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AP Literature Vocabulary Flashcards

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3985270786EpitaphA short poem or verse written in memory of someone0
3985270787Extended MetaphorA figure of speech that compares two essentially unlike things in great length1
3985270788Point of ViewFirst person: one character from the "I" perspective Second person: refers to the use of "you" in explanations or arguments Third person limited/objective: the person telling the story is not one of the characters in the story Third person omniscient: the narrator is not a characyer in the story, but the events are seen through the eyes of more than one of the characters. This narrator is "all knowing."2
3985270789FlashbackAn interruption of the chronological sequence of an event if earlier occurrence.3
3985270790MoodThe feeling that a literary work conveys to the reader4
3985270791NarratorOne who tells a story; the speaker or the "voice"5
3985270792NovelA work of fiction that is longer and more complex than a short story.6
3985270793OxymoronA form of figurative language combining contradictory words or ideas (ex. Jumbo shrimp, bittersweet)7
3985270794ParallelismThe use of similar grammatical constructions to express ideas that are related or equal in importance.8
3985270795ProtagonistThe main character who is central to the plot.9
3985270796AntagonistA character who deceives, frustrates, or works against the main character.10
4065754554AuthorThe writer of a book, article, or other text.11
4065754555AutobiographyA form of nonfiction in which a person tells the story of his or her life.12
4065754556BiographyThe story of a person's life that is written by someone else.13
4065754557DramaA form of literature meant to be performed by actors before an audience. The dialogue tells the story and the written form of the play is a script.14
4065754558EpicA long narrative poem about the adventures of a hero whose actions reflect the ideals and values of a nation or group.15
4065754559Essay1) descriptive (describes a topic) 2) expository (gives information) 3) formal (highly organized and researched) 4) humorous (to amuse or entertain the reader) 5) informal (lighter tone with a focus on feelings and personality) 6) narrative (tells a story) 7) persuasive (attempts to convince the reader to adopt a particular opinion or course of action)16
4065754560FictionProse writing that tells an imaginary story17
4065754561FolkloreTraditions, customs, and stories passed down within a culture (legends, folktales, myths, and fables)18
4065754562FolktaleA simple story that has been passed from generation to generation by word of mouth. They usually are for entertainment purposes.19
4065754563GenreA type or category of literature20
4065754564Historical FictionFiction that explores a past time period and may contain references to actual people and events of the past21
4065754565Horror FictionFiction that contains mysterious and often supernatural events to create a sense of terror22
4065754566LegendA story handed down from the past about a specific person, usually someone of heroic accomplishments.23
4065754567MythA traditional story that attempts to explain how the world was created or why the world is the way that it is. They are passed on through generations.24
4065754568NonfictionProse writing that presents and explains ideas or that tells about real people, places, objects, or events. (Autobiographies, newspaper articles, biographies)25
4065754569Oral HistoryStories of people's lives related by word of mouth. These histories usually include both factual material and personal reactions.26
4065754570ParodyA literary or artistic work that imitates the characteristic style of an author's work for comic effect or ridicule.27
4065754571PlayA story written by means of a script.28
4065754572Primary SourceA firsthand account of an event (diaries, journals, letters, speeches, news stories, photographs)29
4065754573ProseThe ordinary form of spoken and written language which lacks special features of poetry.30
4065754574Realistic FictionImaginative writing set in the real, modern world. The characters act like real people who use ordinary abilities to cope with problems and conflicts typical of modern life.31
4065754575SatireA literary technique in which ideas or customs are ridiculed for the purpose of improving society.32
4065754576Science FictionProse writing in which a writer explores unexpected possibilities of the past or future by using scientific data and theories as well as his or her imagination.33
4065754577Short StoryA brief work of fiction that generally focuses on one or two main characters who face a single problem or conflict.34
4065754578SpeechA prolonged statement given in public.35
4065754579Tall TaleA humorously exaggerated story about impossible events.36
4065754580TragedyA dramatic work that presents the downfall of a dignified character or characters who are involved in historically or socially significant events. The events in a tragic plot are set in motion by a decision that is often an error in judgement. Succeeding events inevitably lead to a disastrous conclusion, usually death.37
4065754581Urban LegendA contemporary story that is told in many rumored versions that have little basis in fact.38
4339724826ActA major unit of action in a drama or play39
4354140686AllegoryA story in which people, things, and actions represent an idea about life; There is a strong moral or lesson40
4354144849AlliterationThe repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words41
4354163129AllusionA reference in a literary work to a person, place, or thing in history or another work of literature42
4354164389AnalogyA comparison of two or more like objects that suggests if they are alike in certain respects, they will probably be alike in other ways as well43
4354166934AnecdoteA brief account of an interesting incident or event that usually is intended to entertain or make a point44
4354167979AsideAn actor's speech, directed to the audience, that is not supposed to be heard by other actors on stage.45
4354169332AssonanceRepetition of vowel sounds within a line of poetry46
4354170017AudienceThe particular group of readers or viewers that the writer is addressing. A writer considers his/her audience when deciding on a subject, a purpose for writing, and the tone and style in which to write47
4354172005Author's PurposeAn author's purpose is his/her reason for creating a particular work.48
4354173695BalladA poem that tells a story and is meant to be sung or recited49
4354174606Blank VerseUnrhymed iambic pentameter50
4354175408CaesuraA pause or sudden break in a line of poetry51
4354177240Cause and EffectTwo events are related as cause and effect when one event brings about or causes another52
4354178740CharacterA person who is responsible for the thoughts and actions within a story, poem, or other literature. Characters are extremely important because they are the medium through which a reader interacts with a piece of literature.53
4354183444Characterization -- AntagonistA character in a story or poem who deceives, frustrates, or works against the main character, or protagonist, in some way. It does not necessarily have to be a person; It just has to challenge the protagonist54
4354187099Characterization -- CaricatureA picture or imitation of a person's habits, physical appearance, or mannerisms exaggerated in a comic or absurd way55
4354188762Characterization -- FoilA character who serves as a contrast or a conflict to another character56
4354189748Characterization -- Hero/HeroineA character whose actions are inspiring or noble: often the main character57
4354191320Characterization -- Main charactersThe characters who are central to the plot of a story; main characters are usually dynamic and round58
4354193189Characterization -- Minor charactersLess important characters who interact with the main characters, helping to move the plot along and providing background for the story. Minor characters are usually static and flat.59
4354200364Characterization -- Character traitA character's personality60
4354201173Characterization -- Direct CharacterizationThe author directly states a character's traits or makes direct comments about a character's nature61
4354202263Characterization -- Dynamic CharacterA character who changes throughout the course of the story62
4354203402Characterization -- Flat CharacterA character about whom little information is provided63
4354204627Characterization -- Indirect CharacterizationThe author does not directly state a character's traits; Instead, the reader draws conclusions and discovers a character's traits based upon clues provided by the author64
4354208708Characterization -- Round CharacterA character who is fully described by the author65
4354210569Characterization -- Static CharacterA character who does not change or changes very little in the course of a story66
4354211643Chronological OrderThe order in which events happen in time67
4354212574ClarifyingThe reader's process of pausing occasionally while rendering to quickly review what he or she understands68
4354214765ClichéA type of figurative language containing an overused expression or saying that is no longer considered original69
4354216302ComedyA dramatic work that is light and often humorous in tone and usually ends happily with a peaceful resolution of the main conflict70
4354217897ComparisonThe process of identifying similarities71
4354218541Concrete PoetryA type of poetry that uses its physical or visual form to present its message72
4354220310ConflictThe tension or problem in the story; a struggle between opposing forces73
4354222273Conflict -- Central ConflictThe dominant or most important conflict in the story74
4354223469Conflict -- External ConflictThe problem or struggle that exists between the main character and an outside force (person vs. person, person vs. society, person vs. nature, person vs. the supernatural, person vs. technology, etc.)75
4354227616Conflict -- Internal ConflictThe problem or struggle that takes place in the main character's mind76
4354228864ConnectingA reader's process of relating the content of a literary work to his or her own knowledge or experiences77
4354230190ConnotationThe idea and feeling associated with a word as opposed to its dictionary definition or denotation78
4354233024ConsonanceThe repetition of consonant sounds anywhere within a line of poetry (Alliteration is a specific type of consonance)79
4354234489Context CluesHints or suggestions that may surround unfamiliar words or phrases and clarify their meaning80
4354236249ContrastThe process of pointing out differences between things81
4354237673CoupletA rhymed pair of lines in a poem82
4354238835DenotationThe exact or dictionary meaning of a word (The opposite of connotation)83
4354241111DialectA form of language that is spoken in a particular place or by a particular group of people84
4354242884DialogueThe conversation between characters in a drama or narrative85
4354244047Drawing ConclusionsCombining several pieces of information to make an inference86
4354246536Dramatic MonologueA literary device that is used when a character reveals his or her innermost thoughts and feelings, those that are hidden throughout the course of the story line, through a poem or speech. This speech, where only one character speaks, is recited while other characters are present onstage.87
4354251449ElegyA type of literature defined as a song or poem that expresses sorrow or lamentation, usually for one who has died88
4354252904Enjambmentfound in poetry, the running over of a line or thought into the next verse89
4354254374EpigramA short poem or verse that seeks to ridicule a thought or event, usually written with witticism or sarcasm90
4354256258EpiphanyA sudden moment of understanding that causes a character to change or to act in a certain way91
4354257770EvaluatingThe process of judging the value of something or someone. Literature can be evaluated in terms of such criteria as entertainment, believability, originality, and emotional power92
4354261025FableA brief tale that teaches a lesson about human nature. Fables often feature animals as characters.93
4354264687Fact and OpinionA fact is a statement that can be proved. An opinion, in contrast, is a statement that reflects the writer's or speaker's belief, but which cannot be supported by proof or evidence.94
4354267682FantasyA work of literature that contains at least one fantastic or unreal element95
4354269120Figurative Language or Figure of SpeechExpressions that are not literally true96
4354272187FootA unit of meter within a line of poetry97
4354272938ForeshadowingWhen the writer provides clues or hints that suggest or predict future events in a story98
4354274791Free VersePoetry without regular patterns of rhyme and/or rhythm. Often used to capture the sounds and rhythms of ordinary speech.99
4354276501GeneralizationA broad statement about an entire group100
4354277330HaikuA traditional form of Japanese poetry, usually dealing with nature. A haiku has three lines and describes a single moment, feeling, or thing. The first and third lines contain five syllables and the second line contains seven syllables.101
4354282190Heroic Couplet or Closed CoupletA couplet consisting of two successive rhyming lines that contain a complete thought102
4354285808HumorThe quality that provokes laughter or amusement103
4354286744HyperboleA figure of speech in which the truth is exaggerated for emphasis or humorous effect104
4354288199IdiomA phrase or expression that means something different from what the words actually say (Ex. Using "Over his head" instead of "he doesn't understand")105
4354291208ImageryThe use of words and phrases that appeal to the five senses106
4354292544InferenceA logical guess based on evidence in the text107
4354293101InterviewA meeting in which one person asks another about person meters, professional matters, or both108
4354295117IronyA contrast between what is expected and what actually exists or happens. It adds unexpected twists and allows the reader to get more involved in the plot.109
4354299493Irony -- Verbal IronyWhen the speaker means something totally different than what he/she is saying110
4354300995Irony -- Dramatic IronyWhen facts are not known to the characters in a work of literature but are known by the audience111
4354302995Irony -- Cosmic IronySuggests that some unknown force brings about dire and dreadful events112
4354305624Irony -- Irony of SituationThe difference between what is expected to happen and the way events actually work out113
4354308137LimerickA short humorous poem composed of five lines that usually has the rhyme scheme AABBA, created by two rhyming couplets followed by a fifth line that rhymes with the first couplet.114
4354310750Literal MeaningThe actual meaning of a word or phrase115
4354311730LyricA song-like poem written mainly to express the feelings or emotions of a single speaker116
4354313135Main IdeaThe most important point that the writer wishes to express117
4354314296MemoirA specific type of autobiography about the author's person experiences118
4354316115MetaphorA type of figurative language in which a comparison is made between two things that are essentially unalike but may have one quality in common119
4354318997MeterThe regular pattern of accented and unaccented syllables -- Iamb: U/ Trochee: /U Anapest: UU/ Dactyl: /UU Spondee: // Pyrrhic: UU120
4354326628MoralA lesson that a story teaches121
4354327873MotifA recurring object, concept, or structure in a work of literature122
4354329003MotivationThe reason why a character acts, feels, or thinks in a certain way123
4354330890NarrativeAny writing that tells a story124
4354333197OdeA lyric poem usually having an elevated style and formal structure125
4354335951OnomatopoeiaThe use of words whose sound suggest their meaning126
4354337491ParadoxA statement that seems to contradict itself but is, nevertheless, true127
4354339311ParaphrasingThe restatement of a text by readers in their own words or in another form128
4354341049PersonificationA figure of speech where animals, ideas, or inanimate objects are given human characteristics129
4354342636PersuasionPersuasive writing is meant to sway readers' feelings, beliefs, or actions130
4354343938PlotThe sequence of related events that make up a story131
4354344915PoetryA type of literature in which ideas and feelings are expressed in compact, imaginative, and often musical language132
4354347096PredictingThe process of gathering information and combining it with the reader's own knowledge to guess what might occur in the story's future133
4354348734PropogandaText that uses false or misleading information to present a slanted point of view134
4354350266QuestioningThe process of raising questions while reading in an effort to understand the characters and events135
4354353339RefrainRepetition in literature of one or more lines at regular intervals; sometimes called the chorus136
4354355213RepetitionA technique in which a sound, word, phrase, or line is repeated for effect of emphasis137
4354357565RhymeRepetition of an identical or similarly accented sound or sounds in a work138
4354358950SarcasmThe use of praise to mock someone or something; the use of mockery or verbal irony139
4354359904ScanningThe process of searching through writing for a particular fact or piece of information140
4354361177SceneA section in a play presenting events that occur in one place at one time141
4354362843Secondary SourcePresents information complied from or based on other sources142
4354363787Sensory DetailsWords or phrases that help readers by means of imagery143
4354365691SequenceThe order in which events occur or in which ideas are presented144
4354366781SettingThe time, place, physical details, and circumstances in which a story occurs145
4354367922SimileA type of figurative language that makes a comparison between two otherwise unlike objects by connecting them with "like" or "as"146
4354370222SoliloquyA speech delivered by a character who is alone on the stage147
4354371223SonnetA distinctive poetic style that uses a system or patter of metrical structure and verse composition usually consisting of 14 lines148
4354373823SpeakerThe voice that talks to the reader in a poem149
4354375687Stage DirectionsThe instructions to the actors, directors, and stage crew in the script of a play150
4354376739StanzaA grouping of two or more lines within a poem151
4354379891StereotypeA broad generalization or an oversimplified view that disregards individual differences152
4354381193Story MappingA visual organizer that helps a reader understand a work of literature by tracking setting, characters, events, and conflicts153
4354383563StyleHow a writer says something154
4354384123SummarizingThe process of briefly recounting the main ideas of a piece of writing in a person's own words, while omitting unimportant details155
4354386358SuspenseA feeling of growing tension and excitement156
4354389158SymbolismUsing something specific to stand for something else157
4354390703SynecdocheA literary technique in which the whole is represented by naming one of its parts ("Come check out my new wheels" instead of "come check out my new car")158
4354394404ThemeA common thread or repeated idea that is incorporated throughout a literary work159
4354395425ToneThe writer's attitude or feeling about his/her subject160
4354396240UnderstatementA statement that is restrained in ironic contrast to what might have been said; the opposite of hyperbole161
4354398411VoiceAn author or narrator's distinctive style or manner of expression162

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