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AP Literature: Mythological Allusions Flashcards

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7337309219Achilles' heelone spot that is most vulnerable; one weakness a person may have.0
7337309220Adonishandsome young man; Aphrodite loved him1
7337309221Aeoliananything pertaining to win; god who was Keeper of Wind2
7337309222Apolloa physically perfect male; the God of music and light; known for his beauty3
7337309223Argus-eyedomniscient, all-seeing; the 100-eyed monster4
7337309224Athena/Minervagoddess of wisdom, the city, and arts; patron goddess of the city of Athens5
7337309226Auroraearly mornings or sunrise; from the Roman personification of Dawn or Eos6
7337309231Centaura monster that has a head, arms, and chest of man, but the body/legs of a hourse7
7337309232Chimeraa horrible creature of the imagination, an absurd or impossible idea; wild fancy; a monster with a lion's head, a goat's body, and a serpent's tail, supposed to breath out fire8
7337309233Cupideager "desire" to possess something; greed or avarice; Roman god of love (Greek = Eros)9
7337309235Furieswild enthusiasm or excitement, rage; fury10
7337309236Gorgon (medusa)a very ugly/terrible person, especially a repulsive woman; one or three sisters have snakes for hair and faces so horrible that anyone who looked at them would turn into stone11
7337309237Halcyonclam, peaceful, tranquil--Archaic bird supposed to breed in a nest on the sea and calm water; identified with the kingfisher12
7337309238Harpya predatory person or nagging woman; from harpy, a foul creature that was part woman and part bird13
7337309239Hectorto bully; the son of Priam (king of Troy) and the braves Trojan warrior. Killed Achilles' friend Patroclus.14
7337309240Helen (of Troy)Hellenistic; of or relating to Greece; symbol of a beautiful woman; the daughter of Leda and Zeus--the cause of the Trojan war15
7337309241Herculeanvery strong or extraordinary power; Hera's glory, the son of Zeus. He performed the 12 labors imposed by Hera.16
7337309242Hydra-Headedhaving many centers of branches, hard to bring under control; something bad that you cannot eradicate; the nine-headed serpent that was sacred to Hera. Hercules killed him in one of the 12 labors.17
7337309243Iridiscent/Irisa play of colors producing a rainbow effect; the goddess of the rainbow18
7337309244Jovialgood humored; used to express surprise or agreement (Jupiter)19
7337309245Junoesquemarked by stately beauty; the wife of Jupiter, the Goddess of light, birth, women, and marriage20
7337309246Lethen. abnormal drowsiness or inertia; a river in Hades that caused drinkers to forget their past21
7337309247Martial / Marssuited for war or a warrior; the Roman God of War22
7337309248Medeasorceress or enchantress; helped Jason and the Argonatus capture the Golden Fleece; known for her revenge against Jason when he spurned her for the princess of Corinth23
7337309250Mercurialsuddenly, cranky, or changeable24
7337309251Mercury/Hermesa carrier or tidings, a newsboy, a messenger; messenger of the gods, conductor of souls to the lower world, and god of eloquence; the fabled inventor, wore winged hat and sandals25
7337309253Morphinea bitter white, crystalline alkaloid used to relieve pain and induce sleep; Morpheus was a god that could easily change form or shape26
7337309254Musesome creature of inspiration; the daughters of Mnemosyne and Zeus, divine singers that presided over thought in all of its form27
7337309255Narcissismin love with one's own image; a handsome young man who despised love. Echo, a nymph, who was in love with him, was rejected and decreed, "Let he who loves not others, love himself." Hearing this, he fell in love with himself and while gazing a image of himself in the pond, fell and drowned as he tried to recapture it.28
7337309256Nemesisjust punishment, one who inflicts due punishment; goddess who punished crime; she is the power charged with curbing all excess, such as excessive good fortune or arrogant pride.29
7337309257Neptunethe sea personified; the Roman god associated with Poseidon, god of water and oceans30
7337309258Niobemournful woman; whose children were slain by Apollo and Artemis because of her bragging; the gods pitied her and turned her into a rock that was always wet from weeping31
7337309259Odysseya long journey, makes his long journey back from the Trojan War, encountering several long obstacles along the way32
7337309260Olympianmajestic in manner, superior to mundane affairs; any participant in the ancient or modern Olympic games; named after 12 gods that were supposed to reside on Mt. Olympus33
7337309261Paeana song of joy; a ritual epithet of Apollo the healer; In Homeric poems, an independent god of healing, who took care of Hades34
7337309262Pandora's Boxsomething that opens the door for bad occurrences, opened by someone known for curiosity; was the first mortal, sent by Zeus, to punish man from Prometheus' theft of fire. For her curiosity on opening the box, Zeus gave her all human ills in the world, leaving only hope at the bottom35
7337309263ParnassusMountain was sacred to arts and literature; any center of poetic or artistic activity; poetry or poets collectively, a common title for selection of poetry; the son of Poseidon and a Nymph. He founded the oracle of Python, which was later occupied by Apollo36
7337309264PegasusPoetic inspiration; named after a winged horse which sprang from the blood of Medusa at her death; a stamp of his hoof caused Hippocrene, the fountain of Muses to issue poetic inspiration from Mount Helicone37
7337309265Phoenixsymbol of immortality or rebirth; a long bird which lived in the Arabian desert and then consumed itself in fire, rising renewed from the flame to start another life38
7337309266Plutocracya government by the wealthy; the "Rich Man," who was originally the god of the fields b/c the ground was the source of all wealth/ores/jewels39
7337309267Prometheanlife-bringing, creative, or courageously original; named after the Titan who brought man the use of fire which he had stolen from heaven for their benefit40
7337309268Proteanversatile, taking many forms; a god of the sea, charged with tending the flocks of the sea creatures belonging to Poseidon. He had the ability to change himself into whatever he desired, using the power particularly when he wanted to elude certain questions.41
7337309269Psychethe human soul, self, the mind; a man who, after undergoing many hardships due to Aphrodite's jealousy, reunited with Cupid and was made immortal by Jupiter; she personifies the soul joined to the heart of love42
7337309270Pygmalionsomeone (male) who tries to fashion someone into the person he desires; from a myth adapted into a play by George Bernard Shaw; a woman-hating sculptor who makes a female figure of ivory who Aphrodite brings into life43
7337309271Pyrrhic victoryadj. too costly victory; a Greek king who defeated the Romans but suffered extremely heavy losses in fight44
7337309272Saturnaliaa period of unrestrained revelry, with general feasting in revelry in honor of the winter solstice45
7337309273Sibyla witch or sorceress; a priestess who made known the oracles of Apollo and possessed the gift of prophecy46
7337309274Sisypheangreedy and avaricious; from the shrewd and greedy king of Corinth, was doomed forever in Hades to roll uphill a heavy stone, which rolled back down again47
7337309276Stygiandark and gloomy; a river in the Underworld. The water is poisonous for human and cattle and said to break iron, metal, and pottery though it is said a horse's hoof is unharmed by it48
7337309277Tantalizefrom King Tantalus, who reigned on Mt. Sipylus and was condemned to reside in a beautiful river with sumptuous fruits just out of reach and the water undrinkable, always tempting him as punishment for excessive pride (he boiled his son and fed the broth to trick the gods)49
7337309279Titaniclarge, grand, enormous; after Tityus, a giant, the son of Zeus and Elara. His body covers over 2 acres. Or after the titans, the offspring of Chronus and Rhea, who went to war against Zeus and the other Olympian gods50
7337309281Vulcanize / Vulcanto treat rubber with sulfur to increase strength and elasticity; from Roman God of Fore and Metallurgy, Vulcan/Hephaestus51
7337309282Zeusa powerful man; king of the gods, ruler of Mt. Olympus, vengeful hurler of thunderbolts52
7392771561Bacchus / DionysusGod of the vine, grape harvest, winemaking, wine, ritual madness, religious ecstasy, and Theatre53
7392777009ZephyrZephuros the god of the west wind, and the bringer of light and early spring breezes54

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