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| 11863120908 | Photosynthesis | the process by which light energy is converted to chemical bond energy and carbon is fixed into organic compounds, two main processes: light-dependent and light-independent | 0 | |
| 11863120909 | Light-Dependent Reactions | takes place in the thylakoid membranes. When a chlorophyll absorbs light causing an electron to be raised to a higher energy level. | 1 | |
| 11863120910 | Photosynthesis Formula | 6 CO2 + 12 H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6 H2O + 6 O2 | 2 | |
| 11863120911 | Photosynthetic Pigments | absorb light energy and use it to provide energy to carry out photosynthesis, chlorophylls and carotenoids | 3 | |
| 11863120916 | Chloroplast | contains photosynthetic pigments that carry out photosynthesis | 4 | |
| 11863120917 | Stroma | where the light-independent reactions occur | 5 | |
| 11863120918 | Photosystems | light-harvesting complexes in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, few hundred in each thylakoid, consists of reaction center containing chlorophyll a and several hundred antenna pigment moluecules | 6 | |
| 11863120919 | PSII | happens first, discovered second, absorbs light best in 680 nm range, called P680 | 7 | |
| 11863120920 | PSI | happens second, discovered first, absorbs light best in 700 nm range, called P700 | 8 | |
| 11863120922 | Photolysis | water gets split apart, providing electrons to provide those lost from chlorophyll a | 9 | |
| 11863120923 | Chemiosmosis | process by which ATP is formed during the light reactions, proteins were released from water, pumped by thylakoid membrane from stroma into lumen, ATP is formed as these protons diffuse down gradient, through ATP synthase channels | 10 | |
| 11863120924 | NADP | carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules | 11 | |
| 11863120926 | Cyclic Photophosphorylation | sole purpose is to PRODUCE ATP, no NADPH, used to replenish ATP levels for Calvin cycle, takes photo-excited electrons on a short-circuit pathway, pumped across the thylakoid membrane. | 12 | |
| 11863120949 | Non-cyclic Photophosphorylation | Production of ATP using the energy from the excited electron from Photosystem II | 13 | |
| 11863120928 | Carbon Fixation | the process that occurs during the Calvin cycle | 14 | |
| 11863120929 | Calvin Cycle steps | CO2 enters, becomes attached to 5-carbon sugar RuBP, unstable molecule breaks into two 3-carbon molecules, rubisco catalyzes step, uses ATP and NADPH from light reactions, occurs only in the light | 15 | |
| 11863120930 | Chloroplasts | absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water. | 16 | |
| 11863120931 | Thylakoids | A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast, used to convert light energy to chemical energy. |  | 17 |
| 11863120932 | Stroma | The fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane; involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water. | 18 | |
| 11863120933 | Thylakoids | A flattened, membranous sac inside a chloroplast. Thylakoids often exist in stacks called grana that are interconnected; their membranes contain molecular "machinery" used to convert light energy to chemical energy. | 19 | |
| 11863120934 | Chlorophyll | A green pigment located in membranes within the chloroplasts of plants and algae and in the membranes of certain prokaryotes. Chlorophyll a participates directly in the light reactions, which convert solar energy to chemical energy. | 20 | |
| 11863120936 | Light Reactions | ATP, Oxygen, and NAHPH | 21 | |
| 11863120939 | Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) | A three-carbon carbohydrate that is the direct product of the Calvin cycle; it is also an intermediate in glycolysis. | 22 | |
| 11863120943 | photosynthesis equation | 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 Photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide and water for the production of sugar and oxygen. |  | 23 |
| 11863120950 | Light Independent reactions | Calvin Cycle ; CO2 is essential ; enters chloroplasts by diffusion ; takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts. | 24 |
