Terms : Hide Images
| 9318736158 | Generic Conversions | refers to traditions for each genre, they help to differentiate each genre | 0 | |
| 9318736159 | Genre | basic divisions of writing (prose, poetry, drama) | 1 | |
| 9318736160 | Style | 1: the sum of choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices 2: commonplace of authors to a group and comparison of an author to similar authors | 2 | |
| 9318736161 | Theme | the central idea or message of a work; the insight a work offers into life | 3 | |
| 9318736162 | Narrative | the telling of a story or an account of a series or events (can be fictional and nonfictional) | 4 | |
| 9318736163 | Prose | anything that isn't drama or poetry; refers to all forms of nonfiction/fiction | 5 | |
| 9318736164 | Point of View | perspective in which the story is told | 6 | |
| 9318736165 | Parody | work that closely imitates the style of content of another work with specific aim of comic effect or ridicule | 7 | |
| 9318736166 | Satire | uses humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the centext of contemporary politics and other topical issues | 8 | |
| 9318736167 | Homily | literally, a sermon, but can also be informal as in a serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice | 9 | |
| 9318736168 | Allegory | using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning | 10 | |
| 9318736169 | Alliteration | repetition of sounds, especially consonants in neighboring worlds | 11 | |
| 9318736170 | Assonance | repetition of sounds, especially vowels in neighboring worlds | 12 | |
| 9318736171 | Allusion | direct or indirect reference to a work that is presumably or commonly known (event, book, mytho ,lpace, historical, a work of art, etc.) | 13 | |
| 9318736172 | Ambiguity | multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage | 14 | |
| 9318736173 | Imagery | sensory details used to describe, arouse emotion, and represent abstractions (refers to the 5 senses) | 15 | |
| 9318736174 | Personification | concepts, animals, or inanimate objects that are described with human attributes or emotions | 16 | |
| 9318736175 | Onomatopoeia | a figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words | 17 | |
| 9318736176 | Symbol/Symbolism | (generally) anything that represents or stands for something else (usually abstract) | 18 | |
| 9318736177 | Natural Symbolism | symbolism of objects and occurances from nature | 19 | |
| 9318736178 | Conventional Symbolism | symbolism invested with meaning by a group, such as religious, national, or groups | 20 | |
| 9318736179 | Literary Symbolism | symbolism found in a variety of works and largely recognized (sort of conventional); may be more complicated | 21 | |
| 9318736180 | Analogy | similarity or comparison between two different things; can explain something unfamiliar by associating it or pointing out its familiarity to something more familiar | 22 | |
| 9318736181 | Metaphor | a comparison of seemingly unlike things | 23 | |
| 9318736182 | Simile | a comparison of seemingly unlike things using "like" or "as" | 24 | |
| 9318736183 | Extended Metaphor | a metaphor developed at great length, throughout a work | 25 | |
| 9318736184 | Conceit | a fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor, or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects; a very unusual comparison | 26 | |
| 9318736185 | Apostrophe | a figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction (such as liberty or love) | 27 | |
| 9318736186 | Atmsophere | emotional mood created by the environment described in a literary work | 28 | |
| 9318736187 | Mood | prevailing emotional aura of a work; setting, tone, and evenst can effect mood | 29 | |
| 9318736188 | Oxymoron | a figure of speech in which seemingly contradictory terms are connected (not likely seen on AP exam); ex: liquid gas | 30 | |
| 9318736189 | Paradox | a statement that appears to present ideas which are self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but actually have validity and truth | 31 | |
| 9318736190 | Irony | when the opposite of what is expected occurs | 32 | |
| 9318736191 | Verbal Irony | type of irony where the opposite of what is expected is said | 33 | |
| 9318736192 | Situational Irony | type of irony where the opposite of what is expected to happen occurs | 34 | |
| 9318736193 | Dramatic Irony | type of irony where facts or events are unknown to the characters but are known to the reader | 35 | |
| 9318736194 | Antecedent | the word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun | 36 | |
| 9318736195 | Clause | a grammatical unit that includes both a subject and a verb | 37 | |
| 9318736196 | Independent/Main Clause | a clause that expresses a complete thought | 38 | |
| 9318736197 | Dependent/Subordinate clause | a clause that cannot stand alone as a sentence; depends on what the main clause is saying | 39 | |
| 9318736198 | Periodic Sentenc | a sentence that presents its central meaning in the main clause at the end; the independent clause is preceded by a pharse or clause that cannot stand on its own as a sentence | 40 | |
| 9318736199 | Loose Sentence | (from Wikipedia) a type of sentence in which the main idea (independent/main clause) is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases | 41 | |
| 9318736200 | Subject Complement | the word, phrase, or clause that follows a linking verb and completes the subject of the sentence by either 1: renaming it (predicative nominative) or 2: describing it (predicate adjective) | 42 | |
| 9318736201 | Predicate Adjective | type of subject complement; an adjective, group of adjectives, or adjective clauses followed by a linking verb that modifies the subject and is followed by a linking verb | 43 | |
| 9318736202 | Predicate Nominative | type of subject compliment; a noun, group of nouns, or noun clause that renames the subject and follows a linking verb | 44 | |
| 9318736203 | Transition | a word or phrase that links different ideas (mostly in expository and argument) | 45 | |
| 9318736204 | Inference | To draw reasonable conclusions from information presented (NOT imply) | 46 | |
| 9318736205 | Syllogism | deductive reasoning of formal logic; valid ONLY if each of the premises are valid | 47 | |
| 9318736206 | Ad Hominem Argument | (from Wikipedia) is a fallacious argumentative strategy whereby an argument is rebutted by attacking the character, motive, or other attribute of the person making the argument, or persons associated with the argument, rather than attacking the substance of the argument itself; appeals to emotion (feeling rather than intellect) | 48 | |
| 9318736207 | Rhetoric | the art of writing eloquently, effectively, and persuasively (remember the rhetorical triangle) | 49 | |
| 9318736208 | Rhetorical Modes | the variety, conventions, and purposes of major kinds of writing | 50 | |
| 9318736209 | Expository Writing | to explain and analyze information; textbooks, instructions, recipes, etc. | 51 | |
| 9318736210 | Narritive Writing | to tell a story, uses description; anything telling a story | 52 | |
| 9318736211 | Argumentitive Writing | to prove the validity of an idea or point of view by presenting sound reasoning, discussion, and argument | 53 | |
| 9318736212 | Persuasive Writing | a type of argumentitive writing that presents a call to action; often indcludes appeals to emotion and fallacies | 54 | |
| 9318736213 | Descriptive Writing | to recreate, invent, or visually present a person, place, action, or event to that the reader can picture that which is being described | 55 | |
| 9318736214 | Diction | refers to a writer's word choice (formal, informal; ornate, plain) | 56 | |
| 9318736215 | Syntax | the way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences; refers to a group of words (unlike diction); syntax affects things like the length or brevity of sentences, unusual sentence contstructions, patterns, and types of sentences | 57 | |
| 9318736216 | Denotation | strict, literal, word-for-word, dictionary meaning; devoid of any emotion or attitude | 58 | |
| 9318736217 | Connotation | non-literal, associative meaning; implied, suggested meaning which may include emotions or attitudes | 59 | |
| 9318736218 | Figurative Language | speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning, meant to be imaginative and vivid | 60 | |
| 9318736219 | Figure of Speech | a word or phrase used in a figurative manner | 61 | |
| 9318736220 | Literal Language | speech that is intended to carry literal meaning | 62 | |
| 9318736221 | Didatic | primary purpose is to teach or instruct, especially with moral or ethical principles | 63 | |
| 9318736222 | Pedantic | adjective; describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish | 64 | |
| 9318736223 | Thesis | (in expository writing) the sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or preposition; you MUSt have this in every expository writing | 65 | |
| 9318736224 | Hyperbole | a figure of speech using deliberate overstatement or exaggerations often ofr common effect; can be serious, but often ironic | 66 | |
| 9318736225 | Understatement | the ironic minimalizing of fact; presents something as less significant than it is, effect can be humorous and emphatic | 67 | |
| 9318736226 | Euphemism | a word more agreeable/less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or subjects; can be for political correctness, humor, or an ironic understatement | 68 | |
| 9318736227 | Metonymy | a figure of speech in which the name of an object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it; ex: "The White House" rather than "Presidency" | 69 | |
| 9318736228 | Synecdoche | a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa | 70 | |
| 9318736229 | Aphorism | a statement which offers a general truth or moral principle | 71 | |
| 9318736230 | Colloquial/Colloquialism | use of slang or informalities in speech or writing; adds to conversational, familiar tone in prose (not generally acceptable in formal writing) | 72 | |
| 9318736231 | Invective | an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong or abusive language | 73 | |
| 9318736232 | Sarcasm | involves bitter, harsh language meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something; may use irony, but not all irony is sarcasm | 74 | |
| 9318736233 | Wit | Intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights; humorous, suggests the speaker's verbal power in creating ingenious and perspective remarks | 75 | |
| 9318736234 | Parallel Structure (Parallelism) | framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity; an organizational structure often used to draw emphasis to a point being made | 76 | |
| 9318736235 | Repetition | the duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language | 77 | |
| 9318736236 | Exposition/Setting | to provide some background, inform the readers about the plot, character, setting, and theme of the essay/story | 78 | |
| 9318736237 | Epic | a long story centered on a heroic character who lives through a series of exception avents and represents the qualities valued by a society | 79 | |
| 9318736238 | Parable | a simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson; fables use animals, ___________ don't | 80 | |
| 9318736239 | Roman a Clef | a novel in which real people or events eappear with invented names; French for "novel with a key", where the key is the relationship between the nonfiction and the fiction | 81 | |
| 9318736240 | Anachronism | a chronological inconsistency in some arrangement, especially a juxtaposition of people, events, objects, or customs from different periods of time | 82 | |
| 9318736241 | Analepsis | a flashback; an ainterjected scene that takes the narrative back in time from the current point in the story | 83 | |
| 9318736242 | Prolepsis | the anticipation and answering of possible objections in rhetorical speech; the representation of an object as existing before it actually does or did so; ex: "he was a dead man when he entered" | 84 | |
| 9318736243 | Perrsona | a role or character adopted by an author or an actor | 85 | |
| 9318736244 | Pseudonym | a fictitious name, especially one used by an author | 86 | |
| 9318736245 | Subplot | a secondary strand of the plot that is a supporting side story for any story or the mian plot; may connect to main plot, in either time and place or in thematic significance | 87 | |
| 9318736246 | Aporia | a rhetorical device whereby the speaker expresses a doubt, often feigned, about his position or asks the audience rhetorically how he or she should proceed | 88 | |
| 9318736247 | Aposiopesis | a figure of speech wherein a sentence is deliberately broken off and left unfinished, the ending to be supplied by the imagination, giving an impression of willingness or inability to continue | 89 | |
| 9318736248 | Ellipses | a series of dots (typically 3) that usually indicates an intentional omission of a word, sentence, or whole section from a text without altering its original meaning | 90 | |
| 9318736249 | Caesura | a break in a verse(poetry) where one phrase ends and the following phrase begins | 91 | |
| 9318736250 | Canon | the body of books, music, and art that scholars generally accept as the most important and influential in shaping western culture; works of literature generally perceived as being of major artistic merit and representing the high culture of North America and Europe | 92 | |
| 9318736251 | Novella | work of written, fictional, narrative prose normally longer than a short story but shorter than a novel | 93 | |
| 9318736252 | Catharsis | the purification and purgation of emotions--especially pity and fear--through art or any extreme change in emotion that results in renewal and restoration | 94 | |
| 9318736253 | Autotelic | having a purpose in and not apart from itself; exists solely for the sake of existing, intrinsic | 95 | |
| 9318736254 | Epithet | an adjective or descriptive phrase expressing a quality characteristic of the person or thing mentioned | 96 | |
| 9318736255 | Frame Story | a literary technique that sometimes serves as a companion piece to a story within a story | 97 | |
| 9318736256 | Verisimilitude | the appearance of being true or real | 98 | |
| 9318736257 | Epistolary Novel | a novel written as a series of documents; the usual form is letters, although diary entries, newspaper clippings and other documents are sometimes used | 99 | |
| 9318736258 | Epigram | a brief, interesting, memorable, and sometimes surprising or satirical statement | 100 | |
| 9318736259 | Epigraph | a phrase, quotation, or poem that is set at the beginning of a piece or writing | 101 | |
| 9318736260 | Epiphany | a mement of sudden revelation or insight | 102 | |
| 9318736261 | Lampoon (Parody) | publicly criticize someone or something by using ridicule, irony, or sarcasm; usually quite harsh | 103 | |
| 9318736262 | Anadiplosis | repetition of the last word of a preceding clause | 104 | |
| 9318736263 | Anaphora | repeating a sequence of words at the beginnings of neighboring clauses, thereby lending them emphasis | 105 | |
| 9318736264 | Asyndeton | a figure of speech in which one or several conjunctions are omitted from a series of related clauses | 106 | |
| 9318736265 | Chiasmus | a figure of speech in which two or more clauses are related to each other through a reversal of structures in order to make a larger point | 107 | |
| 9318736266 | Bathos | an effect of anti-climax created by an unintentional lapse in mood from the sublime to the trivial or ridiculous | 108 | |
| 9318736267 | Cliché | a phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought; a very predictable or unoriganl thing or person | 109 | |
| 9318736268 | Epizeuxis | the repetition of a word or phrase for vehemence or emphasis | 110 | |
| 9318736269 | Inversion | reversal of the normal order of words, typically for rhetorical effect but also found in the regular formation of questions in English | 111 | |
| 9318736270 | Appositive | a grammatical construction in which two elements, normally noun phrases, are placed side by side, with one element serving to identify the other in a different way | 112 | |
| 9318736271 | Periphrasis and Circumlocation | the use of many words where fewer would do, especially in a deliberate attempt to be vague or evasive | 113 | |
| 9318736272 | Jargon | special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand | 114 | |
| 9318736273 | Objective | not influenced by personal fellings or opinions in considering and representing facts | 115 | |
| 9318736274 | Subjective | based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions | 116 | |
| 9318736275 | Synaesthesia | a rhetorical device or figure of speech where one sense is described in terms of another; may often take the form of a simile | 117 | |
| 9318736276 | Litotes | a figure of speech that uses understatement to emphasize a point by stating a negative to further affirm a positive often incorporating double negatives for effect | 118 | |
| 9318736277 | Deductive Reasoning | (upside down triangle) reasoning from one or more statements to reach a logically certain conclusion | 119 | |
| 9318736278 | Inductive Reasoning | (right-side up triangle) reasoning in which the premises are viewed as suppling strong evidence for the truth of the conclusion | 120 | |
| 9318736279 | Non-Sequitur | "does not necessarily follow"; ex: Jefferson and the DOC, My refrigerator is acting up, I'd better read that book by Friday. | 121 | |
| 9318736280 | Premise | a previous statement or proposition from which another is inferred or follows as a conclusion | 122 | |
| 9318736281 | Either-Or Fallacy (False Dilemma) | (from Wikipedia) a type of informal fallacy in which something is falsely claimed to be an "either/or" situation, when in fact there is at least one additional option; yes or no | 123 | |
| 9318736282 | Red Herring | a fallacy in which an irrelevant topic is presented in order to divert attention from the original issue | 124 | |
| 9318736283 | Jumping to Conclusions/Hasty Generalization | when a person draws a conclusion about a population based on a sample | 125 | |
| 9318736284 | Genetic Fallacy | a perceived defect in the origin of a claim or thonig is taken to be evidence that descredits the claim or thing itself | 126 | |
| 9318736285 | Loaded Questions | a question that contains a controversial or unjustified assumption | 127 | |
| 9318736286 | Begging the Question | a fallacy in which the premises include the claim that the conclusion is true or (directly or indirectly) assumes that the conclusion is true | 128 |
