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AP Literature Study Terms Flashcards

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6918547087AllegoryThe representation of abstract ideas or principles by characters, figures, or events in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form.0
6918547088AlliterationThe repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of several words in a line of poetry. (Marilyn Monroe)1
6918547089AmbiguityWhen an author leaves out details/information or is unclear about an event so the reader will use his/her imagination to fill in the blanks.2
6918547090AnaphoraRepetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive lines in a poem or prose.3
6918547091AnecdoteA short story or joke told at the beginning of a speech to gain the audience's attention.4
6918547092AntagonistThe protagonist's adversary.5
6918547093Anti-climaticWhen the ending of the plot in poetry or prose is unfulfilling or lackluster.6
6918547094ApostropheWhen a character speaks to a character or object that is not present or is unable to respond7
6918547095AssonanceThe repetition of the same vowel sound in a phrase or line of poetry.8
6918547096Blank verseName for unrhymed iambic pentameter. An iamb is a metrical foot in which an unstressed syllable is followed by a stressed syllable. In iambic pentameter there are five iambs per line making ten syllables.9
6918547097ClimaxThe turning point in the plot or the high point of action.10
6918547098Colloquial languageInformal, conversational language. Colloquialisms are phrases or sayings that are indicative of a specific region.11
6918547099ConnotationAn idea or meaning suggested by or associated with a word or thing, ie. Bat=evil.12
6918547100ConventionAn understanding between a reader and a writer about certain details of a story that does not need to be explained.13
6918547101ConsonanceThe repetition of consonant sounds in a phrase or line of poetry. The consonant sound may be at the beginning, middle, or end of the word.14
6918547102CoupletTwo rhyming lines in poetry.15
6918547103Deus ex machinaTerm that refers to a character or force that appears at the end of a story or play to help resolve conflict. Word means "god from a machine." In ancient Greek drama, gods were lowered onto the stage by a mechanism to extricate characters from a seemingly hopeless situation. The phrase has come to mean any turn of events that solve the characters' problems through an unexpected and unlikely intervention.16
6918547104DictionWord choice or the use of words in speech or writing.17
6918547105Denouement (day-new-mon)The final resolution or clarification of a dramatic or narrative plot.18
6918547106DoppelgangerThe alter ego of a character-the suppressed side of one's personality that is usually unaccepted by society. ie. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson- Mr. Edward Hyde (hide) is Dr. Jekyll's evil side19
6918547107ElegyA poem or song composed especially as a lament for a deceased person.20
6918547108Emotive languageDeliberate use of language by a writer to instill a feeling or visual.21
6918547109EnjambmentThe continuation of reading one line of a poem to the next with no pause, a run-on line.22
6918547110EpicAn extended narrative poem in elevated or dignified language, celebrating the feats of a legendary or traditional hero.23
6918547111EpilogueA short poem or speech spoken directly to the audience following the conclusion of a play, or in a novel the epilogue is a short explanation at the end of the book which indicates what happens after the plot ends.24
6918547112EpiphanySudden enlightenment or realization, a profound new outlook or understanding about the world usually attained while doing everyday mundane activities.25
6918547113EpistolaryUsed to describe a novel that tells its story through letters written from one character to another.26
6918547114EuphemismThe act of substituting a harsh, blunt, or offensive comment for a more politically accepted or positive one (short=vertically challenged)27
6918547115EuphonyA succession of words which are pleasing to the ear. These words may be alliterative, utilize consonance, or assonance and are often used in poetry but also seen in prose.28
6918547116ExpansionAdds an unstressed syllable and a contraction or elision removes an unstressed syllable in order to maintain the rhythmic meter of a line. This practice explains some words frequently used in poetry such as th' in place of the, o'er in place of over, and 'tis or 'twas in place of it is or it was.29
6918547117FableA usually short narrative making an edifying or cautionary point and often employing as characters animals that speak and act like humans.30
6918547118Feminine endingterm that refers to an unstressed extra syllable at the end of a line of iambic pentameter.31
6918547119Figurative languageSpeech or writing that departs from literal meaning in order to achieve a special effect or meaning. Speech or writing employing figures of speech.32
6918547120FlashbackWhen a character remembers a past event that is relevant to the current action of the story33
6918547121Flat characterA literary character whose personality can be defined by one or two traits and does not change over the course of the story. Flat characters are usually minor or insignificant characters.34
6918547122FoilA character that by contrast underscores or enhances the distinctive characteristics of another.35
6918547123FolkloreThe traditional beliefs, myths, tales, and practices of a people, transmitted orally.36
6918547124FootThe metrical length of a line is determined by the number of feet it contains. The most common feet have two to three syllables, with one stressed.37
6918547125MonometerOne foot38
6918547126DimeterTwo feet39
6918547127TrimeterThree feet40
6918547128TetrameterFour feet41
6918547129PentameterFive feet42
6918547130HexameterSix feet43
6918547131HeptameterSeven feet44
6918547132IambAn iambic foot has two syllables. The first is unstressed and the second is stressed. The iambic foot is most common in English poetry.45
6918547133TrocheeA trochaic foot has two syllables. The first is stressed and the second is unstressed.46
6918547134DactylA dactylic foot has three syllables beginning with a stressed syllable; the other two unstressed.47
6918547135AnapestAn anapestic foot has three syllables. The first two are unstressed with the third stressed.48
6918547136ForeshadowingClues in the text about incidents that will occur later in the plot, foreshadowing creates anticipation in the novel.49
6918547137Free verseType of verse that contains a variety of line lengths, is unrhymed, and lacks traditional meter.50
6918547138GenreA category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, marked by a distinctive style, form, or content.51
6918547139Gothic novelA genre of fiction characterized by mystery and supernatural horror, often set in a dark castle or other medieval setting.52
6918547140HeroineA woman noted for courage and daring action or the female protagonist.53
6918547141HubrisUsed in Greek tragedies, refers to excessive pride that usually leads to a hero's downfall.54
6918547142HyperboleA figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or comic/dramatic effect.55
6918547143IllocutionLanguage that avoids meaning of the words. When we speak, sometimes we conceal intentions or side step the true subject of a conversation. Writing illocution expresses two stories, one of which is not apparent to the characters, but is apparent to the reader. For example, if two characters are discussing a storm on the surface it may seem like a simple discussion of the weather, however, the reader should interpret the underlying meaning-that the relationship is in turmoil, chaos, is unpredictable. As demonstrated the story contains an underlying meaning or parallel meanings.56
6918547144ImageryThe use of vivid or figurative language to represent objects, actions, or ideas.57
6918547145In medias resA story that begins in the middle of things.58
6918547146InversionIn poetry is an intentional digression from ordinary word order which is used to maintain regular meters. For example, rather than saying "the rain came" a poem may say "came the rain". Meters can be formed by the insertion or absence of a pause.59
6918547147IronyWhen one thing should occur, is apparent, or in logical sequence but the opposite actually occurs. Example: A man in the ocean might say, "Water, water everywhere and not a drop to drink."60
6918547148Dramatic IronyWhen the audience or reader knows something characters do not know61
6918547149Verbal IronyWhen one thing is said, but something else, usually the opposite, is meant62
6918547150Situational Ironyirony involving a situation in which actions have an effect that is opposite from what was intended, so that the outcome is contrary to what was expected.63
6918547151Masculine endingStressed extra syllable at the end of a line.64
6918547152MemoirAn account of the personal experiences of an author.65
6918547153MeterThe measured arrangement of words in poetry, as by accentual rhythm, syllabic quantity, or the number of syllables in a line.66
6918547154MetaphorA figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison; this comparison does not use like or as.67
6918547155MetonymyThe use of a word or phrase to stand in for something else which it is often associated. ie. Lamb means Jesus68
6918547156MotifA dominant theme or central idea.69
6918547157NarratorSomeone who tells a story.70
6918547158First personThe narrator is a character in the story71
6918547159Third person objectiveThe narrator does not tell what anyone is thinking; the "fly on a wall"72
6918547160Third person limitedThe narrator is able to tell the thoughts of one character73
6918547161Third person omniscientThe narrator is able to tell the thoughts of any character74
6918547162NovellaA short novel usually under 100 pages.75
6918547163Neutral languageLanguage opposite from emotive language as it is literal or even objective in nature.76
6918547164Oblique rhymeImperfect rhyme scheme.77
6918547165OdeA lyric poem of some length, usually of a serious or meditative nature and having an elevated style and formal stanzaic structure. An ode celebrates something. John Keats is known for writing odes.78
6918547166OnomatopoeiaThe formation or use of words such as buzz or murmur that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.79
6918547167ParadoxStatement which seems to contradict itself. i.e. His old face was youthful when he heard the news.80
6918547168ParodyA literary or artistic work that imitates the characteristic style of an author or a work for comic effect or ridicule. i.e. SNL or Weird Al Yankovich.81
6918547169PersonificationA figure of speech in which inanimate objects or abstractions are endowed with human qualities or are represented as possessing human form.82
6918547170Poetic justiceThe rewarding of virtue and the punishment of vice in the resolution of a plot. The character, as they say, gets what he/she deserves.83
6918547171PrequelA literary, dramatic, or cinematic work whose narrative takes place before that of a preexisting work or a sequel.84
6918547172PrologueAn introduction or preface, especially a poem recited to introduce a play.85
6918547173ProseOrdinary speech or writing without metrical structure, written in paragraph form. Novels and short stories are referred to as prose.86
6918547174ProtagonistThe main character in a drama or literary work.87
6918547175PunPlay on words, when two words have multiple meanings and spellings and are used in a humorous manner.88
6918547176Rhymethe repetition of sounds in words89
6918547177Rhyme schemeThe act of assigning letters in the alphabet to demonstrate the rhyming lines in a poem.90
6918547178Rising actionThe events of a dramatic or narrative plot preceding the climax.91
6918547179Rites of passageAn incident which creates tremendous growth signifying a transition from adolescence to adulthood.92
6918547180Round characterA character who is developed over the course of the book, round characters are usually major characters in a novel.93
6918547181ResolutionSolution to the conflict in literature.94
6918547182SatireA literary work in which human vice or folly is attacked through irony, derision, or wit; the goal is to change the behavior/issue. Authors known for satires are Jonathan Swift and George Orwell.95
6918547183SimileA figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as.96
6918547184SlangA kind of language occurring chiefly in casual and playful speech, made up typically of short-lived coinages and figures of speech that are deliberately used in place of standard terms for added raciness, humor, irreverence, or other effect.97
6918547185SoliloquyA dramatic or literary form of discourse in which a character talks to himself or herself or reveals his or her thoughts without addressing a listener. Typical in plays.98
6918547186SonnetA poem with fourteen lines. An Italian sonnet subdivides into two quatrains and two tercets; while an English sonnet subdivides into three quatrains and one couplet. A volta is a sudden change of thought which is common in sonnets.99
6918547187StyleThe combination of distinctive features of literary or artistic expression, execution, or performance characterizing a particular person, group, school, or era.100
6918547188SymbolismSomething that represents something else by association, resemblance, or convention, especially a material object used to represent something invisible.101
6918547189TragedyA drama or literary work in which the main character is brought to ruin or suffers extreme sorrow, especially as a consequence of a tragic flaw, moral weakness, or inability to cope with unfavorable circumstances.102
6918547190ToneReflects how the author feels about the subject matter or the feeling the author wants to instill in the reader.103
6918557651Bildungsromana novel dealing with a person's formative years, novel of education, a "coming of age" story104

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