Terms : Hide Images
| 6719559355 | alliteration | peter piper picked a peck of pickled peppers emphasizes particular area of text, imply certain mood overall, convey idea or emotion repetition "s" implies slyness repetition hard "t" implies very determined, sharp, percussive (striking) repetition "h" implies soft soothing effect | 0 | |
| 6719559356 | bildungsroman | a novel or story whose theme is the moral or psychological growth of the main character. | 1 | |
| 6719559357 | satire | literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies. | 2 | |
| 6719561294 | carpe diem | "seize the day"; a Latin phrase implying that one must live for the present moment, for tomorrow may be too late. | 3 | |
| 6719561295 | analogy | a comparison in which an idea or a thing is compared to another thing. to extend or elaborate on an idea. | 4 | |
| 6719561296 | apostrophe | figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love, detach from reality, can show desperation, or can take away from the mystery of a vague ideal "death" by bringing it to level of normal person, reinforces subject | 5 | |
| 6719561297 | allusion | indirect reference to a history, myth, bible, figure, place, etc, give deeper insight to a story, reinforce subject, could be a foreshadow in characterization, easily recognizable, | 6 | |
| 6719564242 | foil | character who is in most ways opposite to the main character (protagonist) or one who is nearly the same as the protagonist. emphasizes the traits of the main character by contrast only | 7 | |
| 6719564243 | epitaph | an inscription on a tombstone; a brief comment about a deceased person, honor them as a tribute, brief and concise | 8 | |
| 6719564244 | eulogy | a spoken piece of writing in praise of the dead or living, uses anecdotes, memories of subject, commemorate, associate virtue and goodness with the sense of their presence, warns of mortality of all people | 9 | |
| 6719823283 | dirge | a funeral hymn or mournful speech, a lament for the dead | 10 | |
| 6719564245 | euphemism | indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant, using less abrasive form conveys sympathy with matter, or downplay impact of a statement to remove its mysticism again | 11 | |
| 6719564255 | understatement | deliberately decreases the severity of something, ironic/sarcastic/humorous effect, using less abrasive form conveys sympathy with matter, or downplay impact of a statement to remove its mysticism again | 12 | |
| 6719566424 | hyperbole | figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor, intesifier, relays emotion | 13 | |
| 6719566425 | irony | discrepancy between what is stated and what is really meant, incongruity, reveals a character's personality (naive, untrustworthy) or to condemn another by using it in sarcasm "honorable men", can be situational, verbal (understatement/overstatement), or dramatic (lead up to resolution) | 14 | |
| 6719567481 | paradox | arrest attention, provoke thought by an apparently self-contradictory or absurd statement, example are oxymorons, encompass tension of error and truth simultaneously "living death" | 15 | |
| 6719567482 | epiphany | character achieves realization or awareness, feeling of knowledge that casts new light in outlook, follow something insignificant being an inspiration, highlight a turning point in opinion of character | 16 | |
| 6719568849 | deus ex machina | solving intractable problem by an unexpected character, object, or situation, "god from the machine," often used as comedic, surprise the audience, generally looked down upon as ill-structuring (but that might be the author's message) | 17 | |
| 6719568850 | onomatopoeia | words written from sound associated with it, sound effect mimicking for expressive quality, "gushing stream" "whisper, hush", auditory imagery, immerse reader in the scene and mood | 18 | |
| 6719570610 | nostalgia | sentimental longing or wistful affection for the past, typically for a period or place with happy personal associations, shows desire for past time comparatively to present | 19 | |
| 6719571451 | litote | understatement using double negative, "not young" "not bad" "not uncommon", ironic effect, discuss discreet thing, attract attention to something by ignoring it | 20 | |
| 6719571452 | chiasmus | balancing and reversal of clauses, inverted grammatically and logically, "fair is foul and foul is fair", strike a relationship by parallelism, symmetry structure show definitive outline | 21 | |
| 6719571453 | doppelganger | ghostly double of a living person, twin, shadow, mirror image, reveal alter ego of a complex character, manifest inner conflict, force protagonist to distinctly define self, supernatural must reconcile identity | 22 | |
| 6719572395 | didactic | intended to instruct, tool for instruction, improve readers conduct by comprehending evils that may lead them astray, make position apparent to expose some evil | 23 | |
| 6719573384 | in media res | beginning narrative plunging into crucial situation, start with significant tension and question, gradually approach answer, removes tediety implying sense urgency | 24 | |
| 6719573383 | allegory | uses a conduit or vehicle to represent real world issues, illustrates complex ideas, emblematic characters/state, many layers | 25 | |
| 6719574723 | juxtaposition | placement two things closely together to emphasize by contrast, "Do not go gentle, rage", foil is character juxtaposition, can also reveal surprising similarities (love and war) | 26 | |
| 6719574724 | antihero | central character who lacks conventional heroic attributes, speaks to human frailties, can empathize without being disappointed by overly righteous, Macbeth | 27 | |
| 6719576065 | catharsis | purification and purgation of emotions, moral/spiritual renewal and liberation, emotional rejuvenation, Macbeth soliloquy intellectual clarification | 28 | |
| 6719576066 | epigraph | an inscription on a monument or building, on a coin, or at the beginning of a book or chapter, not an epitaph, thematic gatekeeper, set the mood, reinforce subject | 29 | |
| 6719576067 | motif | recurring theme, subject or element, fabric of story, not stand for anything but repeated element, heart of darkness observation/eavesdropping and interior/exterior motif, help comprehend underlying message | 30 | |
| 6719576068 | parallelism | similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses, adds balance and rhythmic flow, not exactly same as in chiasmus | 31 | |
| 6719578284 | equivocation | the use of deliberately ambiguous language to mislead or distort, faulty conclusion from seemingly valid argument, "none of woman born" | 32 | |
| 6719578285 | synecdoche | some part of whole represents the whole, "hands" for workers, dehumanized them emphasizing one part in the whole as valued, diminishing or minimizing else | 33 | |
| 6719578286 | metonymy | something associated with whole represents it, misnomer, "crown" for king, replace with a noun, emphasizing one part, diminishing or minimizing else | 34 | |
| 6719580137 | imagery | appeal to senses, visual, auditory, kinesthetic (vertical), gustatory, olfactory, vibrant graphic presentation of a scene, envision and immerse reader in an experience | 35 | |
| 6719580138 | realism | 1800s artistic movement whose aim was to represent the world as it is, middle class ordinary typical tedious insipid pragmatic disillusioned, speak in panaroma of greater society rather than one special individual, manifest cynicism from skepticism | 36 | |
| 6719581421 | idealism | the practice of forming or pursuing ideals, especially unrealistically, romanticism, reality lies in a realm transcending phenomena not materialism but fulfilment in consciousness | 37 | |
| 6719581422 | asyndeton | commas used (with no conjunction) to separate a series of words, speeds up flow of sentence. X, Y, Z as opposed to X, Y, and Z, succinct, compact, urgency to text, all happened in succession " i came i saw i conquered" | 38 | |
| 6719583219 | polysyndeton | use of consecutive coordinating conjunctions even when they are not needed. The effect is to render the reader somewhat breathless, listing like implies extensiveness, anxiety, exhilaration "we lived and laughed and loved and left" | 39 | |
| 6719583220 | assonance | repetition of internal vowels (a, e, i, o, u), sets mood by chainging pace either long/short vowel "glade" "rage" a- elongates, slows pace, somber, grave "poetry" "goes" o- makes seem old and mysterious | 40 | |
| 6719584135 | consonance | type of alliteration, repetition consonant sounds "chuckle, fickle, kick" in any part of the word, underscore emotion behind words, creates bouncing sounds, gives kinesthetic feel | 41 | |
| 6719584917 | ambiguity | uncertainty; vagueness, reader presumes, characters can be morally ambiguous (Macbeth), suggests that nothing is determined, largely flexible | 42 | |
| 6719584918 | foreshadowing | writer gives an advance hint of what is to come later in the story, creates atmosphere of suspense, could be a red herring for distraction, build anticipation and drama | 43 | |
| 6719591834 | anaphora | deliberate repetition in first part of sentence, creates an overarching sentiment, shows where attachment emotionally is, or nostalgic tone, patriotic inspiration, persuasion/motivation/encouragment | 44 | |
| 6719596225 | caesura | abrupt pause in the middle of a line of poetry, brings attention to preceding line, adds ominous tone, sudden break staccatto, indicated by II | 45 | |
| 6719597574 | amplification | embellish a sentence or statement by adding further information, offer multiple contexts for something, suggest progressive nature of something being amplified, exaggerate and further elaborate | 46 | |
| 6719598716 | oxymoron | two opposite ideas are joined to create an effect, same effect as paradox, ponder meaning of seemingly contradictory ideas, expresses their complex nature | 47 | |
| 6719598717 | cacophony | a mixture of harsh and inharmonious sounds, busy of discordant noises, usually explosive delivery sounds ch-, k-, t-, disorder and confusion industrial world, harsh, jarring, destructive implications, staccatto (if short and hard, imply brevity) | 48 | |
| 6719599953 | euphony | words having pleasant and harmonious effects, usually nasal sounds, like m-, n-, w-, "seasons mists mellow", soothing, peaceful | 49 | |
| 6719601966 | antithesis | statement in which two opposing ideas are balanced, "best of times, worst of times", same as juxtaposition, emphatic expression, highlights the conflict by emphasizing opposing forces | 50 | |
| 6719601967 | rhetorical question | question whose answer is assumed, a rhetorical question is designed to force the reader to respond in a predetermined manner, propel an argument emotionally, assault on adversaries "who's afraid of him? no one!" | 51 | |
| 6719603853 | simile | comparison using like or as, inspires life-like quality in ordinary objects "strong as an ox" | 52 | |
| 6719603854 | metaphor | comparison that establishes a figurative identity between objects, derive characteristic by association, appeal to senses "time is a thief" | 53 | |
| 6719614251 | archetype (prototype or superlative) | typical character that represents a universal pattern in human nature, collective unconscious of human race and culture, ex: hero, mother figure, innocent youth, mentor, scapegoat, villain, the journey | 54 | |
| 6719618087 | refrain (chorus) | repetition of a line instead of just words, kind of like anaphora, reinforce central message, lay emphasis | 55 | |
| 6724414337 | villanelle | 19 line patoral poem, five tercets and one quatrain, intro, development, conclusion, three segments, builds up intensity by refrain throughout of two lines that are used as a couplet at the end | 56 | |
| 6719625165 | flashback | present action is temporarily interrupted so that the reader can witness past events, provide context and sudden insight, reveal motives, deepen conflict, conveys secrets of a character | 57 | |
| 6719633020 | ballad | easy to understand language, stories of hardships, tragedies, love and romance, usually ambiguous, narration in four line stanzas | 58 | |
| 6719633021 | ode | poets praise people, natural scenes, and abstract ideas, solemn and serious tone, noble and lofty sentiments | 59 | |
| 6719633022 | soliloquy | long speech conveying innermost thoughts of speaker, supplies essential progress to character development, reveals dissatisfaction or inner turmoils, could be a catharsis | 60 | |
| 6719634203 | terza rima | a verse form with a rhyme scheme: aba bcb cdc, etc. in the divine comedy, 2 steps forward, 1 step back effect, revealing hesitation doubt, inability to advance | 61 | |
| 6719634204 | iambic pentameter | 10 syllables following stressed/unstressed pattern "so long as men can breathe or eyes can see" | 62 | |
| 6719634205 | meter | number of feet per line (pentameter is 5 feet per meter) | 63 | |
| 6719634206 | foot | made of 2 syllables, order of stressed and unstressed (iamb is stressed than stressed) | 64 | |
| 6719641725 | aestheticism | pursuit of beauty and elevation of taste, art for art's sake, give free rein to imagination and fantasy, immense use of symbols, sensuality, suggestion rather than statement, and synesthesia | 65 | |
| 6719644523 | blank verse | unrhymed poetry but with definitive verse | 66 | |
| 6719644524 | canon | an established set of principles or code of laws, often religious in nature, same as convention | 67 | |
| 6719647428 | cavalier | casual and offhand; arrogant | 68 | |
| 6719647438 | silver fork novels | depict lives of upperclass and aristocracy, emphasis on relation of sexes and marital affairs | 69 | |
| 6719650813 | conceit | a fanciful expression in writing or speech; an elaborate metaphor, invites a sophisticated understanding, it's like a metaphor where there's really no likeness so the ingenuity of it is more impactful than the justness "compass to love, metaphysical associates a bit of esotericism | 70 | |
| 6719651995 | epic | long narrative poem, written in heightened language, which recounts the deeds of a heroic character who embodies the values of a particular society, ballad is a shorter version | 71 | |
| 6719654665 | hamartia | fatal flow, personality errors that brings about character's downfall, hubris (pride), pity and fear of them, readers see good and bad, moral persuasion not to indulge | 72 | |
| 6719654666 | hegemony | the domination of one state or group over its allies, imperial dominance of group in society, culture, etc. | 73 | |
| 6719655699 | heroic couplet | couplets in iambic pentameter | 74 | |
| 6719655700 | italian sonnet | sonnet with an octave, volta, and sestet, iambic pentameter, abba-abba-cde-cde | 75 | |
| 6719655701 | english sonnet | three quatrains, one couplet, abab-cdcd-efef-gg, only shakespeare used it | 76 | |
| 6719660801 | lyric poetry | a type of emotional songlike poetry, distinguished from dramatic and narrative poetry | 77 | |
| 6719660802 | marginalization | groups lacking desirable traits are excluded from society, poor, uneducated, undesirable color and language, stay on the margin of acceptance by society unless there is social intervention | 78 | |
| 6719661884 | metaphysical | highly abstract or theoretical; lacking physical form, inventive use of conceits | 79 | |
| 6719663973 | personification | object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes, create sympathy for non-human character, boost emotional sensitivity "thunder roared in the evening" | 80 | |
| 6719666689 | relativism | doctrine that knowledge, truth, and morality exist in relation to culture, society, or historical context, and are not absolute | 81 | |
| 6719668868 | rhyme scheme | pattern of rhyming words at end of a poem | 82 | |
| 6719670578 | stream of concsiousness | reader is inside the character's mind, hearing his or her thoughts as they occur in an apparently jumbled and random order, interior monologue, gives freedom to character, interact with their id or impulsive thoughts | 83 | |
| 6719675309 | symbol | thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract, add multiple levels to work, more profound then surface | 84 | |
| 6725908563 | syllogism | general to specific, type of logical reasoning, same as top-down processing | 85 |
