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AP Literature Semester 1 Flashcards

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3525467473instigatingprovoking0
3525472507inquisitivecurious1
3525479008self-delusionthe act or state of deceiving oneself2
3525483329boastful nonchalancewhen someone is like oh well I just got a 2350 on the SAT whatever I could've done better.3
3525515433anticipationexpectation4
3525517731Thinly veiled cowardicewhen someone is a coward but they don't want to show it5
3525522028Evenhanded objectivitywhen the narrator shows both sides6
3525525197Idealismthe practice of forming or pursuing ideals, especially unrealistically7
3525528134Meddlesomefond of meddling; interfering: a gaggle of meddlesome politicians.8
3525531751Disparagingexpressing the opinion that something is of little worth; derogatory9
3525533853Alarmistcreating needless worry or panic: alarmist rumors.10
3525536201Piousmaking a hypocritical display of virtue:11
3525538881Moralistica person who teaches or promotes morality.12
3525540890Contentiouscausing or likely to cause an argument; controversial13
3525543286Patronizingtreat with an apparent kindness that betrays a feeling of superiority14
3525545749World-wearyfeeling or indicating feelings of weariness, boredom, or cynicism as a result of long experience of life15
3525552200Balanced syntactic opposition- when the clauses and words are balanced.-I am free; I am equal.16
3525554936Passive verb construction- when the verb is used in the passive voice, not active -Active: She lit the candle. -Passive- The candle was lit by her.17
3525557969Pastoral analogiesanalogies that allude to farm18
3525561367Double entendrea word or phrase open to two interpretations, one of which is usually risqué or indecent. - In Finding Nemo, the characters are told "Ok, everyone, think dirty thoughts!"19
3526004934Reificationmake (something abstract) more concrete or real: 'Fighting for justice.'20
3526011138Poetic licenseThe liberty taken by an artist or a writer in deviating from conventional form or fact to achieve a desired effect. -The infamous line from Julius Caesar: "Friends, Romans, Countrymen, lend me your ears" is one example as he has omitted the use of the word "and" after "Romans" in order to keep the line in iambic pentameter. Other examples include the contractions "o'er" and "e'er," which are commonly used in poetry.21
3526015284Authorial intrusionAuthorial Intrusion is an interesting literary device wherein the author penning the story, poem or prose steps away from the text and speaks out to the reader.22
3526016932Perfect rhymethe rhyme exemplified by homonyms, such as bear/bare or wear/where.23
3526019400Slant rhymea rhyme in which the stressed syllables of ending consonants match, however the preceding vowel sounds do not match. - For instance, in words such as "shape/keep" the consonance is very strong. The final consonant sounds remain similar but the ending vowel sounds are different in half rhyme. Similar to these two words, "moon" and "run" and in the words "hold" and "bald" the ending consonant sounds are similar, whereas vowel sounds are different.24
3526022409Stanzaa group of lines forming the basic recurring metrical unit in a poem; a verse. -Example: a chunk in The Odyssey25
3526025738Heroic Coupleta traditional form for English poetry, commonly used in epic and narrative poetry, and consisting of a rhyming pair of lines in iambic pentameter. -this passage from Cooper's Hill by John Denham, part of his description of the Thames: O could I flow like thee, and make thy stream My great example, as it is my theme! Though deep yet clear, though gentle yet not dull; Strong without rage, without o'erflowing full.26
3526027508Tercet-a set or group of three lines of verse rhyming together or connected by rhyme with an adjacent tercet. -An old silent pond? A frog jumps into the pond, splash! Silence again.27
3526040380Terza Rimaa rhyming verse stanza form that consists of an interlocking three-line rhyme scheme. It was first used by the Italian poet Dante Alighieri. -Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red, (b) Pestilence-stricken multitudes: O thou, (c) Who chariotest to their dark wintery bed (b)28
3526042709Cinquaina five-line poem that was invented by Adelaide Crapsey. -Listen... With faint dry sound, Like steps of passing ghosts, The leaves, frost-crisp'd, break from the trees And fall.29
3526044759Sestetthe last six lines of a sonnet.30
3526050118Octavea poem or stanza of eight lines31
3526050119Caesuraa pause near the middle of a line. For instance, when you say, "Maria has taken breaks," you take breath before further saying that, "But Adam did not," then again you take a little breath and say, "He fell on his ankle."32
3526054403Enjambent-the continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza.33
3526056805Feminine Rhyme-a rhyme that matches two or more syllables, usually at the end of respective lines, in which the final syllable or syllables are unstressed. -Yankee Doodle went to town A-riding on a pony He stuck a feather in his hat And called it macaroni34
3526058255Masculine Rhyme-a rhyme that matches only one syllable, usually at the end of respective lines. Often the final syllable is stressed. -Loveliest of trees, the cherry now Is hung with bloom along the bough.35
3526090679affectedinfluenced or touched by an external factor`36
3526092736Contemptuous-showing contempt; scornful37
3526094810Flippant-not showing a serious or respectful attitude38
3526094812Reluctant-unwilling and hesitant; disinclined39
3526098992Inconsolable-(of a person or their grief) not able to be comforted or alleviated40
3526098993Incongruous- not in harmony or keeping with the surroundings or other aspects of something41
3526101731Obsequious-obedient or attentive to an excessive or servile degree42
3526101732Censoriousness-severely critical of others43
3526103255Avuncular indulgence-suggestive of an uncle especially in kindliness or geniality 44
3526107626Melancholy-a feeling of pensive sadness, typically with no obvious cause45
3526107628Disdainful-showing contempt or lack of respect46
3526109221Melodramatic-characteristic of melodrama, especially in being exaggerated, sensationalized, or overemotional47
3526111950Contradiction-a combination of statements, ideas, or features of a situation that are opposed to one another48
3526113829Prevarication- speak or act in an evasive way49
3526113830Implication- the conclusion that can be drawn from something, although it is not explicitly stated50
3526116276Cause and Effect- the principle of causation.51
3526116277Loose Sentences-a type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases.52
3526118922Periodic sentences-a stylistic device employed at the sentence level, described as one that is not complete grammatically or semantically before the final clause or phrase.53
3526118923Cumulative sentences-a main clause followed by a series of subordinate constructions that gather details about a person, place, event, or idea.54
3526122007Symbol-a thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract55
3526122008Allegory-a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one56
3526123464First person narration-a point of view (who is telling a story) where the story is narrated by one character at a time57
3526125500Third person omniscient-This is a common form of third-person narration in which the teller of the tale, who often appears to speak with the voice of the author himself, assumes an omniscient (all-knowing) perspective on the story being told: diving into private thoughts, narrating secret or hidden events, jumping between spaces and times.58
3526140581Protagonist-the leading character or one of the major characters in a drama, movie, novel, or other fictional text.59
3526140582Antagonist-a person who actively opposes or is hostile to someone or something; an adversary60
3526143768Hero-A hero or heroine is a person or character who, in the face of danger and adversity or from a position of weakness, displays courage, bravery or self-sacrifice—that is, heroism—for some greater good61
3526143769Byronic hero-A seemingly ideal hero, though one with a hidden dark side.62
3526146091Unreliable narrator-a character whose telling of the story is not completely accurate or credible due to problems with the character's mental state or maturity.63
3526146133Objective narrative-a character in the story, but also knows the thoughts and feelings of all the other characters64
3526147729Impartial narrative-narrator presents the thoughts and actions of the characters and does not judge or comment on them65
3526159233Warninga statement or event that indicates a possible or impending danger, problem, or other unpleasant situation: a​warning about heavy thunderstorms66
3526160916Summarya brief statement or account of the main points of something: A​summary of chapter three of the Fountainhead67
3526160917Counterargumenta​n argument or set of reasons put forward to oppose an idea or theory developed in another argument.`68
3526164208Modifyingmake partial or minor changes, typically so as to improve it or to make it less e x t r e m e : s​h e m u s t b e p r e p a r e d t o m o d i f y h e r t h e s i s s t a t e m e n t69
3526165036R e f u t e :p​r o v e t o b e w r o n g o r f a l s e ; d i s p r o v e : t​h e s e c l a i m s h a v e b e e n c o n v i n c i n g l y r e f u t e d .70
3526169140Runon sentencea sentence in which two or more independent clauses are joined without an appropriate punctuation or conjunction: I​love to write papers I would write one every day if I had the time.71
3526171919Dramatic Theorya problem structuring method of operations research. It adapts the use of games to complex organisational situations, accounting for emotional responses that can provoke irrational reactions and lead the players to redefine the game:​Aristotle's poetics​from Ancient Greece and Bharata Muni's Natyasastra from ancient India.72
3526182383Cosmic Ironyth​e idea that fate, destiny, or a God controls and toys with human hopes and expectations; also, the belief that the universe is so large and man is so small that the universe is indifferent to the helping of man73
3526241577Verbal Ironyirony in which a person says or writes one thing and means another, or uses words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of the literal meaning74
3526243177Situational Ironyirony i​nvolving a situation in which actions have an effect that is opposite from what was intended, so that the outcome is contrary to what was expected75
3526244700I n f e r e n c e :a​ c o n c l u s i o n r e a c h e d o n t h e b a s i s o f e v i d e n c e a n d r e a s o n i n g .76
3526246998Rime Royala rhyming stanza form that was introduced into English poetry by Geoffrey Chaucer: seven line iambic pentameter rhyming ababbcc77
3526248798Ballad MeterIn each stanza, ballad metre needs to rhyme only the second and fourth lines, in the form ABCB (where A and C need not rhyme), while common metre must rhyme also the first and third lines, in the pattern ABAB.78
3526248944Trochaic hexameter ​a​ meter in poetry. It refers to a line of four trochaic feet.79
3526252558Lament(n.) a​passionate expression of grief or sorrow. (v.) mourn (a person's loss or death).80
3526257368Cynical gleegreat delight in something wrong81
3526259312Feigned sympathyfake sympathy82
3526261253Mirthfulfull of amusement, lots of laughter83
3526261254Inexorableimpossible to stop or prevent84
3526287038Abhorringregard with disgust and hatred85
3526287039Ficklechanging frequently, especially as regards one's loyalties, interests, or affection.86
3526295108Hedonisticengaged in the pursuit of pleasure; sensually selfindulgent87
3526296138Undefilednot wasted, not defiled, not impure, pure88
3526368705What are 6 types of rhymes?masculine feminine off slant imperfect internal89
3526409897Meterrhythm90
3526409899alliterationrepetition of the first sounds of the consonants91
3526411986What is alliteration also known as?head rhyme or internal rhyme92
3526414761What is an example of alliteration?fire, flew, foray93
3526417134Consonancerepetition of ending consonant sounds94
3526420712What is an example of consonance?soul, cool95
3526422191Assonancerepetition of vowel sounds96
3526423975What is an example of assonance?fade and lake97
3526425736Cacophonyharsh and unpleasant sounds98
3526427743What does cacophony imply?chaos in the poem99
3526431549What are some examples of letters in cacophony?k, b, p100
3526434155Repetitionrepetend--repeated chorus101
3526442453Anaphorabeginning word or phrase of sentences is the same102
3526445039Onomatopoeiawords imitate their sounds103
3526447312What is an example of onomatopoeia?whisper, crackle, sizzle, piss104
3526455709Phonetic symbolismsound symbolism, association of word-sounds have common areas of meaning105
3526483355Engaging with text provokes what?theory and criticism106
3526484853What does the theory do?organizes and explains107
3526485020what does the criticism do?the analysis, interpretation, and evaluation108
3526487277what do theories lead to?critical approaches109
3526527648"To ask of what an author is conscious and of what unconscious as fruitless as to ask which rules of English are consciously employed by speakers and which are followed unconsciously."-Jonathan Culler110
3526535292Why do we read?to interpret to find more questions To discover the authors point. Insight into the author's soul. To uncover influences and draw connections to other works. To find the text's own inner, timeless truths.111
3526560429What are some basic ideas behind theory?People will make meaning out of anything g Theory is a way of seeing things; criticism is an approach to analysis and interpretation. Each influences the other Writers have varying levels of awareness of and concerns of literary theory. Critics describe the very nature of literature in differing ways. For many critics, theory and criticism is about chaining the world!!!112
3526569957what are the schools of 20th century literary criticism?Marxist, Linguistic, psychological113
3526575633What does the Marxist literary criticism emphasize?rebellion against identity/ hegemony114
3526583656What are 4 examples of marxist literary criticism?feminist, Black, Post-colonial, queer115
3526579704what does the linguistic literary criticism emphasize?philosophy of language116
3526589821What are 3 examples of Linguistic literary criticism?New Criticism, Structuralism, Post-Structuralism117
3526596208What does psychological literary criticism emphasize?consciousness/psyche118
3526606933What are 2 examples of Psychological criticismPsychoanalytic, Myth, Laconian119
3526625771What would Marx think of Plato's Allegory of the Cave?Marx would say the real puppet master is the Capitalist System, keeping its captive audience entertained and imprisoned The system wants you to stay in your place and accept its imaginary stories as truth120
3526629775what does marx think of economic systems?they hide their true natures121
3526634928how does marx think we have to examine things?as parts of of a process, not isolated objects122
3526638810what is this calledreification123
3526641466what creates and employs literary features?ideology124
3526863321what can a literary works' content be seen to reflect?society's contradictions125
3526864429what can a literary work's form be seen to reveal?society's inability to keep its story straight126
3526873217who was a german philosopher who studied greek philosophy and roman poetry?Karl Marx127
3526873376what did he co-write?The Manifesto of the Communist party128
3526876750Materialismthe material world is the deriving force behind any ideas you call your own129
3526878930what is a material world to a marxist?economic and political interactions130
3526888650what does the Marxist societal economic base look likewho owns property and controls wealth who gets things made who is the labor force where do profits go131
3526910554Key questions when reading MarxWhat is the commodity? How is it reified? Who exploits the laboring class? How is the laboring class mistreated, tricked, fooled? Where do we see the Capitalist's fear and guilt for their means of production? What is the class structure? Who has the power? Is there a Marxist figure who champions the proletariat? Is the setting marked by imperialism? is the economic system perpetuating a lie?132

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