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2663733455simileAn explicit comparison (using like or as): "Her lips are like roses."0
2663733789metaphorA word or phrase denoting one kind of object or idea used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them ("the ship ploughs the sea.") A metaphor is generally an implicit comparison (doesn't use like or as): "Her lips are roses."1
2663734477synecdochesubstituting a part for a whole or a whole for a part. "Fifty sail" for "fifty ships"; "the smiling year" for spring.2
2663735214metonymysubstituting the name of something for its attribute or whatever it is associated with ("crown" for king).3
2663735924periphrasissubstituting a descriptive phrase, made up of a concrete adjective and abstract noun, for a precise word: "fringed curtains of thine eye" (= eyelashes).4
2663736290personificationattributing animation to something inanimate ("a grieving nation"); treating a thing or abstract quality as though it were a person.5
2663736828oxymorondeliberate combination of seemingly contradictory words ("helpful bureaucrat;""bittersweet").6
2663737435onomatopoeiathe concordance of sounds and meaning. "Snap, crackle, pop."7
2663737751assonancerecurrent vowel sounds ("sweet, sleeps, creature").8
2663737752alliterationrecurrent consonant sounds, frequently but not exclusively at beginning of words (e.g. in Shakespeare's Sonnet 30: sessions, sweet, silent, summon, things, past...)9
2663739529pundeliberate confusion of words based upon similarity of sound (waist/waste).10
2663739530malapropismunconscious pun; confusing "odious" for "onerous."11
2663739531wordplaya serious pun, as when a dying man says "tomorrow you shall find me a grave man."12
2663739532paronomasiawordplay based upon similar rather than identical sounds (e.g. roots/ rots).13
2663740716repetition, parallelism, contrast, antithesisdevices which have the rational appeal of logic and the aesthetic appeal of symmetry. For example: "Suit the action to the word and the word to the action" uses contrasted repetition of "action" and "word" within parallel grammatical units (noun plus prepositional phrase).14
2663741066anaphorarepetition of word or words beginning a series of parallel syntactical units ("this sceptered isle, ... this blessed plot, this earth, this realm, this England").15
2663741395double epithettwo words of identical or almost identical meaning joined by a conjunction. The chief effect is richness or plenitude of style: "extravagant and erring," "foul and pestilent." One of Shakespeare's favorite devices; usually combines a Latinate and an Anglo-Saxon word.16
2663741694transpositionrearrangement of normal word order for effect (Noun-Verb-Direct Object may become N-DO-V, e.g. "I the apple ate" for "I ate the apple"; "gentle my lord" means "my gentle lord").17
2663742081apostrophedirect address of an abstraction or of someone absent ("O time!..."; "Death, be not proud!")18
2663742279hyperboledeliberate overstatement, exaggeration for effect ("I'm so hungry I could eat a horse").19
2663742483allusionreference to or echo of familiar expressions, persons or objects from a cultural tradition (esp. biblical, classical, proverbial); e.g., a "prodigal son" alludes to the biblical parable.20
2663742939connotationdouble- and triple-level suggestive power of words; gold can connote wealth, but also beauty and excellence or greed; a dove, peace as well as innocence.21
2663743697satiricexposing to ridicule22
2663744086whimsicalcapricious23
2663744427learnedscholarly24
2663744872informativeinstructive25
2663745331somberextremely serious26
2663745938urgentinsistent27
2663745954confidentsure28
2663746454mock-heroicsatirizing that which is heroic, as in manner, character, or action29
2663747149objectiveunbiased30
2663748030diffidenttimid31
2663748031ironiccontradictory32
2663748351didacticintended for instruction33
2663748780pettyungenerous in trivial or trifling matters34
2663749084factualbased on facts35
2663749085restrainedheld back36
2823788123elegiacexpressing sorrow37
2663749481disdainfulfull of scorn or contempt38
2663750747lugubriousmournful, especially in an exaggerated manner39
2663751620pedanticostentatious in learning40
2663752226indignantexpressing strong displeasure at something considered unjust, offensive, insulting, or base41
2663752602banteringcharacterized by good-natured exchange of light or playful remarks42
2663753316flippantshallow43
2663753737condescendingimplying a descent from dignity or superiority44
2663753999patronizingdisplaying an offensively condescending manner45
2663754512facetiousnot meant to be taken seriously or literally46
2663755436clinicaldispassionately analytical47
2663755711inflammatoryintending to arose anger, hostility, or passion48
2663757620benevolentcharitable49
2663758086burlesqueinvolving ludicrous or mocking treatment of solemn subjects50
2663758124fancifulled by fantasy or imagination rather than reason51
2663759141detachedimpartial52
2663760049cynicalpessimistic53
2663760467incisivepenetrating54
2663760801allusivecontaining references either directly or implied55
2663761781scornfulcontemptuous56
2663762875effusiveextravagantly demonstrative57
2663762876colloquialconversational58
2663763340compassionatesympathetic59
2663763341impartialnot biased60
2663763377insipidvapid61
2663764820pretentiousostentatious62
2663765514vibrantlively63
2663765770irreverentlacking reverence64
2663765771sentimentalmaudlin65
2663766363moralisticconcerned with regulating morals66
2663766595complimentaryexpressing praise67
2663767111contemptuousscornful68
2663767112sympatheticcompassionate69
2663767529tauntingshowing reproach with sarcasm70
2663767831concernedinterested71
2663767851turgidpompous72
2663768772sardoniccharacterized by scornful derision73
2663810938contentiousquarrelsome74
2663810939insolentdisrespectful75
2663810940candidhonest76

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