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AP Literature Vocabulary Flashcards

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11840990133admonishto reprove mildly or kindly, but seriously; to caution or warn0
11840990134apathylack of emotion or feeling; lack of interest in things generally found exciting; indifference1
11840990135audaciousfearlessly daring; bold (think audacity)2
11840990136belligerentgiven to or marked by hostile or aggressive behavior3
11840990137bombastichigh-sounding; high-flown; inflated; pretentious; pompous4
11840990138brusqueabrupt in manner; blunt5
11840990139callousemotionally hardened; insensitive; unfeeling (think calluses on your hands—they are toughened!)6
11840990140cholericbad tempered7
11840990141contemptuousmanifesting reproachful disdain; scornful8
11840990142curtrudely brief in speech or abrupt in manner; short, brief, concise9
11840990143divisivecreating discord or dissension10
11840990144drollamusingly odd; whimsically comical11
11840990145earnestdetermined; eager; showing deep sincerity or feeling; serious12
11840990146elatedupraised in spirits; lively and joyful13
11840990147esotericunderstood by or meant for only the select few who have special knowledge or interest14
11840990148exuberantfull of unrestrained high spirits; lavish; overflowing15
11840990149feverenthaving or showing great emotion or warmth; passionate; ardent; extremely hot16
11840990150flippantmarked by disrespectful levity; pert17
11840990151grandiosecharacterized by greatness of scope or intent; grand; pompous18
11840990152haughtyproud to the point of arrogance; scornful and self-satisfied19
11840990153idiomaticpeculiar to or characteristic of a particular langue or dialect; containing or using many idioms (an expression whose meaning is not predictable from the usual meanings of its constituent elements; i.e. kick the bucket)20
11840990154inflatedto cause to increase unduly (an inflated ego); puffed up; hollow and enlarged21
11840990155insolentpresumptuous and insulting in manner or speech; arrogant; audaciously impudent22
11840990156irreverentlacking in reverence; disrespectful23
11840990157jovialmarked by hearty conviviality; jolly24
11840990158nuancea slight or slight variation, as in meaning, color, or quality; a gradation25
11840990159obsceneoffensive to accepted standards of decency or modestly; inciting lustful feelings; indecent; lewd26
11840990160obscurenot clear or plain; ambiguous, vague or uncertain27
11840990161obsequiousfull of servile compliance; fawning; submissive and obedient; dutiful28
11840990162ominousbeing or pertaining to an evil omen; portentous; foreboding; menacing; threatening29
11840990163ostensiblyapparent; showing; revealing; obviously or manifestly demonstrative30
11840990164patronizinglyto go to regularly as a customer; to treat in an offensively condescending manner31
11840990165pedanticoverly concerned with minute details or formalisms, especially in teaching32
11840990166poignantneat, skillful, and to the point; piercing; incisive, astute; relevant; keenly distressing to the mind33
11840990167pompouscharacterized by an exaggerated show of dignity or self-importance; pretentious; bombastic in speech or manner34
11840990168portentousof the nature of or constituting a portent (an indication of something momentous or calamitous about to occur); foreboding; ominous35
11840990169pragmaticdealing with facts or actual occurrences; practical; active rather than contemplative36
11840990170pretentiouscharacterized by assumption of dignity or importance37
11840990171provincialbelonging or peculiar to some particular province; local; having the characteristic of unsophisticated inhabitants of a province38
11840990172reverentfeeling or showing reverence (a feeling of profound awe and respect and often of love; veneration)39
11840990173ribaldpertaining to or indulging in vulgar, lewd humor40
11840990174staidprudently reserved and colorless in style, manner, or behavior; grave; sober41
11840990175surelysullenly rude and ill-humored; brazenly uncivil; gruff; arrogant; domineering42
11840990176terseeffectively concise; free of superfluity43
11840990177vexedirritated; annoyed; troubled; much discussed or debated; brought up repeatedly44
11840990178visceralintensely emotional45
11840990179whimsicalcapricious; playful46
11840990180wistfulfull of melancholy yearning; longing pensively; wishful47
11840990181wryabnormally twisted or bent to one side; crooked; drily humorous, often with a touch of irony48
11840990182zealousfilled with or motivated by zeal (enthusiastic and diligent devotion in pursuit of a cause, ideal, or goal); ardent; enthusiastic; fervent49
11840990183allegorystory or poem in which characters, settings, and events stand for other people or events or for abstract ideas or qualities50
11840990184alliterationrepetition of the same or similar consonant sounds in words that are close together51
11840990185allusionreference to someone or something that is known from history, literature, religion, politics, sports, science, or another branch of culture. An indirect reference to something (usually from literature, etc.)52
11840990186ambiguitydeliberately suggesting two or more different, and sometimes conflicting, meanings in a work. An event or situation that may be interpreted in more than one way- - this is done on purpose by the author, when it is not done on purpose, it is vagueness, and detracts from the work53
11840990187analogyomparison made between two things to show how they are alike54
11840990188anaphoraRepetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row. This is a deliberate form of repetition and helps make the writer's point more coherent55
11840990189anastropheInversion of the usual, normal, or logical order of the parts of a sentence. Purpose is rhythm or emphasis or euphony. It is a fancy word for inversion.56
11840990190anecdoteBrief story, told to illustrate a point or serve as an example of something, often shows character of an individual57
11840990191antagonistOpponent who struggles against or blocks the hero, or protagonist, in a story.58
11840990192antimetaboleRepetition of words in successive clauses in reverse grammatical order.59
11840990193antithesisBalancing words, phrases, or ideas that are strongly contrasted, often by means of grammatical structure.60
11840990194antiheroCentral character who lacks all the qualities traditionally associated with heroes. may lack courage, grace, intelligence, or moral scruples.61
11840990195anthropomorphismattributing human characteristics to an animal or inanimate object (Personification)62
11840990196aphorismbrief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life, or of a principle or accepted general truth. Also called maxim, epigram.63
11840990197apostrophecalling out to an imaginary, dead, or absent person, or to a place or thing, or a personified abstract idea. If the character is asking a god or goddess for inspiration it is called an invocation.64
11840990198appositionPlacing in immediately succeeding order of two or more coordinate elements, the latter of which is an explanation, qualification, or modification of the first (often set off by a colon).65
11840990199assonancethe repetition of similar vowel sounds followed by different consonant sounds especially in words that are together.66
11840990200asyndetonCommas used without conjunction to separate a series of words, thus emphasizing the parts equally: instead of X, Y, and Z... the writer uses X,Y,Z....67
11840990201balanceConstructing a sentence so that both halves are about the same length and importance. Sentences can be unbalanced to serve a special effect as well.68
11840990202characterizationthe process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character.69
11840990203indirect characterizationthe author reveals to the reader what the character is like by describing how the character looks and dresses, by letting the reader hear what the character says, by revealing the character's private thoughts and feelings, by revealing the characters effect on other people (showing how other characters feel or behave toward the character), or by showing the character in action. Common in modern literature70
11840990204direct characterizationthe author tells us directly what the character is like: sneaky, generous, mean to pets and so on. Romantic style literature relied more heavily on this form.71
11840990205static characterizationis one who does not change much in the course of a story.72
11840990206dynamic characteris one who changes in some important way as a result of the story's action.73
11840990207flat characterhas only one or two personality traits. They are one dimensional, like a piece of cardboard. They can be summed up in one phrase.74
11840990208round characterhas more dimensions to their personalities---they are complex, just a real people are.75
11840990209chiasmusIn poetry, a type of rhetorical balance in which the second part is syntactically balanced against the first, but with the parts reversed.76
11840990210clicheis a word or phrase, often a figure of speech, that has become lifeless because of overuse.77
11840990211colloquialisma word or phrase in everyday use in conversation and informal writing but is inappropriate for formal situations.78
11840990212comedyin general, a story that ends with a happy resolution of the conflicts faced by the main character or characters.79
11840990213conceitan elaborate metaphor that compares two things that are startlingly different. Often an extended metaphor.80
11840990214confessional poetrya twentieth century term used to describe poetry that uses intimate material from the poet's life.81
11840990215conflictthe struggle between opposing forces or characters in a story.82
11840990216external conflictconflicts can exist between two people, between a person and nature or a machine or between a person a whole society.83
11840990217internal conflicta conflict can be internal, involving opposing forces within a person's mind.84
11840990218connotationthe associations and emotional overtones that have become attached to a word or phrase, in addition to its strict dictionary definition.85
11840990219couplettwo consecutive rhyming lines of poetry.86
11840990220dialecta way of speaking that is characteristic of a certain social group or of the inhabitants of a certain geographical area.87
11840990221dictiona speaker or writer's choice of words.88
11840990222didacticform of fiction or nonfiction that teaches a specific lesson or moral or provides a model of correct behavior or thinking.89
11840990223elegya poem of mourning, usually about someone who has died. A Eulogy is great praise or commendation, a laudatory speech, often about someone who has died.90
11840990224epanalepsisdevice of repetition in which the same expression (single word or phrase) is repeated both at the beginning and at the end of the line, clause, or sentence. Voltaire: "Common sense is not so common."91
11840990225epica long narrative poem, written in heightened language , which recounts the deeds of a heroic character who embodies the values of a particular society.92
11840990226epigrapha quotation or aphorism at the beginning of a literary work suggestive of the theme.93
11840990227epistropheDevice of repetition in which the same expression (single word or phrase) is repeated at the end of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences (it is the opposite of anaphora).94
11840990228epithetan adjective or adjective phrase applied to a person or thing that is frequently used to emphasize a characteristic quality. "Father of our country" and "the great Emancipator" are examples.95
11840990229essaya short piece of nonfiction prose in which the writer discusses some aspect of a subject.96
11840990230argumentationone of the four forms of discourse which uses logic, ethics, and emotional appeals (logos, ethos, pathos) to develop an effective means to convince the reader to think or act in a certain way.97
11840990231persuasionrelies more on emotional appeals than on facts98
11840990232argumentform of persuasion that appeals to reason instead of emotion to convince an audience to think or act in a certain way.99
11840990233casual relationshipForm of argumentation in which the writer claims that one thing results from another, often used as part of a logical argument.100
11840990234descriptiona form of discourse that uses language to create a mood or emotion.101
11840990235expositionone of the four major forms of discourse, in which something is explained or "set forth.";introduces characters, situation, and setting102
11840990236narrativethe form of discourse that tells about a series of events.103
11840990237explicationact of interpreting or discovering the meaning of a text, usually involves close reading and special attention to figurative language.104
11840990238fablea very short story told in prose or poetry that teaches a practical lesson about how to succeed in life.105
11840990239farcea type of comedy in which ridiculous and often stereotyped characters are involved in silly, far-fetched situations.106
11840990240figurative languageWords which are inaccurate if interpreted literally, but are used to describe. Similes and metaphors are common forms.107
11840990241flashbacka scene that interrupts the normal chronological sequence of events in a story to depict something that happened at an earlier time.108
11840990242foilA character who acts as contrast to another character. Often a funny side kick to the dashing hero, or a villain contrasting the hero.109
11840990243foreshadowingthe use of hints and clues to suggest what will happen later in a plot.110
11840990244free versepoetry that does not conform to a regular meter or rhyme scheme.111
11840990245hyperbolea figure of speech that uses an incredible exaggeration or overstatement, for effect. "If I told you once, I've told you a million times...."112
11840990246hypotacticsentence marked by the use of connecting words between clauses or sentences, explicitly showing the logical or other relationships between them. (Use of such syntactic subordination of just one clause to another is known as hypotaxis). I am tired because it is hot.113
11840990247imagerythe use of language to evoke a picture or a concrete sensation of a person , a thing, a place, or an experience.114
11840990248inversionthe reversal of the normal word order in a sentence or phrase115
11840990249ironya discrepancy between appearances and reality.116
11840990250verbal ironyoccurs when someone says one thing but really means something else.117
11840990251situational ironytakes place when there is a discrepancy between what is expected to happen, or what would be appropriate to happen, and what really does happen.118
11840990252dramatic ironyis so called because it is often used on stage. A character in the play or story thinks one thing is true, but the audience or reader knows better.119
11840990253juxtapositionpoetic and rhetorical device in which normally unassociated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another, creating an effect of surprise and wit.120
11840990254litotesis a form of understatement in which the positive form is emphasized through the negation of a negative form121
11840990255local colora term applied to fiction or poetry which tends to place special emphasis on a particular setting, including its customs, clothing, dialect and landscape.122
11840990256loose sentenceone in which the main clause comes first, followed by further dependent grammatical units.123
11840990257lyric poema poem that does not tell a story but expresses the personal feelings or thoughts of the speaker. A ballad tells a story.124
11840990258metaphora figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things without the use of such specific words of comparison as like, as, than, or resembles.125
11840990259implied metaphordoes not state explicitly the two terms of the comparison: "I like to see it lap the miles" is an implied metaphor in which the verb lap implies a comparison between "it" and some animal that "laps" up water.126
11840990260extended metaphoris a metaphor that is extended or developed as far as the writer wants to take it. (conceit if it is quite elaborate).127
11840990261dead metaphoris a metaphor that has been used so often that the comparison is no longer vivid: "The head of the house", "the seat of the government", "a knotty problem" are all dead metaphors.128
11840990262mixed metaphoris a metaphor that has gotten out of control and mixes its terms so that they are visually or imaginatively incompatible. "The President is a lame duck who is running out of gas."129
11840990263metonymya figure of speech in which a person, place, or thing, is referred to by something closely associated with it. "We requested from the crown support for our petition." The crown is used to represent the monarch.130
11840990264moodAn atmosphere created by a writer's diction and the details selected.131
11840990265motifa recurring image, word, phrase, action, idea, object, or situation used throughout a work (or in several works by one author), unifying the work by tying the current situation to previous ones, or new ideas to the theme. Kurt Vonnegut uses "So it goes" throughout Slaughterhouse-Five to remind the reader of the senselessness of death.132
11840990266motivationthe reasons for a character's behavior.133
11840990267onomatopoeiathe use of words whose sounds echo their sense. "Pop." "Zap."134
11840990268oxymorona figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase. "Jumbo shrimp." "Pretty ugly." "Bitter-sweet"135
11840990269parablea relatively short story that teaches a moral, or lesson about how to lead a good life.136
11840990270paradoxa statement that appears self-contradictory, but that reveals a kind of truth.137
11840990271koanis a paradox used in Zen Buddhism to gain intuitive knowledge: "What is the sound of one hand clapping?"138
11840990272parallel structure(parallelism) the repetition of words or phrases that have similar grammatical structures.139
11840990273paratactic sentencesimply juxtaposes clauses or sentences. I am tired: it is hot.140
11840990274parodya work that makes fun of another work by imitating some aspect of the writer's style.141
11840990275periodicsentence that places the main idea or central complete thought at the end of the sentence, after all introductory elements.142
11840990276personificationa figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes.143
11840990277plotthe series of related events in a story or play, sometimes called the storyline.144
11840990278rising actioncomplications in conflict and situations (may introduce new ones as well)145
11840990279climaxthat point in a plot that creates the greatest intensity, suspense, or interest. Also called "turning point"146
11840990280resolutionthe conclusion of a story, when all or most of the conflicts have been settled; often called the denouement.147
11840990281point of viewthe vantage point from which the writer tells the story.148
11840990282first person POVone of the characters tells the story.149
11840990283third person POVan unknown narrator, tells the story, but this narrator zooms in to focus on the thoughts and feelings of only one character.150
11840990284omniscient POVan omniscient or all knowing narrator tells the story, also using the third person pronouns. This narrator, instead of focusing on one character only, often tells us everything about many characters.151
11840990285objective POVa narrator who is totally impersonal and objective tells the story, with no comment on any characters or events.152
11840990286polysyndetonsentence which uses a conjunction with NO commas to separate the items in a series. Instead of X, Y, and Z... it is X and Y and Z... Kurt Vonnegut uses this device.153
11840990287protagonistthe central character in a story, the one who initiates or drives the action. Usually the hero or anti-hero; in a tragic hero, like John Proctor of The Crucible, there is always a hamartia, or tragic flaw in his character which will lead to his downfall.154
11840990288puna "play on words" based on the multiple meanings of a single word or on words that sound alike but mean different things.155
11840990289quatraina poem consisting of four lines, or four lines of a poem that can be considered as a unit.156
11840990290refraina word, phrase, line, or group of lines that is repeated, for effect, several times in a poem.157
11840990291rhythma rise and fall of the voice produced by the alternation of stressed and unstressed syllables in language.158
11840990292rhetoricArt of effective communication, especially persuasive discourse.159
11840990293rhetorical questiona question asked for an effect, and not actually requiring an answer.160
11840990294romancein general, a story in which an idealized hero or heroine undertakes a quest and is successful.161
11840990295satirea type of writing that ridicules the shortcomings of people or institutions in an attempt to bring about a change.162
11840990296similea figure of speech that makes an explicitly comparison between two unlike things, using words such as like, as , than, or resembles.163
11840990297soliloquya long speech made by a character in a play while no other characters are on stage.164
11840990298stereotypea fixed idea or conception of a character or an idea which does not allow for any individuality, often based on religious, social, or racial prejudices.165
11840990299stream of consciousnessa style of writing that portrays the inner (often chaotic) workings of a character's mind.166
11840990300stylethe distinctive way in which a writer uses language: a writer's distinctive use of diction, tone, and syntax.167
11840990301suspensea feeling of uncertainty and curiosity about what will happen next in a story.168
11840990302symbola person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself and that also stands for something more than itself.169
11840990303synecdochea figure of speech in which a part represents the whole. "If you don't drive properly, you will lose your wheels." The wheels represent the entire car.170
11840990304syntactic fluencyAbility to create a variety of sentence structures, appropriately complex and/or simple and varied in length.171
11840990305syntactic permutationSentence structures that are extraordinarily complex and involved. Often difficult for a reader to follow.172
11840990306tall talean outrageously exaggerated, humorous story that is obviously unbelievable.173
11840990307telegraphic sentenceA sentence shorter than five words in length.174
11840990308themethe insight about human life that is revealed in a literary work.175
11840990309tonethe attitude a writer takes toward the subject of a work, the characters in it, or the audience, revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization.176
11840990310tragedyin general, a story in which a heroic character either dies or comes to some other unhappy end.177
11840990311tricolonSentence of three parts of equal importance and length, usually three independent clauses.178
11840990312understatementa statement that says less than what is meant.179
11840990313unityUnified parts of the writing are related to one central idea or organizing principle. Unity is dependent upon coherence.180
11840990314vernacularthe language spoken by the people who live in a particular locality.181
11840990315impressionisma nineteenth-century movement in literature and art which advocated a recording of the artist's personal impressions of the world, rather than a strict representation of reality.182
11840990316modernisma term for the bold new experimental styles and forms that swept the arts during the first third of the twentieth century183
11840990317naturalisma nineteenth century literary movement that was an extension of realism and that claimed to portray life exactly as it was.184
11840990318plain styleWriting style that stresses simplicity and clarity of expression (but will still utilize allusions and metaphors), and was the main form of the Puritan writers.185
11840990319puritanismWriting style of America's early English-speaking colonists. emphasizes obedience to God and consists mainly of journals, sermons, and poems.186
11840990320rationalisma movement that began in Europe in the seventeenth century, which held that we can arrive at truth by using our reason rather than relying on the authority of the past, on the authority of the Church, or an institution. ALSO CALLED NEOCLASSICISM AND AGE OF REASON187
11840990321realisma style of writing, developed in the nineteenth century, that attempts to depict life accurately without idealizing or romanticizing it.188
11840990322regionalismliterature that emphasizes a specific geographic setting and that reproduces the speech, behavior, and attitudes of the people who live in that region.189
11840990323romanticisma revolt against Rationalism that affected literature and the other arts, beginning in the late eighteenth century and remaining strong throughout most of the nineteenth century.190
11840990324surrealismin movement in art and literature that started in Europe during the 1920s. Surrealists wanted to replace conventional realism with the full expression of the unconscious mind, which they considered to be more real than the "real" world of appearances.191
11840990325symbolisma literary movement that originated in late nineteenth century France, in which writers rearranged the world of appearances in order to reveal a more truthful version of reality.192
11840990326transcendentalisma nineteenth century movement in the Romantic tradition , which held that every individual can reach ultimate truths through spiritual intuition, which transcends reasons and sensory experience.193
11840990327abstrusedifficult to understand194
11840990328artificiala language invented for a specific purpose and based on a set of prescribed rules; not genuine or natural195
11840990329colloquialcharacteristic of or appropriate to the spoken language or to writing that seeks the effect of speech; informal196
11840990330concreteof or relating to an actual, specific thing or instance; particular197
11840990331connotativesuggest or imply in addition to a literal meaning; words with suggested or associated meanings198
11840990332culturededucated, polished, and refined199
11840990333detachedmarked by an absence of emotional involvement, and an impersonal objectivity200
11840990334diatribea bitter, abusive denunciation201
11840990335eloquencea form of persuasion involving word choices based on moving an audience202
11840990336emotionala strong feeling that arises subjectively rather than through conscious effort203
11840990337euphemisticsubstituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for one considered harsh, blunt, or offensive204
11840990338exactstrictly and completely in accord with fact; not deviating from truth or reality205
11840990339figurativebased on or making use of figures of speech; metaphorical206
11840990340grotesquecharacterized by ludicrous or incongruous distortion as of appearance or manner207
11840990341homespunsimple and homely; unpretentious208
11840990342incongruouslacking in harmony; incompatible and inconsistent209
11840990343insipidlacking flavor or zest; dull210
11840990344jargona hybrid language or dialogue; a pidgin (nonsensical, incoherent, or meaningless language)211
11840990345learneddemonstrating profound, often systematic knowledge; erudite212
11840990346literalconforming to the exact or primary meaning of a word or words; factual213
11840990347moralisticcharacterized by displaying the quality of being in accord with standards of right and good conduct214
11840990348picturesquestrikingly expressive or vivid215
11840990349plainnot elaborate or complicated; simple; unaffected and unpretentious216
11840990350poetichaving a quality or style characteristic of poetry217
11840990351preciseclearly expressed or delineated218
11840990352schmaltzyof or marked by excessive or maudlin sentimentality219
11840990353scholarlycharacteristic of knowledge resulting from study of research (in a particular field)220
11840990354sensuousappealing to a gratifying of the senses (aesthetics)221
11840990355simplenot involved or complicated222
11840990356slanga kind of language occurring chiefly in casual and playful speech; made up typically of short- lived coinages and figures of speech that are used deliberately in place of standard terms for added raciness, humor, irreverence or other affect; (language peculiar to a group)223
11840990357symbolicexpressed by the representations of something else by association, resemblance, or convention224
11840990358tritelacking power to evoke interest through overuse or repetition; hackneyed225
11840990359vulgardeficient in taste, delicacy, or refinement; crudely indecent226
11840990360accusatorycharging of wrong doing227
11840990361apatheticindifferent due to lack of energy or concern228
11840990362awesolemn wonder229
11840990363bitterexhibiting strong animosity as a result of pain or grief230
11840990364cynicalquestions the basic sincerity and goodness of people231
11840990365condescension; condescendinga feeling of superiority232
11840990366contemplativestudying, thinking, reflecting on an issue233
11840990367criticalfinding fault234
11840990368causticintense use of sarcasm; stinging, biting235
11840990369conventionallacking spontaneity, originality, and individuality236
11840990370disdainfulscornful237
11840990371derisiveridiculing, mocking238
11840990372eruditelearned, polished, scholarly239
11840990373fancifulusing the imagination240
11840990374forthrightdirectly frank without hesitation241
11840990375gloomydarkness, sadness, rejection242
11840990376indignantmarked by anger aroused by injustice243
11840990377intimatevery familiar244
11840990378judgementalauthoritative and often having critical opinions245
11840990379lyricalexpressing a poet's inner feelings; emotional; full of images; song-like246
11840990380matter-of-factaccepting of conditions; not fanciful or emotional247
11840990381mockingtreating with contempt or ridicule248
11840990382morosegloomy, sullen, surly, despondent249
11840990383maliciouspurposely hurtful250
11840990384objectivean unbiased view-able to leave personal judgments aside251
11840990385optimistichopeful, cheerful252
11840990386patronizingair of condescension253
11840990387pessimisticseeing the worst side of things; no hope254
11840990388quizzicalodd, eccentric, amusing255
11840990389ridiculingslightly contemptuous banter; making fun of256
11840990390reflectiveillustrating innermost thoughts and emotions257
11840990391sarcasticsneering, caustic258
11840990392sardonicscornfully and bitterly sarcastic259
11840990393satiricridiculing to show weakness in order to make a point, teach260
11840990394sincerewithout deceit or pretense; genuine261
11840990395solemndeeply earnest, tending toward sad reflection262
11840990396sanguineousoptimistic, cheerful263

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