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AP Literature Key Terminology Flashcards

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6665666124AllegoryA prose or poetic narrative in which the characters, behavior, and even the setting demonstrates multilevels of meaning and significance.0
6665677110AlliterationThe sequential initial repetition of a similar sound, usually applied to consonants1
6665681937AllusionA reference to a literary or historical event, person, or place.2
6665687612AnaphoraThe regular repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases or clauses.3
6665692221AnecdoteA brief story of tale told by a character in a piece of literature4
6665695712AntagonistAny force that is in opposition to the main character, or protagonist5
6665699205AntithesisThe juxtaposition of sharply contrasting ideas in balanced or parallel words, phrases, grammatical structures, or ideas.6
6665712602ApostropheAn address or invocation to something that is inanimate7
6665718081ArchetypeRecurrent designs, patterns of action, character types, themes, or images which are identifiable in a wide range of literature8
6665725828AssonanceA repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds, usually those found in stressed syllables of close proximity9
6666023162AsyndetonA style in which conjunctions are omitted, usually producing a fast-paced, more rapid prose. "I came, I saw, I conquered"10
6666032176AttitudeThe sense expressed by the tone of voice and/or the mood of a piece of writing; the feelings the author holds towards his subject, the people in his narrative, the events, the setting or even the theme.11
6666039869BalladA narrative poem that is, or originally was, meant to be sung. (Repetition and refrain)12
6666047801Ballad StanzaA common stanza form, consisting of a quatrain that alternates four-beat and three-beat lines; one and three are unrhymed iambic tetrameter and two and four are rhymed iambic trimeter13
6666061447Blank VerseThe verse from that most resembles common speech, consisted of unrhymed lines in iambic pentameter14
6666069153CaesuraA pause in a line or verse, indicated by natural speech patterns rather than due to specific metrical patterns15
6666074473CaricatureA depiction in which a character's characteristics or features are so deliberately exaggerated as to render them absurd16
6666081596ChiasmusA figure of speech by which the order of the terms in the first of two parallel clauses is reversed in the second. "Pleasure is a sin, and sin is a pleasure"17
6666090378ColloquialOrdinary language, the vernacular18
6666092993ConceitA comparison of two unlikely things that is drawn out within a piece of literature, in particular an extended metaphor within a poem19
6666103932ConnotationWhat is suggested by a word, apart from what it explicitly describes, often referred to as the implied meaning of the word.20
6666107995ConsonanceThe repetition of a sequence of two or more consonants, but with a change in the intervening vowels. "clinging and clanging"21
6666117913CoupletTwo rhyming lines of iambic pentameter that together present a singe idea or connection.22
6666121453DactylicThe metrical pattern, as used in poetry, in which each foot consisted of a stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables23
6666129143DenotationA direct and specific meaning, often referred to as the dictionary meaning of a word24
6666132549DialectThe language and speech idiosyncrasies of a specific area, region, or group of people25
6666137705DictionThe specific word choice an author uses to persuade or convey tone, purpose, or effect.26
6666143527Dramatic MonologueA monologue set in a specific situation and spoken to an imaginary audience. Synonym for "soliloquy"27
6666149636ElegyA poetic lament upon the death or a particular person, usually ending in consolation28
6666153718EnjambmentThe continuation of a sentence from one line or couplet of a poem to the next29
6666180728EpicA poem that celebrates, in a continuous narrative, the achievements of mighty heroes and heroines, often concerned with the founding of a nation or developing of a culture; it uses elevated language and grand, high style30
6666191082ExpositionThat part of the structure that sets the scene, introduces and identifies characters, and establishes the situation at the beginning of a story or play31
6666202051Extended metaphorA detailed and complex metaphor that extended over a long section of a work, also known as a "conceit"32
6666206551Falling ActionThat part of plot structure in which the complications of the rising action are untangled. This is also known as "denouement"33
6666212573FarceA play or scene in a play or book that is characterized by broad humor, wild antics, and often slapstick and physical humor34
6666218383ForeshadowingTo hint at or present an indication of the future beforehand35
6666223521Formal DictionLanguage that is lofty, dignified, and impersonal. Such diction is often used in narrative epic poetry36
6666227813FlashbackRetrospection, where an earlier event is inserted into the normal chronology of the narrative37
6666232742Free VersePoetry that is characterized by varying line lengths, lack of traditional meter, and nonrhyming lines38
6666448647GenreA type of class of literature such as epic or narrative or poetry or belles letters39
6666452349HyperboleOverstatement characterized by exaggerated language40
6666454757IambicA metrical form in which each foot consists of a unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one41
6666457624ImageryBroadly defined, any sensory detail or evocation in a work; the use of figurative language to evoke a feeling42
6666463280Informal DictionLanguage that is not as lofty or impersonal as formal diction, similar to everyday speech43
6666468717In medias res"In the midst of things"; refers to opening a story in the middle of the action, necessitating filling in past details by exposition or flashback44
6666472631IronyA situation or statement characterized by significant difference between what is expected or understood and what actually happens or is meant. Often humorous or sarcastic45
6666477357JargonSpecialized or technical language of a trade, profession, or similar group.46
6666481196JuxtapostionThe location of one thing as being adjacent or juxtaposed with another.47
6666487566Limited POVA perspective confined to a single character, whether a first person or third person; the reader cannot know for sure what is going on in the minds of the other characters48
6666492340LitoteA figure of speech that emphasizes its subject by conscious understatement. "not bad" for exceptional work49
6666496618Loose SentenceA sentence grammatically correct, and usually stating its main idea, before the end50
6666504249LyricOriginally designed poems meant to be sung to the accompaniment of a lyre; now any short poem in which the speaker expresses intense personal emotion51
6666511653MessageA misleading term for "theme". The central idea or statement of a story, or area of inquiry or explanation52
6666520466MetaphorOne thing pictured as if it were something else, suggesting a likeness or analogy between them.53
6666524175MeterThe more or less regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry54
6677932758MetonymyA figure of speech in which an attribute or commonly associated figure is used to name or designate something55
6677939539MoodA feeling of ambiance resulting from the tone of a piece as well as the writer/narrator's attitude and POV56
6677945175MotifA recurrent device, formula, or situation that often serves as a signal for the appearance of a character or event57
6677951529Narrative StructureA textual organization based on sequences of connected events, usually presented in a straightforward, chronological framework58
6677960382NarratorThe "character" who "tells" the story, also known as the persona59
6677964541Occasional PoemA poem written about or for a specific occasion, public or private. An epithalamium is a wedding poem, for example60
6677973926OdeA lyrical poem that is somewhat serious in subject and treatment, elevated in style and uses elaborate stanza structure61
6677982669Omniscient POVA perspective that can be seen from all the character's views. Access to all perceptions and thoughts62
6677988378OnomatopoeiaA word capturing or approximating the sound of what it describes. "buzz"63
6678013469OverstatementExaggerated language, also called hyperbole64
6678016029OxymoronA figure of speech that combines two apparently contradictory elements, as in "wise fool"65
6678019066ParableA short fiction that illustrates an explicit moral lesson through the use of an analogy66
6678024684ParadoxA statement that seems contradictory, but may actually be true. "fight for peace"67
6678032708ParodyA work that imitates another work for comic effect by exaggerating the style and changing the content of the original68
6678037244Parallel StructureThe use of similar forms of writing for nouns, verbs, phrases, or thoughts69
6678045068PastoralA poem that describes the simple life of country folk, usually shepherds70
6678050516Periodic SentenceA sentence which is not grammatically correct until the end71
6678054912PersonaThe voice or figure of the author who tells and structures the story and who may or may not share the values of the actual author72
6678059233PersonificationTreating an abstraction or nonhuman object as if it were a person (giving it human qualities)73
6678065548Petrarchan SonnetItalian Sonnet; One octave and one sestet. abba abba cde cde rhyme scheme74
6678071632PlotThe arrangement of the narration based on the cause-effect relationship of the events75
6678078421ProtagonistThe main character in a work, who may or may not be heroic76
6678079733QuatrainA poetic stanza of four lines77
6678082779RealismThe practice in literature of attempting to describe nature and life without idealism and with attention to detail78
6678087471RefrainA repeated stanza of line(s) in a poem or song79
6678091202Rising ActionThe development of action in a work, usually at the beginning80
6678093470RhymeThe repetition of the same or similar sounds, most often at the ends of lines81
6678096073RhythmThe modulation of weak and strong (stressed and unstressed) elements in the flow of speech82
6678100038SarcasmA form of verbal irony in which apparent praise is actually harshly or bitterly critical83
6678103745SatireA literary work that holds up human failings to ridicule and censure84
6678107036ScansionThe analysis of verse to show its meter85
6678108614SettingThe time and place of the action in a story, poem, or play86
6678115605Shakespearean SonnetAlso called an English Sonnet; The quatrains, one couplet. abab cdcd efef gg rhyme scheme87
6678125633Shaped VerseAnother name for concrete poetry. Poetry that is shaped like an object88
6678130381SimileA direct, explicit comparison to one thing or another, using the words "like" or "as"89
6678135321SoliloquyA monologue in which the character in a play is alone and speaking only to themself90
6678141156SpeakerThe person who is the voice of a poem91
6678143015StanzaA section of a poem demarcated by extra line spacing92
6678146069SterotypeA characterization based on conscious or unconscious assumptions that some one aspect, such as gender, age, etc are accompanied by certain characteristics or values93
6678155219Stock CharacterOne who appears in a number of stories or plays such as the cruel stepmother94
6678159360StyleA distinctive manner of expression95
6678161155SymbolismA person, place, thing, event, or pattern in a literary work that designates itself and at the same time figuratively represents or "stands for" something else96
6678169604SynecdocheWhen a part is used to signify a whole, as in "all hands on deck"97
6678172574SyntaxThe way words are put together to form phrases, clauses, or sentences98
6678177696Terza RimaA verse form consisting of three-line stanzas in which the second line of each rhymes with the first and third of the next.99
6678183497ThemeA generalized, abstract paraphrase of the inferred central of dominant idea or concern of a work100
6678186750ToneThe attitude a literary work takes toward its subject and theme101
6678189050TragedyA drama in which a character is brought to a disastrous end in his or her confrontation with a superior force102
6678195787TrocheeA metrical form in which each foot consists of stressed syllable followed by an unstressed one103
6678198850Turning PointThe third part of plot structure, the point at which the action stops rising and begins falling or reversing104

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