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AP Physics 1 Review Flashcards

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6714235000First kinematics equation (constant acceleration) no displacement given*speed up or slow down *acceleration is how quickly velocity changes0
6714235001Second kinematics equation (constant acceleration) no final velocity given*speed up or slow down *most often used for projectile motion1
6714235002Third kinematics equation (constant acceleration) no time given*speed up or slow down m/s m m/s/s2
6714235003Fourth Kinematics Equation (constant acceleration) no acceleration given*speed up or slow down meters m/s seconds3
6714235004Newton's Second Law*vector addition *right-left=ma or up-down=ma ***one of the above equations acceleration=0 *****watch direction for a***** *mass is measured in kg4
6714235005Newton's 3 Laws3rd law means forces are equal and opposite5
6714235006Weight*depends on location and planet * Force is weight measured in Newtons *mass is m measured in kg *g is acceleration due to gravity (9.8 for Earth)6
6714235007Force of static Friction*from freebody diagram *Normal comes from up-down=ma equation *Newtons *coefficient is unitless7
6714235008Force of kinetic friction*depends on materials and normal force acting on object *Normal comes from up-down=ma equation *Newtons *coefficient is unitless8
6714235009Work*carrying a book across a room is not work *to do work the force must be parallel to displacement *friction does negative work Joules9
6714235010Work-Energy Theorem*Work is the change of kinetic energy *object speeding up or slowing down *option to Newton's 2nd Law approach Joules10
6714235011Hooke's Law (springs)F= force stretching or compressing a spring(N) k= spring constant/force constant (N/m) x= how much spring is stretched or compressed (m) *F=ma11
6714235012Elastic Potential Energy for a springU= potential energy (Joules) k= spring constant / force constant (N/m) x= how much spring is stretched or compressed (m) *Use in conservation of energy U+K=U+K12
6714235013Gravitational Potential EnergyU= potential energy (Joules) m= mass (kg) g=acceleration due to gravity (-9.8 Earth) y= vertical position from bottom (not ground) *swinging objects *roller coasters *used in conservation of energy U+K=U+K13
6714235014Conservation of Mechanical energy*one object *use for swinging objects, springs, roller coasters *potential loss is kinetic gained14
6714235015conservation of energy with frictionObject moving with friction *energy at one time = energy at later time + work done by friction U+K=U+K+W15
6714235016Powerrate of energy change Watts16
6714235017energy from powerEnergy= power * time Joules17
6714235018radial/ centripetal accelerationchange direction acceleration m/s/s18
6714235019total accelerationno angular acceleration m/s/s *object speeding up/slowing down and turning19
6714235020linear/tangential velocity for circular motionT is period= time for one complete circle x=vt where x is circumference m/s20
6714235021conversion for linear and angular velocityv=velocity (m/s) w=angular velocity (rad/s) r= radius (m)21
6714235022conversion for linear and angular accelerationa= acceleration m/s/s alpha= angular acceleration rad/s/s r= radius (m)22
6714235023angular momentum (something going in a circle like a spinning ice skater)L= angular momentum kgm^2/s I= rotational inertia kgm^2 w=angular velocity rad/s *when ice skater brings arms in I decreases which increases w23
6714235024net torque for systemtorque (Nm) I= rotational inertia (kgm^2) angular acceleration (rad/s/s) *object like a see saw speeding up or slowing down but going in a circle24
6714235025Rotational Kinetic energy*object turning like a spinning wheel K= kinetic energy (joules) I= rotational inertia (kgm^2) w= angular velocity (rad/s)25
6714235026Universal Gravitational Potential Energyobject with a planet U= potential energy (Joules) G=6.67x10^-11 r=distance center to center (m) m=mass (kg)26
6714235027acceleration due to gravityg= m/s/s acceleration due to gravity M = Mass of planet (kg) r = distance from the center of the plant to object location (m)27
6714235028position as a function of time for simple harmonic motion (mass on spring)RADIAN MODE x=position (meters) A= amplitude (meters) f=frequency (Hz)28
6714235029angular frequency for mass on springw = angular frequency (rad/s) k=spring/force constant (N/m) m= mass (kg)29
6714235030frequency for simple harmonic motionf=frequency (Hz) T=period (s) w=angular frequency (rad/s) *use parenthesis in calculator30
6714235031Period of a mass on a spring*doesn't change if you go to a different planet *period is time for one complete cycle *use parenthesis in calculator T= period (s) m= mass (kg) k= spring/force constant (N/m)31
6714235032Period of an simple pendulum*depends on planet/ location *period is time for one complete cycle (s) *L is length of string (m) *g is 9.8 for Earth32
6714235033momentumvector! Watch sign for VELOCITY33
6714235034impulsevector! change of direction means double the impulse WATCH SIGN for VELOCITY34
6714235035kinetic energyscalar, never negative if you are moving you have kinetic energy35
6714235036constant angular velocityw= angular velocity (rad/s) angular displacement (rad)36
6714235037universal law of gravitationF = force (equal and opposite on masses) G=6.67x10^-11 m = mass (kg) r = distance center to center (m) Force = mg or ma or mv^2/r37
6714235038Coulomb's Law (force between charges)F= force equal and opposite on charges (N) k=9x10^9 q=charge (C) r = distance center to center *opposite signs attract *like signs repel38
6714235039current*direction is from positive side of battery towards negative sign of battery I= current (Amps) q= charge (C) t = time *flow of charge through a cross sectional area of wire *equal in series (one pipe=one current)39
6714235040resistanceR= resistance (ohms) resistivity (ohm meters) L=length (m) A= cross-sectional area (circle for wires) (m^2) *Longer the wire the more the resistance *the greater the area the smaller the resistance40
6714235041powerrate of energy dissipated by resistor or rate of energy converted by battery *P= power (watts) *I= current (amps) *V= electric potential difference (volts)41
6714235042resistors in serieslonger means increased resistance *one path/ one pipe/ one *current is equal *voltage adds up42
6714235043resistors in parallel*multiple paths/ more pipes/two finger rule *voltage is equal *current adds up43
6714235044adding resistors in series and parallel44
6714235045wave speedv= wave speed (m/s) f=frequency (Hz) wavelength (m) *deceiving equation , wave speed only depends on medium45
6714235046slope of a position vs time graphv=x/t velocity46
6714235047slope of a velocity vs time grapha= change of v/time acceleration47
6714235048area of a velocity vs time graphx=vt displacement48
6714235049slope of a force vs acceleration graphm=F/a mass49
6714235050area of a force vs time graphFt= impulse= change of momentum50
6714235051area of a force vs displacement graphFx=work= change of kinetic energy51
6714235052slope of a force vs stretch graphk=F/x spring constant or force constant52
6714235053force of frictionanother force for freebody Normal comes from freebody53
6714235054Newton's 2nd Law Practicesplit tension Fcos (angle)- f =ma N +Fsin(angle)-mg=054
6714235055conservation of momentumuse for collisions momentum before + momentum before = momentum after +momentum after55
6714235056Elastic collisions*conserve momentum and kinetic energy *magnetic bumpers with carts56
6714235057Inelastic collisions*This is what you assume unless told otherwise *conserve momentum not kinetic energy *objects do not have to stick together57
6714235058completely inelastic collisions*conserve momentum only *objects stick together *Velcro with carts58
6714235059angular displacementradians rad/s rad/s/s59
6714235060speeding up/slowing down angular velocityrad/s rad/s/s60
6714235061torque (twisting force)*See Saw/ levers *demo with trying to hold up bar with hanging masses torque (Nm) r is distance from pivot point to force (m) force must be perpendicular (N)61
6714235062change of angular momentumchange of angular momentum (kgm^2/s) torque (Nm) time (s) *if there is a torque object speeds up or slows down which changes its angular momentum62
6714235063horizontal projectile motioninitial velocity = zero a=-9.8 displacement is negative63
6714235064projectile motion at an angle*split initial velocity into sin and cos *vsin is for vertical constant acceleration equations *vcos is for horizontal constant velocity equation x=vt64
6714235065densitydensity (kg/m^3) mass (kg) Volume (m^3)65
6714235066periodperiod is time for one complete cycle/circle w= angular velocity/frequency (rad/s) f= frequency (Hz)66
6714235067Ohm's LawI= current (A)....flow V= electric potential difference (Volts)....push R= resistance (ohm's law)... fight *the more the push the more the flow * the more the fight, the less the flow67
6714235068slope of a voltage vs resistance graphcurrent68
6714235069slopedivide axis and find equation for meaning69
6714235070area*multiply axis for meaning *area under x-axis is negative *shading is from the x-axis up and from the x-axis down70
6714235071Newton's 2nd Law - atwoodup-down=ma T-W=ma T-.9(9.8)=.9a T-.6(9.8)=.6(-a)71
6714235072Newton's 2nd law- incline planeN-mgcos(angle)=0 T-mgsin(angle)=ma T-mg=m(-a)72
6714235073Newton's 2nd law turningN-mg=mv^2/r73
6714235074projectile motion*force = weight (down whole time) *acceleration (down -9.8 m/s/s) *horizontal motion constant velocity x=vt *at P only horizontal velocity *at P vertical velocity is negative74
6714235075Newton's 2nd law -modified atwoodN-mg=0 T=4a T-2g=2(-a)75
6714235076Freebody for incline planeonly C and E correct C is at rest or moving down incline E is being accelerated up incline76
6714235077Soundcompressional / longitudinal wave *fastest in solids *cannot go through a vaccuum77
6714235078conservation of angular momentum78
6714235079torque79
6714235080Coulomb's Law80
6714235081Hooke's Law81
6714235082Ohm's law visual82
6714235083centripetal force*Net force towards center of circle Moon around earth it is gravity car going around curve friction83
6714235084no centripetal forceno centripetal force object moves straight... no longer turns84

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