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AP Literature Terms Flashcards

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6249433466AllegoryA story or poem in which characters, settings, and events stand for other people or events of for abstract ideas or qualities0
6249433467AmbiguityDeliberately suggesting 2 or more different meanings in a work. An event or situation that may be interpreted in more than one way1
6249433468AllusionReference to someone or something that is known from history, literature, religion, etc.2
6249433469AnalogyComparison made between 2 things to show how they are alike3
6249433470AnaphoraRepition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of 2 or more sentences in a row4
6249433471AnastropheInversion of the usual, normal, or logical order of the parts of a sentence5
6249433472AnecdoteBrief story, told to illustrate a point or serve as an example of something6
6249433473AntimetaboleRepetition of words in successive clauses in reverse grammatical order7
6249433474AntithesisBalancing words, phrases, or ideas that are strongly contrasted, often by means of grammatical structure8
6249433475AntiheroCentral character who lacks all the qualities traditionally associated with heroes9
6249433476AnthropomorphismAttributing human characteristics to an animal or inanimate object10
6249433477AphorismBrief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life, or of a principle or accepted general truth11
6249433478ApostropheCalling out to an imaginary, dead, or absent person, or to a place or thing, or a personified abstract idea12
6249433479AppositionPlacing an immediately succeeding order of 2 or more coordinate elements, latter of which is an explanation, qualification, or modification of the first.13
6249433480AsyndetonCommas used without conjunction to separate a series of words14
6249433481BalanceConstructing a sentence so that both halves are about the same length and importance15
6249433482Indirect characterizationAuthor reveals to the reader what the character is like by describing how the character looks and dresses, hear what the character says, revealing their private thoughts and feelings, etc16
6249433483Direct characterizationAuthor tells us directly what the character is like17
6249433484Static characterOne who does not change much in the course of a story18
6249433485Dynamic characterOne who changes in some important way as a result of the story's action19
6249433486Flat characterHas only 1 or 2 personality traits20
6249433487Round characterHas more dimensions to their personalities-they are complex21
6249433488ChiasmusIn poetry, a type of rhetorical balance in which the second part is syntactically balanced against the first, but with the parts reversed22
6249433489ColloquialismA word or phrase in everyday use in conversation and informal writing but is inappropriate for formal situations23
6249433490ComedyA story that ends with a happy resolution of the conflicts faced by the main character(s)24
6249433491ConceitAn elaborate metaphor that compares 2 things that are startlingly different25
6249433492Confessional poetryA 20th century term used to describe poetry that uses intimate material from the poet's life26
6249433493External conflictConflict between 2 people, person and nature or a machine, or a person and a whole society27
6249433494Internal conflictInvolving opposing forces within a person's mind28
6249433495ConnotationThe associations and emotional overtones that have become attached to a word or phrase, in addition to its strict dictionary definition29
6249433496CoupletTwo consecutive rhyming line software poetry30
6249433497DialectA way of speaking that is characteristic of a certain social group or of the inhabitants of a certain geographical area31
6249433498DictionA speaker or writer's choice of words32
6249433499DidacticForm of fiction or nonfiction that teaches a specific lesson or moral or provides a model of correct behavior or thinking33
6249433500ElegyA poem of mourning, usually about someone who has died34
6249433501EpanalepsisDevice of repetition in which the same expression is repeated both at the beginning and at the end of the line, clause, or sentence ("common sense is not so common")35
6249433502EpicA long narrative poem, written in heightened language, which recounts the deeds of a heroic character who embodies the values of a particular society36
6249433503EpigraphA quotation or aphorism at the beginning of a literary work suggestive of the theme37
6249433504EpistropheDevice of repetiton in which the same expression is repeated at the end of 2 or more lines, clauses, or sentences38
6249433505EpithetAn adjective or adjective phrase applied to a person or thing that is frequently used to emphasize a characteristic quality39
6249433506EssayA short piece of nonfiction prose in which the writer discusses some aspect of a subject40
6249433507ArgumentationAn essay that uses logic, ethics, and emotional appeals to develop an effective means to convince the reader to think or act in a certain way41
6249433508Casual relationshipForm of argumentation on which the writer claims that one thing results from another, often used as part of a logical argument42
6249433509ExpositionSomething is explained or "set forth"43
6249433510DescriptionA form of discourse that uses language to create a mood or emotion44
6249433511ExplicationAct of interpreting or discovering the meaning of a text, usually involves close reading and special attention to figurative language45
6260854651FableA very short story told in prose or poetry that teaches a practical lesson about how to succeed in life46
6260854652FarceA type of comedy in which ridiculous and often stereotyped characters are involved in silly, far-fetched situations47
6260854653FoilA character who acts as contrast to another character. Often a funny sidekick to the dashing hero, or a villain contrasting a hero48
6260854654Free versePoetry that does not conform to a regular meter or rhyme scheme49
6260854655HyperboleIncredible exaggeration50
6260854656HypotacticSentence marked by use of connecting words between clauses or sentences, explicitly showing the logical or other relationships between them51
6260854657InversionThe reversal of the normal word order in a sentence or phrase52
6260854658Verbal ironyOccurs when someone says one thing but really means something else53
6260854659Situational ironyTakes place when there is discrepancy between what is expected to happen, and what would be appropriate to happen, and what really does happen.54
6260854660Dramatic ironyThe audience knows something that the character does not55
6260854661JuxtapositionA form of contrast by which writers call attention to dissimilar ideas or images or metaphors56
6260854662LitotesA form of understatement in which the positive form is emphasized through the negation of a negative form57
6260854663Local colorA term applied to fiction or poetry which tends to place special emphasis on a particular setting58
6260854664Loose sentenceOne in which the main clause comes first, followed by further dependent grammatical units59
6260854665Lyric poemA poem that does not tell a story but expresses the personal feelings or thoughts of the speaker60
6260854666MetonymyA figure of speech in which a person, place, or thing, is referred to by something closely associated with it61
6260854667MoodAn atmosphere created by a writer's diction and the details selected62
6260854668MotifA recurring image, word, phrase, action, idea, object, or situation used throughout a work, unifying the work by trying the current situation to previous ones, or new ideas to the theme63
6260854669OxymoronA figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase (pretty ugly)64
6260854670ParadoxA statement that appears self-contradictory, but that reveals a kind of truth65
6260854671ParallelismThe repition of words or phrases that have similar grammatical structures66
6260854672Paratactic sentenceSimply juxtaposes clauses or sentences (I am tired: it is hot)67
6260854673ParodyA work that makes fun of another work by imitating some aspect of the writer's style68
6260854674PeriodicSentence that places the main idea or central complete thought at the end of the sentence, after all introductory elements69
6260854675ExpositionIntroduces characters, situations, and setting70
6260854676Rising actionComplications in conflict and situations71
62608546771st person POVOne of the characters tells the story72
62608546783rd person POVAn unknown narrator, tells the story, but this narrator zooms in to focus on the thoughts and feelings of only one character73
6260854679Omniscient POVAn all-knowing narrator tells the story, also using the third person pronouns74
6260854680Objective POVA narrator who is totally impersonal and objective tells the story, with no comment on any characters or events75
6260854681PolysyndetonSentence which uses a conjunction with NO commas to separate the items in a series76
6260854682QuatrainA poem consisting of four lines, or four lines of a poem that can be considered a unit77
6260854683RhetoricArt of effective communication, especially persuasive discourse78
6260854684Rhetorical questionA question asked for an effect, and not actually requiring an answer79
6260854685RomanceIn general, a story in which an idealized hero or heroine undertakes a quest and is successful80
6260854686SatireA type of writing that ridicules the shortcomings of people or institutions in an attempt to bring about change81
6260854687SoliloquyA long speech made by a character in a play while no other characters are on stage82
6260854688Stream of consciousnessA style of writing that portrays the inner (often chaotic) workings of a characters mind83
6269283375SynecdocheA figure of speech in which a part represents the whole.84
6269283376Syntactic fluencyAbility to create a variety of sentence structures, appropriately complex and/or simple and varied in length85
6269283377Syntactic permutationSentence structures that are extraordinarily complex and involved.86
6269283378Telegraphic sentenceA sentence shorter than five words in length87
6269283379ToneAttitude of the writer toward the subject of a work, the characters in it, or the audience88
6269283380TricolonSentence of three parts of equal importance and length, usually three independent clauses89
6269283381VernacularThe languages spoken by the people who live in a particular locality90

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