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| 10950280125 | Formula fiction | often characterized as "escape literature," it follows a pattern of conventional reader expectations. Romance novels, westerns, science fiction, and detective stories are all examples of this; while the details of individual stories vary, the basic ingredients of each kind of story are the same. It offers happy endings (the hero "gets the girl," the detective cracks the case), entertains wide audiences, and sells tremendously well. | 0 | |
| 10950280126 | Plot | an author's selection and arrangement of incidents in a story to shape the action and give the story a particular focus. | 1 | |
| 10950280127 | In medias res | the common strategy of beginning a story in the middle of the action. | 2 | |
| 10950280128 | Flashback | a narrated scene that marks a break in the narrative in order to inform the reader or audience member about events that took place before the opening scene of a work. | 3 | |
| 10950280129 | Character | A person presented in a dramatic or narrative work. | 4 | |
| 10950280130 | Exposition | a narrative device, often used at the beginning of a work, that provides necessary background information about the characters and their circumstances. It explains what has gone on before, the relationships between characters, the development of a theme, and the introduction of a conflict. | 5 | |
| 10950280131 | Rising Action | the part of a plot in which complication creates some sort of conflict for the protagonist. | 6 | |
| 10950280132 | Conflict | the struggle within the plot between opposing forces. The protagonist engages in this with the antagonist, which may take the form of a character, society, nature, or an aspect of the protagonist's personality. | 7 | |
| 10950280133 | Foreshadowing | the introduction early in a story of verbal and dramatic hints that suggest what is to come later. | 8 | |
| 10950280134 | Protagonist | the main character of a narrative; its central character who engages the reader's interest and empathy. | 9 | |
| 10950280135 | Antagonist | the character, force, or collection of forces in fiction or drama that opposes the protagonist and gives rise to the conflict of the story; an opponent of the protagonist. | 10 | |
| 10950280136 | Suspense | the anxious anticipation of a reader or an audience as to the outcome of a story, especially concerning the character or characters with whom sympathetic attachments are formed. Helps to secure and sustain the interest of the reader or audience throughout a work. | 11 | |
| 10950280137 | Climax | the second part of the plot; the moment of greatest emotional tension in a narrative, usually marking a turning pint in the plot at which the rising action reverses to become the falling action. | 12 | |
| 10950280138 | Resolution | The conclusion of a plot's conflicts and complication. Also known as the falling action. Follows the climax in the plot. | 13 | |
| 10950280139 | Dénouement | a French term meaning "unraveling" or "unknotting," used to describe the resolution of the plot following the climax. | 14 | |
| 10950280140 | Characterization | the process by which a writer makes a character seem real to the reader. | 15 | |
| 10950280141 | Showing | a method of presenting characters that allows the author to present character talking and acting and lets the reader infer what kind of person the character is. | 16 | |
| 10950280142 | Telling | a method of presenting characters in which the author intervenes to describe and sometimes evaluate the character for the reader. | 17 | |
| 10950280143 | Motivated action | action by a character that occurs when the reader or audience is offered reasons for how the characters behave, what they say, and the decisions they make. | 18 | |
| 10950280144 | Plausible action | action by a character in a story that seems reasonable, given the motivations presented. | 19 | |
| 10950280145 | Antihero | a protagonist who has the opposite of most of the tradition attributes of a hero. | 20 | |
| 10950280146 | Dynamic character | a character who undergoes some kind of change because of the action in the plot. | 21 | |
| 10950280147 | Static character | a character who does not change throughout the work, and the reader's knowledge of that character does not grow. | 22 | |
| 10950280148 | Flat character | a character who embodied one or two qualities, ideas, or traits that can be readily described in a brief summary. | 23 | |
| 10950280149 | Stock character | a character who embodies stereotypes rather than serving as an individual. | 24 | |
| 10950280150 | Round character | a character who is more complex than a flat or a stock character and often displays the inconsistencies and internal conflicts found in most real people. | 25 | |
| 10950280151 | Setting | the physical and social context in which the action of a story occurs. Its major elements are the time, the place, and the social environment that frames the characters. Can be used to evoke a mood or an atmosphere. | 26 | |
| 10950280152 | Point of view | refers to who tells us a story and how it is told. | 27 | |
| 10950280153 | Narrator | the voice of a person telling the story, not to be confused with the author's voice. | 28 | |
| 10950280154 | Omniscient narrator | an all-knowing narrator who is not a character in the story and who can move from place to place and pass back and forth through time, slipping into and out of characters as no human being possible could in real life. | 29 | |
| 10950280155 | Editorial omniscience | an intrusion by the narrator in order to evaluate a character for a reader. | 30 | |
| 10950280156 | Neutral omniscience | an intrusion by the narrator in order to evaluate a character for a reader. | 31 | |
| 10950280157 | Limited omniscient narrator | a narrator whose omniscience is restricted by the author to the single perspective of either a major or minor character. | 32 | |
| 10950280158 | Stream-of-consciousness technique | the most intense use of a central consciousness in narration. It takes a reader inside a character's mind to reveal perceptions, thoughts, and feelings on a conscious or unconscious level. It suggests the follow of thought as well as its content. | 33 | |
| 10950280159 | Objective point of view | employs a third-person narrator who does not see into the mind of any character. | 34 | |
| 10950280160 | First-person narrator | the "I" in the story presents the point of view of only one character and the reader is restricted to the perceptions, thoughts, and feelings of that single character. | 35 | |
| 10950280161 | Unreliable narrator | a narrator who reveals an interpretation of events that is somehow different from the author's own interpretation of those events. | 36 | |
| 10950280162 | Naive narrator | unreliable narrators who are characterized by youthful innocence. | 37 | |
| 10950280163 | Symbol | a person, object, image, word, or event that evokes a range of additional meaning beyond and usually more abstract than its literal significance. An educational device for evoking complex ideas without having to resort to painstaking explanations that would make a story more like an essay than an experience. | 38 | |
| 10950280164 | Conventional symbol | a symbol with a meaning that is widely recognized by a society or culture. | 39 | |
| 10950280165 | Literary symbol (contextual symbol) | a setting, character, action, object, name, or anything else in a work that maintains its literal significance while suggesting other meanings. | 40 | |
| 10950280166 | Allegory | a narration or description usually restricted to a single meaning because its events, actions, characters, settings, and objects represent specific abstractions or ideas. | 41 | |
| 10950280167 | Theme | the central meaning of dominant idea in a literary work; provides a unifying point around which the plot, characters, setting, point of view, symbols, and other elements of a work are organized. | 42 | |
| 10950280168 | Style | the distinctive and unique manner in which a writer arranges words to achieve particular effects; includes diction, irony, and tone. | 43 | |
| 10950280169 | Diction | a writer's choice of words, phrases, sentence structures, and figurative language, which combine to help create meaning. | 44 | |
| 10950280170 | Tone | the author's implicit attitude toward the reader or the people, places, and events in a work as revealed by the elements of the author's style. | 45 | |
| 10950280171 | Irony | a literary device that uses contradictory statements or situations to reveal a reality different from what appears to be true. | 46 | |
| 10950280172 | Verbal irony | a figure of speech that occurs when a person says one thing but means the opposite. | 47 | |
| 10950280173 | Sarcasm | a strong form of verbal irony that is calculated to hurt someone through, for example, false praise. | 48 | |
| 10950280174 | Situational irony | exists when there is an incongruity between what is expected to happen and what actually happens due to forces beyond human comprehension or control. | 49 | |
| 10950280175 | Dramatic irony | creates a discrepancy between what a character believes or says and what the reader or audience member knows to be true. | 50 | |
| 12098486523 | Tradgedy | A serious dramatic work in which the protagonist experiences a series of unfortunate reveals due to come character trait, referee to as a tragic flaw. | 51 | |
| 12098494589 | Mood | Synonymous with atmosphere, mood is the feeling created for the reader by a work of literature. Many things can generate mood-- especially style, tone, and setting. | 52 | |
| 12098506324 | Omniscient Narrator | An all-knowing narrator who is not a character in the story and who can move from place to place and pass back and fourth through time, slipping into and out of characters as no human being possible could in real life. Can report the thoughts and feelings of the characters, as well as their words and actions. | 53 | |
| 12098512315 | Editorial Narrator | Refers to an intrusion bu the narrator in order to evaluate a character for a reader. | 54 | |
| 12098526009 | Neutral Narrator | Narration that allows the characters actions and thoughts to speak for themselves. Used for readers to reach their own conclusions. | 55 | |
| 12098529519 | Limited Omniscient Narrator | Occurs when an author restricts a narrator to the single perspective of their a major or minor character. | 56 | |
| 12098534495 | Stream-of-consciousness Narrator | The most intense use of a central consciousness in narration. The stream-of- consciousness technique take a reader inside a character's mind to reveal perceptions, thoughts, and feelings on a conscious or unconscious level. | 57 | |
| 12098545945 | First Person Narrator | The I in the story presents the point of view of only one character. The reader is restricted to the perceptions, thoughts, and feelings of that single character. | 58 | |
| 12098551140 | Unreliable Narrator | Reveals an interpretation of events that is somehow different from the author's own interpretation of those events. | 59 | |
| 12098555079 | Naive Narrator | Usually characterized by youthful innocence. | 60 | |
| 12098563335 | Conventional Symbols | Have meanings that are widely recognized by society or culture. Ex. Star of David | 61 | |
| 12098570921 | Literary Symbols | Can be a setting, character, action, object, name, or anything else in a work that maintains its literal significance while suggesting other meanings. | 62 | |
| 12105445571 | Denotation | The literal definition of a word, often referred to as the "dictionary definition." | 63 | |
| 12105447176 | Connotation | Meanings or associations readers have with a word or item beyond its dictionary definition, or denotation. May reveal another layer of meaning of a piece, affect the tone, or suggest symbolic resonance. | 64 | |
| 12105448604 | Formal Diction | Contains language that creates an elevated tone. It is free of slang, idioms, colloquialisms, and contractions. It often contains polysyllabic words, sophisticated syntax, and elegant word choice. | 65 | |
| 12105449828 | Informal Diction | the relaxed, conversational language that we use every day. Informal diction is used to address a familiar audience such as family or friends | 66 | |
| 12105450891 | Slang | a type of language that consists of words and phrases that are regarded as very informal, are more common in speech than writing, and are typically restricted to a particular context or group of people. | 67 | |
| 12105450892 | Colloquial language | An expression of language construction appropriate only for casual, informal speaking or writing. | 68 | |
| 12105456575 | abstract | a general term, referring to a broad concept, as opposed to a term that refers to a specific, particular thing. | 69 | |
| 12105458211 | Concrete | term that refers to a specific, particular thing, as apposed to a term that refers to a broad concept. | 70 | |
| 12105459707 | figure of speech | a word or phrase used in a non-literal sense for rhetorical or vivid effect. | 71 | |
| 12105463745 | metaphor | A figure of speech that compares or equates two things without using like or as. | 72 | |
| 12105463746 | personification | the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form. | 73 | |
| 12105465435 | analogy | In literature a comparison between two things that helps explain or illustrate one or both of them. | 74 | |
| 12105466472 | hyperbole | It is a rhetorical device or figure of speech used to evoke strong feelings or create a strong impression. A hyperbole is an obvious and intentional exaggeration not intended to be taken literally. | 75 | |
| 12105468171 | understatement | the presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is. | 76 | |
| 12105469278 | paradox | A statement that seems contradictory but actually is not. | 77 | |
| 12105470426 | verbal irony | A figure of speech that occurs when a speaker or character says one thing but means something else, or when what is said is the opposite of what is expected. | 78 | |
| 12105471231 | simple sentence | a sentence composed of one main clause without any subordinate clauses. | 79 | |
| 12105473608 | complex sentence | A sentence containing an independent clause and or or more subordinate clauses. | 80 | |
| 12105474677 | periodic sentence | A sentence that begins with details, qualifications, or modifications, building towards the main clause. | 81 |
