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AP Literature: Literary Terms Flashcards

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5355350473accentrhythmically significant stress on the syllables of a verse usually at regular intervals0
5355350474allegorya work of art, such as a story or painting, in which the characters, images, and/or events act as symbols; the symbolism in an allegory can be interpreted to have a deeper meaning1
5355350475alliterationthe occurrence of the same letter/sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words2
5355350476allusionused to reference another object outside of the work of literature3
5355350477annotationa note of explanation or comment added to a text or diagram4
5355350478antagonista character, group of characters, or other force that presents an obstacle or is in direct conflict with the protagonist5
5355350479apostrophewhen a speaker breaks off from addressing one party and instead addresses a third party; this third party may be an individual, either present or absent in the scene6
5355350480archetypea reoccurring symbol or motif throughout literature that represents universal patterns of human nature7
5355350481asidewhen a character's dialogue is spoken but not heard by the other actors on the stage8
5355350482assonancerepetition of a vowel sound or diphthong in non-rhyming words9
5355350483bildungsromana coming-of-age story, which focuses on a narrative of a young adult growing morally and psychologically into an adult10
5355350484blank versea type of poetry written in a regular meter that does not contain rhyme; most commonly written in iambic pentameter11
5355350485caesuraa complete stop in a line of poetry; formed by the rhythms of natural speech12
5355350486carpe diemcommon moral/theme in classical literature that the reader should make the most out of life and should enjoy it before it ends13
5355350487catharsisthe release of emotions such as pity, sadness, and fear; involves the change of extreme emotion to lead to internal restoration and renewal14
5355350488dynamic charactera literary character who undergoes an important inner change15
5355350489static charactera literary character who undergoes little or no inner change16
5355350490flat charactera literary character who is relatively uncomplicated and does not change throughout the course of a work17
5355350491round charactera literary character who is complex and undergoes development, sometimes sufficiently to surprise the reader18
5355350492chorusgroup of people that sang, danced, and made comments about the action on stage; gave you key information about events happening off stage19
5355350493clichean expression that has been overused to the extent that it loses its original meaning or novelty20
5355350494colloquialuse of informal words, phrases, or slang in a piece of writing21
5355350495conflicta literary element that involves a struggle between two opposing forces22
5355350496connotationthe emotional or cultural association with that word rather than its dictionary definition; not the explicit meaning of the word, but rather the meaning that the word implies23
5355350497consonancea literary device in which a consonant sound is repeated in words that are in close proximity24
5355350498conventiondefining features of particular literary genres; features or practices of certain genres that readers or audiences understand, recognize and accept as techniques to facilitate the plot25
5355350499coupleta successive pair of lines in a poem; generally rhyme with each other and contain the same meter26
5355350500crisisliterary work moment of greatest intensity - thereafter resolved27
5355350501denotationthe actual definition of the word rather than the nuances of its meaning or the feelings it implies28
5355350502dialectthe variety of a language that a group of people speak, separated either by geography, class, or ethnicity; most often applied to the different speech patterns of people from different regions29
5355350503dictionthe choice of words and style of expression that an author makes and uses in a work of literature30
5355350504dramatic monologuetype of poem in which speaker is directly addressing and talking to some other person31
5355350505elegya mournful poem, usually written in remembrance of a lost one for a funeral or as a lament; tells the traffic story of an individual, or an individual's loss, rather than the collective story of a people32
5355350506end-stopped linea poetic device in which a pause comes at the end of a syntactic unit33
5355350507enjambmenta term used in poetry to refer to lines that end without punctuation and without completing a sentence or clause34
5355350508epiclong narrative poem in which heroes of great historical or legendary importance perform valorous deeds35
5355350509epigrama metaphorical device that is a memorable, brief, interesting, and surprising satirical statement36
5355350510epiphanymoment in story where character achieves realization or awareness of something important37
5355350511fixed formverse follows a fixed way of being written38
5355350512flashbackinterruptions that writers do to insert past events39
5355350513foila character who contrasts with another to highlight particular qualities of another character40
5355350514footcombination of stressed and unstressed syllables41
5355350515foreshadowinga literary device in which the author gives clues about events that will happen later in the story42
5355350516forman arrangement of the elements in a composition43
5355350517free versefree from limitations of regular meter or rhythm in poetry44
5355350518genrecategory of literary composition45
5355350519hamartiathe fatal flaw in a protagonist or hero that leads to this character's downfall46
5355350520hubrisan extreme expression of pride or self-confidence in a character47
5355350521hyperbolethe use of obvious and deliberate exaggeration48
5355350522iambic pentametera line of verse with five metrical feet, each consisting of one short (or unstressed) syllable followed by one long (or stressed) syllable49
5355350523imagerydescription that appeals to the five senses50
5355350524dramatic ironyirony that is inherent in speeches or a situation of a drama and is understood only by the audience51
5355350525tragic ironythe use of dramatic irony in a tragedy, so that the audience is aware that a character's words or actions will bring about a tragic or fatal result, while the character himself is not52
5355350526sarcasmmeant to mock with satirical remarks53
5355350527juxtapositiontwo or more things placed together to compare/contrast54
5355350528lineunit of language in which a poem/play is divided55
5355350529controlling metaphordominates an entire literary piece; a symbolic story, where the whole poem may be a metaphor for something else; motif56
5355350530extended metaphorintroduced and further developed throughout all or part of a work57
5355350531implied metaphorcompares two unlike things without mentioning them58
5355350532metonymyreplaces name of a thing with name of something closely associated with it59
5355350533synecdochea metaphor that uses a part of an object to represent the whole thing60
5355350534metaphysical conceitsets up an analogy between two entities that would not usually invite comparison, often drawing connections between the physical and the spiritual61
5355350535meterunit of rhyme in poetry62
5355350536moodevokes certain feelings or vibes in reader through words; atmosphere63
5355350537motifany recurring element that has symbolic significance in the story64
5355350538narrative framea plot device in which the author places the main narrative of his or her work within another narrative65
5355350539narrative poemform of poetry that tells a story66
5355350540first-person narratorpoint of view where story is narrated by one character67
5355350541omniscient narratornarrator knows thoughts and feelings of every character68
5355350542unreliable narratorcredibility has been compromised69
5355350543octaveverse consisting of 8 lines of iambic pentameter70
5355350544onomatopoeiaword that imitates sounds71
5355350545oxymorona figure of speech in which two seemingly opposing and contradictory elements are juxtaposed; often reveal a paradox72
5355350546paradoxcontrary to expectations, beliefs, opinions - but may include a latent truth73
5355350547parallel structurerepetition of same patterns of words/phrases within a sentence or passage74
5355350548anaphoradeliberate repetition of first part of sentence for artistic effect75
5355350549personificationfigure of speech in which a thing, an idea, or animal is given human attributes76
5355350550Freytag's Triangleplot structure of a literary work - exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution77
5355350551expositionsets scene78
5355350552rising actionstory builds79
5355350553climaxmoment of greatest tension in a story80
5355350554falling actionevents happen as a result of climax - story coming to a close81
5355350555resolutionsolves conflict82
5355350556denouementoccurs just after the climax and is the final moment in which there is resolution for any remaining conflicts in the plot; all the loose ends of the plot are tied up in this last scene, secrets are revealed, and there may be a sense of catharsis for the reader or audience member at this point83
5355350557point of viewposition from which something is observed84
5355350558objective point of viewno emotions; just facts85
5355350559prose poempoetry written in prose instead of verse but with poetic qualities86
5355350560protagonistmain character87
5355350561quatrainstanza of four lines - alternate rhymes88
5355350562reversalobservable change in direction89
5355350563romanticismstyle of literature in 18th and 19th centuries that emphasized imagination and emotions90
5355350564eye rhymesimilarity in spelling91
5355350565end rhymeend with words that sound the same92
5355350566internal rhymerhyme involving a word in a middle of a line, at end, in middle93
5355350567near rhymerhyming in which words sound the same but not perfectly94
5355350568rhyme schemeordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines95
5355350569rhythmpattern of stressed and unstressed beats96
5355350570satireuse of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to criticize people97
5355350571sestetlast six lines of a sonnet98
5355350572settingtime and place99
5355350573similecomparison using "as" or "like"100
5355350574soliloquyused in drama to reveal the innermost thoughts of a character; act of speaking one's thoughts101
5355350575Petrarchan Sonnetoctave with rhyme scheme "abbaabba" and of a sestet with one of several rhyme schemes102
5355350576Shakespearean Sonnetthree quatrains and a terminal couplet in iambic pentameter with "abab cdcd efef gg"103
5355350577speakervoice behind poem104
5355350578stanzadivision of four or more lines a fixed length, meter, rhyming scheme105
5355350579stream of consciousnessmethod of narration that describes in words the flow of thoughts in the minds of the characters106
5355350580stressemphasis on certain syllables107
5355350581subplotplot subordinate to main plot of literary work108
5355350582symbolsignifies ideas/qualities by giving them meanings109
5355350583syntaxhow words form a sentence; style of writing structure110
5355350584themeconcept and moral of story111
5355350585thesissummarizes main point/claim of essay and is developed throughout work112
5355350586toneattitude of author toward subject/audience113
5355350587tragedypresents a serious subject about human suffering and corresponding terrible events114
5355350588tragic flawtrait in character leading to his/her downfall115
5355350589versesingle line of poetry116

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