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AP Midterm Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
6165870309gross domestic product (GDP)the total market value of final goods and services produced within an economy in a given year0
6165870310intermediate goodsgoods used in the production process that are not final goods and services1
6165870311real GDPa measure of GDP that controls for changes in prices2
6165870312nominal GDPthe value of GDP in current dollars3
6165870313transfer paymentspayments from governments to individuals that do not correspond to the production of goods and services4
6165870314net exportsexports minus imports5
6165870315personal disposable incomepersonal income that households retain after paying income taxes6
6165870316GDP deflatoran index that measures how the prices of goods and services included in GDP change over time7
6165870319depressionthe common name for a severe recession8
6165870320EconomicsStudy of Scarcity9
6165870321ScarcityUnlimited wants/needs but limited resources10
6165870323Opportunity CostMost desirable alternative, amount loss due to trade-off made11
6165870324Consumer GoodsDirect Consumption12
6165870325Capital GoodsIndirect Consumption13
6165870326Physical CapitalHuman made machine/tool used to produce goods/services14
6165870327Human CapitalSkills/Knowledge gained by a laborer through experience/education15
6165870328Command (centrally-planned) EconomyGovernment answers the 3 economic questions.16
6165870329Free Market Economy (capitalism)Individual consumers answer the 3 economic questions17
6165870330Production Possibilities Curve/Frontiermodel showing alternative ways to use scarce resouces18
6165870331Productive EfficiencyAny point on the PPC19
6165870332Allocative EfficiencyOptimal point on the PPC based off society's needs20
6165870333Absolute AdvantageThe producer who makes the most21
6165870334Comparative AdvantageThe producer with the lowest opportunity cost.22
6165870335Four Factors of ProductionLand, labor, capital, entrepreneurship23
6165870336ResoucesAny good used to make another goods ( often- land, labor, capital)24
6165870337Fiscal Policygov't trying to counter changes in aggregate expenditure with changes in purchases, transfer payments or taxes.25
6165870338Expansionary Fiscal Policyincreasing gov purchases, increasing transfers, decreasing taxes to shift AD to the right boosting real GDP26
6165870339Contractionary Fiscal Policydecreasing purchases, decreasing transfers or increasing taxes shifting AD to the left, lowering PL and GDP27
6165870340Tax Multiplier28
6165870341Spending Multiplier29
6165870342Crowding outdecrease in investment stemming from higher interest rate caused by government purchases or borrowing30
6165870343Recessionary Gap31
6165870344Inflationary Gap32

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