured so much that people who endure long suffering are said to have the patience of Job.62
10478355013IsaiahAn Old Testament prophet who foretold the coming of the Messiah, or Savior.63
10478355014AntichristThe enemy of Jesus, who will appear on earth before the Second Coming of Christ. Often compared to a beast, many evil men - such as Nero, Stalin, Hitler, and Hussein - have been called the Antichrist.64
10478355015JezebelAn immoral queen of Israel who tried to kill the prophet Elijah.65
10478355016GabrielGod's Messenger Angel. Christians cite Gabriel as the Annunciation Angel, and Muslims believe Gabriel appeared to Muhammad to reveal the sacred laws of the Koran.66
10478355017SatanAnother name for the devil. The devil is considered to be the fallen angel Lucifer.67
10478355018JesusTo Christians, was the son of God, a person who was both God and man. He died to atone for mankind's sins and rise from the dead.68
10478355019DavidA great king of the Israelites. As a boy, he fought against and defeated the giant Goliath, David is the father of Solomon and is an ancestor of Jesus.69
10478355020PeterOriginally called Simon, was one of the Twelve Apostles. He was the one who denied Jesus three times and upon whom Jesus built his church; that is, Peter became the leader of Christ's new church. It was said that Peter was entrusted with the keys to heaven.70
10478355021BeelzebubAnother name for the devil. In Milton's Paradise Lost, Beelzebub is second in command to Lucifer.71
10478355022Tower of BabelOriginally intended to reach into heaven, was built by the descendants of Noah, who were unified in speech in the city of Babel. Because of their arrogance, God confused their speech, making the people unable to understand one another, thus creating the different languages of Earth.72
10478355023Crown of thornsA mock crown, woven cut of thorny branches, that Jesus was forced to wear by Roman soldiers. Anything that causes immense pain and suffering can be called a crown of thorns.73
10478355024Jacob and EsauIsaac's sons. Esau traded his inheritance to Jacob for food, and then Jacob stole their father's deathbed blessing - usually reserved for the first-born son - by disguising himself as his brother.74
10478355025Sermon on the MountThe first sermon of Jesus. Among the many teachings of Jesus, the Sermon on the Mount contains the Beatitudes, the Lord's Prayer, and the Golden Rule.75
10478355026Coat of many colorsThe cat Jacob gave to his son, Joseph. His brothers became jealous, coveting Joseph's gift, and sold Joseph into slavery.76
10478355027Plagues of Egypt10 Disasters that God sent to Egypt in order to convince the pharaoh to "let [His] people go." The plagues included things such as locusts, frogs, boils, and even death.77
10478355028Golden CalfAn idol created for the Israelites during the time they roamed the desert in search of the Promised Land. Fearing Moses would not return from Mt. Sinai and needing a god to lead them, they had Aaron create the golden calf out of melted jewelry. When Moses returned with the Ten Commandments, he found the people worshiping this false god.78
10478355029Olive branchAfter 40 days of rain, Noah sent a dove from the ark to search for dry land, and it came back with an olive branch in its beak. Both the dove and the olive branch are considered signs of peace.79
10478355030Tree of knowledge of good and evilContained the forbidden fruit, of which Adam and Eve's were commanded by God not to eat. Adam's and Eve's disobedience led to the Fall of Man and was famously chronicled in Milton's Paradise Lost.80
10478355031CrucifixionRefers to the death of Jesus by hanging on a cross, bound by ropes or nailed through the hands and feet.81
10478355032AnnunciationThe Angel Gabriel appeared to Mary, the mother of Jesus, and told her that she was going to bear a son. The visit and the pronouncement are together considered to be the annunciation.82
10478355033Thirty pieces of silverRefers to the price paid to Judas Iscariot for betraying Jesus. This is known as blood money and currently refers to any treacherous act.83
10478355034MessiahRefers to the "anointed one", meaning one who is anointed with oil after reaching a high position among ancient Israelies - king, priest, or prophet. For Christians, this was Jesus Christ. For Jews, the Messiah has not yet come to the world.84
10478355035Gold, frankincense, and myrrhThe gifts the three wise men gave to baby Jesus on the day of his birth.85
10478355036Walking on waterOne of the many miracles performed by Jesus. Those who walk on water today are said to have completed almost miraculous, godlike acts.86
10478355037AngelsBeings that live in both heaven and hell. Angels residing in hell rebelled against God and were subsequently banished. Sometimes angels are sent from God to deliver messages.87
10478355038BeatitudesThe words of Jesus, spoken during the Sermon on the Mount. Each beatitude begins with, "Blessed are the..."88
10478355039Doubting ThomasRefers to the apostle Thomas, who was not present with the others when they saw the risen Jesus Christ. He demanded to see for himself and touch Jesus' wounds before he would believe that Christ had risen from the dead. Those with little faith are often referred to as doubting Thomases.89
10478355040CherubimHeavenly angels. A single angel is a cherub. he cherubim are second only to seraphim in the hierarchy of angels and are usually represented as rosy-cheeked children with wings.90
10478355041Ten CommandmentsThe rules God gave to Moses, written on stone tablets, for the Israelites to follow as they lived their lives.91
10478355042PhilistineRefers to a person who is uncultured. It comes from the Old Testament enemies of the Israelites.92
10478355043DisciplesFollowers. Originally, they were the followers of Jesus, but now the term is used to describe anyone who follows a leader.93
10478355044CovenantAn agreement, or contract, between God and his people.94
10478356429John the Baptistborn before Jesus and announced his coming. Baptized Jesus and was one of his followers. After Jesus's death, he was captured by Herod for preaching Jesus's word. Salome danced for Herod, who offered her any gift in payment for her wonderful dancing. She requested the head of John the Baptist, which was delivered to her on a sliver platter95
10478363563The Last SupperThe last meal Jesus ate with his disciples. At this meal Jesus told his disciples that one of them would betray him before the night was out.96
10478388980Birth of JesusThe hometown of Mary and Joseph was Bethlehem, where Jesus was born. Magi came from the east to worship him, alerting King Herod to a possible threat to his rule. Mary and Joseph escaped to Egypt to escape the threat from Herod, only returning after his death, but Joseph was told in a dream to turn aside and travel to Galilee, where Jesus grew up in the town of Nazareth. Nativity97

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