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AP Literature Literary Terms: Prose Flashcards

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10714551910AllegoryA literary work in which characters, objects, actions, or the story as a whole, represent abstractions or symbols0
10714555477AmbiguityThe multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.1
10714558215AnalogyA comparison of two different things that are similar in some way2
10714559256Anaphorathe repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses3
10714562594InversionInverted order of words in a sentence4
10714563979anecdoteA brief narrative that focuses on a particular incident or event.5
10714566037Antithesiscontrasting ideas laid out with the structure of the sentence. ex. One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.6
10714567262Chiasmusa reversal in the order of words in two otherwise parallel phrases; gives the sentence a different meaning ex. One should eat to live, not live to eat.7
10714573092Anthromorphismattributing human characteristics to an animal or inanimate object; but this personification is sustained throughout the literary piece8
10714578649AphorismA brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life.9
10714581126AsydentonCommas used (with no conjunctions) to separate a series of words. ex. "I came, I saw, I conquered"10
10714586574foil characterA character who is used as a contrast to another character; the contrast emphasizes the differences between the two characters, bringing out the distinctive qualities in each.11
10714589901Classic HeroAttractive, successful; embodies the values of his society, capable, wins in the end12
10714591610Everyman Heroa hero that is an everyday person; not unique13
10714593083Anti-heroa central character in a story, movie, or drama who lacks conventional heroic attributes.14
10714594268tragic heroA literary character who makes an error of judgment or has a fatal flaw that, combined with fate and external forces, brings on a tragedy15
10714596134clichea worn-out idea or overused expression16
10714596637Colloquialisminformal words or expressions not usually acceptable in formal writing; voice of narrator17
10714598057ConnotationAll the meanings, associations, or emotions that a word suggests18
10714599225DenotationThe dictionary definition of a word19
10714600004DialectA regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation.20
10714604991DictionA writer's or speaker's choice of words21
10714605625didacticintended to instruct, has educational purpose; can characterize the tone of author22
10714607950Epigraphthe use of a quotation at the beginning of a work that hints at or foreshadows its theme23
10714609360EpistropheRepetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive clauses24
10714610674FableA brief story that leads to a moral, often using animals as characters25
10714614343dramatic ironyIrony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play.26
10714615095situational ironyirony involving a situation in which actions have an effect that is opposite from what was intended, so that the outcome is contrary to what was expected.27
10714616079JuxtapositionPlacement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts28
10714617271LitotesA form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite ex. The ice cream was not too bad.29
10714631522local colorwriting which presents the mannerisms, dress, speech and customs of a particular geographical region; gives an impression based on these factors30
10714633521loose sentenceA type of sentence in which the main idea comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses. ex. I went to the movies yesterday, bought candy, and shopped at the mall.31
10714641031extended metaphorA metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.32
10714642955dead metaphora metaphor that has been used so often that the comparison is no longer vivid33
10714643786Metonymya metaphor or symbol that most people would recognize; substituting the name of one object for another object closely associated with it34
10714647622MotifA recurring theme, subject or idea that may help foreshadow something later on35
10714651230faulty narratora narrator who the reader does not trust and the author does not support; could be because of childishness, insanity or falsehood36
10714652891Oxymoronconjoining contradictory terms ex. deafening silence37
10714655037ParableA simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson38
10714655817ParadoxA statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth. ex. Jesus' blood washes us white as snow39
10714660238parallel structurethe way the sentence is structured shows a repeat in which the two parts go together ex. chiasmus, antithesis, juxtaposition40
10714936645ParodyA work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.41
10714937126periodic sentenceA sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end.42
10714939024SatireA literary work that uses exaggeration and humor to get a point across or to criticize human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies43
10714943501stream of consciousnessa style of writing that portrays the inner (often chaotic) workings of a character's mind.44
10714944539SyntaxSentence structure45
10714945536Stylethe author's syntax and diction; which words are used and how they are used46
10714947345synechdochewhere a part stands for the whole ex. All hands on deck47
10714949348tall talean outrageously exaggerated, humorous story that is obviously unbelievable48
10714952326ThemeCentral idea of a work of literature, often author's message on a certain topic49
10714955779ToneAttitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character that affects the overall mood50
10714957289Understatementthe opposite of exaggeration. It is a technique for developing irony and/or humor where one writes or says less than intended. ex. You're not bad at math.51
10714958761VernacularEveryday language of ordinary people52
10714959410voiceThe real or assumed personality used by a writer or speaker; the way we are able to get to know the character and their qualities through the way they speak or think.53

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