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AP Literature - Literary Terms Flashcards

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5484633518alliterationIt is a stylistic device in which a number of words, having the same first consonant sound, occur close together in a series.0
5484633519allusionA brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance.1
5484633522antagonistA character or force in conflict with the main character2
5484633523anaphoraA rhetorical figure of repetition in which the same word or phrase is repeated in (and usually at the beginning of) successive lines, clauses, or sentences.3
5484633524anastropheInversion of the natural or usual word order4
5484633525antithesisA balancing of two opposite or contrasting words, phrases, or clauses.5
5484633526aphorismA brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life.6
5484633527apostropheA figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love.7
5484633534conceitA fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects.8
5484633546enjambmentA run-on line of poetry in which logical and grammatical sense carries over from one line into the next.9
5484633551foreshadowingA narrative device that hints at coming events; often builds suspense or anxiety in the reader.10
5484633560hyperboleA figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor11
5484633562imageryDescriptive or figurative language in a literary work; the use of language to create sensory impressions.12
5484633563ironyA contrast or discrepancy between what is stated and what is really meant, or between what is expected to happen and what actually does happen.13
5484633564verbal ironyIn this type of irony, the words literally state the opposite of the writer's true meaning14
5484633565situational ironyOccurs when the outcome of a work is unexpected, or events turn out to be the opposite from what one had expected15
5484633566dramatic ironyIrony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play.16
5484633568juxtapositionPlacement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts17
5484633570metaphorA comparison that establishes a figurative identity between objects being compared.18
5484633572metonymyA figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it19
5484633573moodFeeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader20
5484633574motif(n.) a principal idea, feature, theme, or element; a repeated or dominant figure in a design21
5484633582onomatopoeiaA figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words.22
5484633583oxymoronA figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.23
5484633585parableA simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson24
5484633586paradoxA statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.25
5484633592personificationA figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes26
5484633594point of viewThe perspective from which a story is told27
5484633597protagonistChief character in a dramatic or narrative work, usually trying to accomplish some objective or working toward some goal.28
5484633598punA joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound alike but have different meanings.29
5484633599quatrain4 line stanza30
5484633601rhetorical questionA question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer31
5484633612symbolA thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract.32
5484633613synecdochea figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa33
5484633615themeA topic of discussion or writing; a major idea broad enough to cover the entire scope of a literary work.34
5484633616toneA writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels.35
5484633617understatementthe presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is.36
5484729193analogya comparison between two things, typically on the basis of their structure and for the purpose of explanation or clarification.37
5484732555asidehappens when a character's dialogue is spoken but not heard by the other actors on the stage. Asides are useful for giving the audience special information about the other characters onstage or the action of the plot.38
5484739403characterizationThe act or an instance of characterizing. A description of qualities or peculiarities: a list of places of interest, with brief characterizations of each. Representation of a character or characters on the stage or in writing, especially by imitating or describing actions, gestures, or speeches.39
5484742884Chiasmusa rhetorical or literary figure in which words, grammatical constructions, or concepts are repeated in reverse order, in the same or a modified form; e.g. 'Poetry is the record of the best and happiest moments of the happiest and best minds.40
5484746358Climaxparticular point in a narrative at which the conflict or tension hits the highest point. Climax is a structural part of a plot and is at times referred to as a crisis.41
5484757088Colloquialismis the use of informal words, phrases or even slang in a piece of writing. Colloquial expressions tend to sneak in as writers, being part of a society, are influenced by the way people speak in that society.42
5484759560ComplicationAn intensification of the conflict in a story or play. Complication builds up, accumulates, and develops the primary or central conflict in a literary work.43
5484763681DialectThe language used by the people of a specific area, class, district or any other group of people. The term dialect involves the spelling, sounds, grammar and pronunciation used by a particular group of people and it distinguishes them from other people around them.44
5484781806Deus ex MachinaDeus ex Machina is a rather debatable and often criticized form of literary device. It refers to the incidence where an implausible concept or character is brought into the story in order to make the conflict in the story resolve and to bring about a pleasing solution.45
5484786089EpigramEpigram is a rhetorical device that is a memorable, brief, interesting and surprising satirical statement. It has originated from a Greek word, epigramma, meaning inscription or to inscribe.46
5484794970ExaggerationExaggeration is a term for a figure of speech. ... Overstatement is another word that means almost the same thing.47
5484796404ExpositionExposition is a literary device used to introduce background information about events, settings, characters etc. to the audience or readers.48
5484799336First PersonFirst person narrative is a point of view (who is telling a story) where the story is narrated by one character at a time.49
5484804503Herione1. a mythological or legendary woman having the qualities of a hero b : a woman admired and emulated for her achievements and qualities. 2 a : the principal female character in a literary or dramatic work b : the central female figure in an event or period.50
5484809839IdiomThe term refers to a set expression or a phrase comprising two or more words. An interesting fact regarding the device is that the expression is not interpreted literally. The phrase is understood as to mean something quite different from what individual words of the phrase would imply.51
5484814071In medias resIn medias res is Latin for "into the middle of things." It usually describes a narrative that begins, not at the beginning of a story, but somewhere in the middle — usually at some crucial point in the action.52
5484816625InferenceInference is a literary device used commonly in literature and in daily life where logical deductions are made based on premises assumed to be true.53
5484821994Internal Conflictpsychological struggle within the mind of a literary or dramatic character, the resolution of which creates the plot's suspense: Hamlet's inaction is caused by internal conflict. 2. mental struggle arising from opposing demands or impulses. Compare external conflict.54
5484826405Litotesaffirming the positive by stating the negative is - an understatement.55
5484839959Metonymyword replacement56
5484841977Modus OperandiLatin for "method of operating". The term is often associated with police work, and it's a favorite of mystery writers.57
5484851235NarratorA person who tells a story; in literature, the voice that an author takes on to tell a story58
5484855712Pathetic fallacys a literary device wherein the author attributes human emotions and traits to nature or inanimate objects. For example, the following descriptions refer to weather and how it affects the mood, which can add atmosphere to a story: smiling skies, somber clouds, angry storm, or bitter winter.59
5484858878Pathosis a quality of an experience in life or a work of art that stirs up emotions of pity, sympathy and sorrow. Pathos can be expressed through words, pictures or even with gestures of the body. Pathos is an important tool of persuasion in arguments.60
5484862790Resolutionis the part of the story's plot line in which the problem of the story is resolved or worked out. This occurs after the falling action and is typically where the story ends.61
5484865809Rhetoricis a technique of using language effectively and persuasively in spoken or written form. It is an art of discourse, which studies and employs various methods to convince, influence or please an audience.62
5484868506similecomparison between two things using like or as63
5484875711Stream of consciousnessis a method of narration that describes in words the flow of thoughts in the minds of the characters.64
5484880032Third person Limitedthe narrator only knows the thoughts and feelings of one character. All characters are described using pronouns, such as 'they', 'he', and 'she'. But, one character is closely followed throughout the story, and it is typically a main character.65
5484882930Third person omniscientis a method of storytelling in which the narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of all of the characters in the story66
5484890406Verisimilitudeis the extent to which the literary text is believable, or the extent to which it imitates life. Even when stories are far-fetched, such as with science fiction, readers must be willing to "suspend disbelief" and think that the story could actually occur.67

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