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AP LITERATURE VOCAB SET Flashcards

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6827752038AbstractionsSomething that exists only as an idea. Example: "The question can no longer be treated as an academic abstraction"0
6827756768AllegoryA literary work in which characters, objects, or actions represent abstractions. Example: "Pilgrim's Progress is an allegory of the spiritual journey"1
6827760441Analysis of a processA method of paragraph or essay development by which a writer explains step by step how something is done or how to do something. Example: How To tie your shoes.2
6827760442AnapestTwo unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable Example: That host [with] their ban[ners] at sun[set] were seen: "3
6827760443AnaphoraA rhetorical figure of repetition in which the same word or phrase is repeated in (and usually at the beginning of) successive lines, clauses, or sentences. Example: Do in "I like it and so do they."4
6827764144Anecdotal narrativeA short account of an interesting or amusing incident usually intended to illustrate or support some point in an essay, article, or chapter of a book. Example: A group of coworkers are discussing pets, and one coworker tells a story about how her cat comes downstairs at only a certain time of the night.5
6827764145AntecedentThe word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. Example: "The weather is great today; let's make the most of it by going to the beach."6
6827764158Apostraphea figure of speech in which a speaker addresses a dead or non-present entity, an abstract quality or non-human as if it were present. Example: "Roll on blue ocean."7
6827768532Ballad Metera four-line stanza rhymed abcd with four feet in lines one and three and three feet in lines two and four. Example: Oh Danny boy, the pipes, the pipes are calling From glen to glen, and down the mountain side The summer's gone, and all the flowers are dying 'Tis you, 'tis you must go and I must bide.8
6827768538Biblical AllusionsReferences to figures, stories, or settings from the bible. Example: Antedeluvian is Latin for "before the flood," referring to the flood Noah rode out in Genesis.9
6827768539Blank verseUnrhymed iambic pentameter. Example: Something there is that doesn't love a wall. That sends the frozen-ground-swell under it, And spills the upper boulders in the sun;10
6827768540Categorical assertionStates how one thing relates to another in its entirety. Example: All parents worry about their children.11
6827776493Cause and effect analysisThis type of expository essay shows the causal link between one or more events or conditions. Examples: Electronic system is describe as casual in nature having a relationships between input and output.12
6827776494Celebratory odeCelebrates something. Example: All hail the brave and wise Latina! Compelling is her story! And jurisprudence her demeanor — She's on the path to glory!13
6827776510Classification and comparrisonGrouping of parts into classes or part families based on design attributes; when coding we assign numbers/symbols to them. Example: The whole Hindu population of India can be divided into four castes or varna.14
6827776511Complex structureone independent clause & at least one dependent clause. Example: "John left when his sister arrived."15
6827776512Conclusive logicputting an end to debate or question especially by reason of irrefutably. Example: the archaeological discovery was conclusive proof that the Vikings had indeed settled in North America around 1000 a.d.16
6827780025CoupletA pair of rhymed lines that may or may not constitute a separate stanza in a poem. Example: "Blessed are you whose worthiness gives scope,/Being had, to triumph; being lacked, to hope."17
6827780136DactylA metrical foot consisting of one accented syllable followed by two unaccented syllables. Example: Cannon to left of them, Cannon in front of them Volley'd and thunder'd18
6827780137DictionA writer's or speaker's choice of words. Example: "Hey, what's up, man? Lookin' cool in those shades you're wearin'!"19
6828084779Dimeter2 feet per line. Example: When I descend Toward the brink I stand and look And stop and drink And bathe my wings,20
6828086811Discursive Memoirpersonal experience. Example: Autobiography21
6828086812Dramatic DialoguePlaywrights also indicate non-verbal communication: silences, gestures, rhythms, and visual images. Example: JIM: Aw, aw, aw. Is it broken? LAURA: Now it is just like all the other horses. JIM: It's lost its— LAURA: Horn! It doesn't matter. . . . [smiling] I'll just imagine he had an operation. The horn was removed to make him feel less—freakish!22
6828089956Dramatic IronyIrony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play. Example: Two people are engaged to be married but the audience knows that the man is planning to run away with another woman.23
6828092199Elaborate MetaphorsA metaphor that an author develops over the course of many lines or an entire piece of literature. Example: "Bobby Holloway says my imagination is a three-hundred-ring circus. Currently I was in ring two hundred and ninety-nine, with elephants dancing and clowns cart wheeling and tigers leaping through rings of fire. The time had come to step back, leave the main tent, go buy some popcorn and a Coke, bliss out, cool down."24
6828092200Elegya sorrowful poem or speech. Example: "Bitter constraint, and sad occasion dear,/Compels me to disturb your season due:/For Lycidas is dead, dead ere his prime,/Young Lycidas, and hath not left his peer"25
6828094692Elevated Dictionformal or lofty speech. Example: "Could you be so kind as to pass me the milk?" Vs. "Give me that!"26
6828094693Ellipsisin a sentence, the omission of a word or words replaced by three periods. Example: "...sure."27
6828096158Emblema symbol, sign, token. Example: On the sides of the cake, she drew the Toyota emblem, finishing up with some scrolls.28
6828096159Euphemismsa word used in place of another word that is viewed as more disagreeable or offensive. Example: ""downsizing" as a euphemism for cuts"29
6828100979Evaluative ArgumentsAn evaluative argument makes a judgment on the performance of a particular item in its category. Example: "good" or "fair" or "unusual," etc. Or you may use any other term that connotes evaluation - i.e., "wise," "unwise," "solid," "shaky," "unfortunate."30
6828103431ExpositoryExplanatory. Example: "Chocolate chip cookies are one of the most popular desserts in the world. They can be either crispy or soft and have a sweet smell to them reminiscent of a bakery. They taste rich and melt in your mouth. When they bake, they 'wrinkle' up in the oven, and the combination of the nooks and crannies in the dough with the mouth-watering chocolate chips on top make them hard to resist."31
6828104763Extended MetaphorA metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work. Example: "But soft! What light through yonder window breaks? It is the East, and Juliet is the sun! Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon, Who is already sick and pale with grief."32
6828104764First person Narrativea narrative told by a character involved in the story, using first-person pronouns. Example: "I" and "We"33
6828107278ForeshadowA narrative device that hints at coming events; often builds suspense or anxiety in the reader. Example: A gun is a sign of upcoming events. Sometimes it will be hidden in a drawer or glove compartment.34
6828107279Heroic Epicepic that has the main purpose of telling the life story of a great hero. Example: Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace35
6828109929Hexameter6 feet per line. Example: Now had the season returned, when the nights grow colder and longer, And the retreating sun the sign of the Scorpion enters. Birds of passage sailed through the leaden air, from the ice-bound, Desolate northern bays to the shores of tropical islands.36
6828109930HyperboleA figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor. Example: It was so cold I saw polar bears wearing jackets.37
6828112602Hypotheticalbased on an assumption or guess; used as a provisional or tentative idea to guide or direct investigation. Example: a presenter is discussing statistical probability, instead of explaining probability in terms of equations, it may make more sense for the presenter to make up a hypothetical example.38
6828112603IambicA common meter in poetry consisting of an unrhymed line with five feet or accents, each foot containing an unaccented syllable and an accented syllable. Example: The way a crow Shook down on me The dust of snow From a hemlock tree39
6828114376ImageryDescription that appeals to the senses. Example: sight, sound, smell, touch, taste40
6828699394InferenceA conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning. Example: We had to put up with loud noise and constant interference from the neighbors.41
6828699395IronyA contrast between expectation and reality. Example: There are roaches infesting the office of a pest control service.42
6828701339Listsa series of names or other items written or printed together in a meaningful grouping or sequence so as to constitute a record sequence so as to constitute a record. Example: Eggs, cheese, milk.43
6828701340LyricA type of poetry that explores the poet's personal interpretation of and feelings about the world. Example: Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed,44
6828703450Malapropisma word humorously misused. Example: "Illiterate him quite from your memory" (obliterate) and "She's as headstrong as an allegory" (alligator)45
6828703451Metaphysical ConceitsExtended metaphor that controls the entire poem. Example: "Thou counterfeit'st a bark, a sea, a wind; For still thy eyes, which I may call the sea, Do ebb and flow with tears; the bark thy body is, Sailing in this salt flood; the winds, thy sighs; Who, raging with thy tears, and they with them, Without a sudden calm, will overset Thy tempest-tossed body."46
6828707694Multiple ModifiersDescriptive words, such as adjectives and adverbs. Example: Happy, silly, handsome.47
6828707695Narrative BalladA form of poetry that tells a story. Example: Light do I see within my Lady's eyes And loving spirits in its plenisphere Which bear in strange delight on my heart's care Till Joy's awakened from that sepulcher.48
6828710585Non Sequitursomething that does not logically follow. Example: The school in which my child goes to school is big. The classroom must be big.49
6828712090Direct objectthe object that receives the direct action of the verb. Example: the dog in "Jimmy fed the dog."50
6828712091OdeA lyric poem usually marked by serious, respectful, and exalted feelings toward the subject.. Example: There was a time when meadow, grove, and stream, The earth, and every common sight To me did seem Appareled in celestial light, The glory and the freshness of a dream. It is not now as it hath been of yore;-51
6828713583Octave8 line stanza. Example: For the moon never beams without bringing me dreams Of the beautiful Annabel Lee; And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes Of the beautiful Annabel Lee; And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the side Of my darling, my darling, my life and my bride, In the sepulcher there by the sea, In her tomb by the sounding sea.52
6828713584Omniscient(adj.) knowing everything; having unlimited awareness or understanding. Example: The Scarlet Letter, is an omniscient one, who scrutinizes the characters and narrates the story in a way that shows the readers that he has more knowledge.53
6828728759OnomatopoeiaA word that imitates the sound it represents. Example: Boom, slap, pow54
6828884745OxymoronA figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase. Example: Jumbo shrimp.55
6828884746ParableA simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson. Example: Bible exerts.56
6828885782ParadoxA statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth. Example: Less is more.57
6828886900Parallel structuresthe use of similar forms in writing for nouns, verbs, phrases, or thoughts. Example: "Friends, Romans, Countrymen, lend me your ears; I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him."58
6828889899Parallel syntaxrepetition of words, phrases, and clauses used in a concise manner. Example: Ashley likes to ski, to swim and to jump.59
6828902267Pastoral Elegya poem about both death and idyllic rural life. Example: "I would not be standing here today nor standing where I stand every day had she not chosen to sit down. I know that. I know that. I know that. I know that, and I honor that. Had she not chosen to say we shall not—we shall not be moved."60
6828902268Pentametera line of verse consisting of five metrical feet. Example: If music be the food of love, play on; Give me excess of it, that, surfeiting, The appetite may sicken, and so die. That strain again! it had a dying fall: O, it came o'er my ear like the sweet sound,61
6828906731Periodic sentenceA sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. Example: In spite of heavy snow and cold temperatures, the game continued.62
6829016892PersonificationA figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes. Example: Lightning danced across the sky.63
6829016893Phrasesa small group of words standing together as a conceptual unit, typically forming a component of a clause. Example: The lost puppy was a wet and stinky dog.64
6829018756Poetic dramaa narrative involving conflict. Example: "Prophet!" said I, "thing of evil!—prophet still, if bird or devil! By that Heaven that bends above us—by that God we both adore— Tell this soul with sorrow laden if, within the distant Aidenn, It shall clasp a sainted maiden whom the angels name Lenore— Clasp a rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore."65
6829018757Point of viewThe perspective from which a story is told. Example: "I felt like I was getting drowned with shame and disgrace."66
6829020197PunsA play on words. Example: Santa's helpers are known as subordinate Clauses.67
6829020198Qualifiera word or phrase that clarifies, modifies, or limits the meaning of another word or phrase. Example: Very good68
6829023588Reflective NarrativeA type of personal narrative in which writers share insights and observations about life. Example: Diary entries69
6829093596Rhetorical Purposethe reason for the speaker's remarks; or a definition of the attitude that the author would like the reader to adopt. Example: seeks to persuade an audience, seeks to manipulate the way that audience thinks about the given subject.70
6829094614Rhetorical Shiftthis occurs when the author of an essay significantly alters his or her diction, syntax, or both. Example: a spokesperson from the CDC is explaining a disease outbreak and giving her assessment of it. She might interrupt her explanation (expository mode) to give a full description of the illness' symptoms and means of treatment.71
6829094615Rhyme royal7 lines, poetry, iambic pentameter, fixed rhyme scheme. Example: The concept time is quite beyond my ken. String theory baffles brilliant folks and me. I'll not wax philosophical again. Perhaps I did already, shame on me. We'd be confused in synchronicity. For flies who live for but a single day, young boys and men would seem two breeds at play. We can tell larva and the grown-up fly are one, we see them grow. They must mistake we humans as a species that won't die72
6829097073RhythmA regularly recurring sequence of events or actions. Example: "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?"73
6829098456Self-ParodyThe intentional or inadvertent parodying or exaggeration of one's usual behavior or speech. Example: "they are soft-spoken and clean-cut to the point of self-parody"74
6829101723Sestet6 line stanza. Example: "And when I feel, fair creature of an hour! That I shall never look upon thee more, Never have relish in the faery power Of unreflecting love! — then on the shore Of the wide world I stand alone, and think Till Love and Fame to nothingness do sink."75
6829101724Slant rhymeWords that end in similar but not exact sounds. Example: "Hope" is the thing with feathers That perches in the soul And sings the tune without the words And never stops at all,76
6829105438SoliloquyA long speech expressing the thoughts of a character alone on stage. Example: "Yet art thou still but Faustus and a man"77
6829105439SpeakerA person who speaks. Example: The speaker in Frost's poem "The Road Not Taken" is a conflicted person, who does not tell anything about himself.78
6829108891Spondeea metrical unit with stressed-stressed syllables. Example: By the shore of Gitche Gumee, By the shining Big-Sea-Water, At the doorway of his wigwam,... All the air was full of freshness, All the earth was bright and joyous, And before him, through the sunshine, Westward toward the neighboring forest... Burning, singing in the sunshine.79
6829268330StanzaA group of lines in a poem. Example: I love to write Day and night What would my heart do But cry, sigh and be blue If I could not write (Second Stanza) Writing feels good And I know it should Who could have knew That what I do Is write, write, write80
6829270795Stream of conscious narrationA method of narration that describes in words the flow of thoughts in the minds of the characters. Example: "... it is nothing joined; it flows. A 'river' or a 'stream' is the metaphors by which it is most naturally described. In talking of it hereafter, let's call it the stream of thought, consciousness, or subjective life."81
6829270796StyleA basic and distinctive mode of expression. Example: The pleasures of the imagination, taken in their full extent, are not so gross as those of sense... A man of polite imagination is let into a great many pleasures...82
6829273739SymbolA thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract. Example: Black is used to represent death or evil.83
6829274965SynecdocheA figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa. Example: The word "bread" can be used to represent food in general or money.84
6829274966TetrameterFour feet. Example: 'I think that I shall never see A poem lovely as a tree. A tree whose hungry mouth is prest Against the earth's sweet flowing breast; A tree that looks at God all day, And lifts her leafy arms to pray;85
6829278730Traditional Ballad stanzaThe four-line stanza, known as a quatrain, most often found in the folk ballad. Example: It is an ancient Mariner, And he stoppeth one of three. 'By thy long grey beard and glittering eye, Now wherefore stopp'st thou me?86
6829280125Third person narrationThe story is told from the point of view of an outside narrator. Example: Not using "I" or "We".87
6829282077TrimeterThree feet. Example: "Is like a pleasant sleep,/ Wherein I rest and heed/ The dreams that by me sweep."88
6829286224TrocheeA metrical foot consisting of one accented syllable followed by one unaccented syllable. Example: words include "garden" and "highway."89
6829389884Understatementthe presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is. Example: "a master of English understatement"90
6829389885Angerire. Example: "the colonel's anger at his daughter's disobedience"91
6829391581AppreciativeExpressing or feeling thankfulness. Example: "the team is very appreciative of your support"92
6829393054Assumed arroganceThe quality of being arrogant. Example: "the arrogance of this man is astounding"93
6829393055AweSolemn wonder. Example: A person is filled with admiration at the sight of the Grand Canyon94
6829395756Bitterness tempted by maturityHaving a harsh, disagreeably acrid taste. Example: "And you?" she asked, bitterness in her voice.95
6829395757Broadly sympatheticFeeling, showing, or expressing sympathy. Example: "he was sympathetic toward staff with family problems"96
6829398793Careful objectivityThe state or quality of being objective. Example: The very notion of objectivity and truth therefore disappears.97
6829398794Cheerful gleeOpen delight or pleasure. Example: exultant joy; exultation.98
6829400418Conciliatory-describes an approach that is flexible and yielding; willing to make concessions to restore harmony. Example: a handshake after you have just clearly defeated and angered your opponent.99
6829719780Cynical ExaggerationA statement that represents something as better or worse than it really is. Example: "it would be an exaggeration to say I had morning sickness, but I did feel queasy"100
6829719781DespondantDepressed, gloomy. Example: Marilyn was despondent after her husband of fifty years died.101
6829722136DidacticInstructive. Example: Here is a poor burdened sinner. I come from the City of Destruction, but am going to Mount Zion, that I may be delivered from the Wrath to come; I would therefore, Sir, since I am informed that by this Gate is the Way thither, know if you are willing to let me in?102
6829722137Disappointmentdismay. Example: "to her disappointment, there was no chance to talk privately with Luke"103
6829724157DispassionateUnbiased, not having a selfish or personal motivation. Example: Calm, lacking emotion104
6829778138Elegant Disdainto look upon or treat with contempt. Example: despise; scorn.105
6829787167Emotional judgementThe forming of an opinion, estimate, notion, or conclusion, as from circumstances presented to the mind. Example: Don't rush to judgment without examining the evidence.106
6829809628Expansive and self-dramatizingExaggerating one's own qualities, role, situation. Example: dramatic effect or as an attention-getting device; presenting oneself dramatically.107
6829819463Fearfulapprehensive. Example: Timorous108
6829826026Feigned BitternessFake anger. Example: Tom's mom was only mad at him to make him a better person.109
6829827744Feigned sympathyFake pity or sorrow. Example: Jake didn't really care if his friend's mom died or not.110
6829832766Fond AdmirationA feeling of wonder, pleasure, or approval. Example: The look in the eyes of a couple in love.111
6829843795Forced gleeforced open delight or pleasure. Example: exultant joy; exultation.112
6829845197Gentle disapprovalThe act or state of disapproving. Example: Andre raised his eyebrow in polite disapproval, the same way his father did.113
6829845198Gentle sarcasmharsh or bitter derision or irony. Example: "Well, this day was a total waste of makeup."114
6829855610Gratitude made richer by love.The quality or feeling of being grateful or thankful. Example: He carried on with Bianca like the sister she now was, and Jule couldn't help feeling a sense of gratitude towards the small woman with the quick smile, warm gaze, and healing energy.115
6829857613Grudging respectEsteem for or a sense of the worth or excellence of a person, a personal quality or ability. Example: Something considered as a manifestation of a personal quality or ability.116
6829859917Grudgingly tolerantdisplaying or reflecting reluctance or unwillingness. Example: grudging acceptance of the victory of an opponent.117
6829892450Hopefulfull of hope. Example: Expressing hope118
6829892451Intelligent respectEsteem for or a sense of the worth or excellence of a person, a personal quality or ability. Example: Something considered as a manifestation of a personal quality or ability.119
6829958311Ironic AngerA strong feeling of displeasure and belligerence aroused by a wrong. Example: wrath.120
6829960841Ironic grimnessStern and admitting of no appeasement or compromise.121
6829963516Irreversible RespectThe irreversible change of respect one has for someone or something. Example: Loving an idol.122
6829965286Jaded DisgustTo cause loathing or nausea in. Examples: Hillary Clinton123
6829997203Jealousya protective reaction to a perceived threat to a valued relationship. Example: Envious of someone.124
6829999022Light and cheerfulCharacterized by or expressive of good spirits or cheerfulness. Example: Having a festive outing with family.125
6830005711Mild AmusementSomewhat finding something funny. Example: Someone telling a dirty joke.126
6830005712Mildly disapprovingExpressing an unfavorable opinion. Example: "he shot a disapproving glance at her"127
6830026842Nostalgiclonging for the past. Example: Finding a piece of your childhood and reminiscing about the past.128
6830026843Objectivityneutral, fact-based approach. Example: "the piece lacked any objectivity"129
6830028704Open hostilityAnimosity. Example: "their hostility to all outsiders"130
6830045264Perplexity strengthened by resentmentInability to deal with or understand something complicated or unaccountable. Example: "she paused in perplexity"131
6830045265PityCondolence. Example: "Clare didn't know whether to envy or pity them"132
6830055646Playful seriousnessFull of play in a serious fashion. Example: Humorous, jocular.133
6830055647RegretRemorse. Example: "I regret not going to college and getting a degree."134
6830058438ReproachfulExpressing disapproval or disappointment. Example: "Excuse my coming to you, cousin," she said in a reproachful and agitated voice.135
6830086570Respect strengthened by distanceA feeling of deep admiration for someone or something elicited by their abilities, qualities, or achievements. Example: "the director had a lot of respect for Douglas as an actor"136
6830086571Respectful aweSeeing something amazing in respect for it. Example: "they gazed in awe at the small mountain of diamonds"137
6830088708ReverentFeeling or expressing very deep respect and awe. Example: "Finally I am back on the team"138
6830110562Sarcastic VindictivenessHaving or showing a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge. Example: "The criticism was both vindictive and personalized"139
6830112405Sardonic condemnationThe expression of very strong disapproval; censure. Example: "There was strong international condemnation of the attack"140
6830112406ScornfulContemptuous. Example: "The justices have been scornful of the government's conduct"141
6830115377Servility imparted by disciplineAn excessive willingness to serve or please others. Example: "A classic example of media servility"142
6830115378Sharply CriticalExpressing adverse or disapproving comments or judgments. Example: "He was critical of many U.S. welfare programs"143
6830117745Somber melancholyA feeling of pensive sadness, typically with no obvious cause. Example: "An air of melancholy surrounded him"144
6830117746Testy and criticalEasily irritated. Example: Impatient and somewhat bad-tempered.145
6830120449Thoughtless contemptThe feeling that a person or a thing is beneath consideration, worthless, or deserving scorn. Example: "He showed his contempt for his job by doing it very badly"146
6830120450TragicA literary character who makes an error of judgment or has a fatal flaw that, combined with fate and external forces, brings on a tragedy. Example: "The shooting was a tragic accident"147
6830120451Vaguely amusedCause (someone) to find something funny; entertain. Example: "He made faces to amuse her"148
6830122839Warm affirmationThe action or process of affirming something or being affirmed. Example: "He nodded in affirmation"149
6830125458Wry disdainThe feeling that someone or something is unworthy of one's consideration or respect; contempt. Example: "Her upper lip curled in disdain"150

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