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AP Physics 1 Review Flashcards

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9876053529First kinematics equation (constant acceleration) no displacement given*speed up or slow down *acceleration is how quickly velocity changes0
9876053530Second kinematics equation (constant acceleration) no final velocity given*speed up or slow down *most often used for projectile motion1
9876053531Third kinematics equation (constant acceleration) no time given*speed up or slow down m/s m m/s/s2
9876053532Fourth Kinematics Equation (constant acceleration) no acceleration given*speed up or slow down meters m/s seconds3
9876053533Newton's Second Law*vector addition *watch direction for a *mass is measured in kg4
9876053534Newton's 3 Lawsforces are equal and opposite5
9876053535Weight*depends on location and planet * Force is weight measured in Newtons *mass is m measured in kg *g is acceleration due to gravity (9.8 for Earth)6
9876053536Force of Static Friction*from freebody diagram *Normal comes from up-down=ma equation *Newtons *coefficient is unitless7
9876053537Force of Kinetic Friction*depends on materials and normal force acting on object *Normal comes from up-down=ma equation *Newtons *coefficient is unitless8
9876053538Work*carrying a book across a room is not work *to do work the force must be parallel to displacement *friction does negative work Joules9
9876053539Work-Energy Theorem*Work is the change of kinetic energy *object speeding up or slowing down *option to Newton's 2nd Law approach Joules10
9876053540Hooke's Law (springs)F= force stretching or compressing a spring(N) k= spring constant/force constant (N/m) x= how much spring is stretched or compressed (m) *F=ma11
9876053541Elastic Potential Energy for a springU= potential energy (Joules) k= spring constant / force constant (N/m) x= how much spring is stretched or compressed (m) *Use in conservation of energy U+K=U+K12
9876053542Gravitational Potential EnergyU= potential energy (Joules) m= mass (kg) g=acceleration due to gravity (-9.8 Earth) y= vertical position from bottom (not ground) *swinging objects *roller coasters *used in conservation of energy U+K=U+K13
9876053543Conservation of Mechanical energy*one object *use for swinging objects, springs, roller coasters *potential loss is kinetic gained14
9876053545Powerrate of energy change Watts15
9876053547Centripetal accelerationchange direction acceleration m/s/s16
9876053550conversion for linear and angular velocityv=velocity (m/s) w=angular velocity (rad/s) r= radius (m)17
9876053551conversion for linear and angular accelerationa= acceleration m/s/s alpha= angular acceleration rad/s/s r= radius (m)18
9876053552angular momentum (something going in a circle like a spinning ice skater)L= angular momentum kgm^2/s I= rotational inertia kgm^2 w=angular velocity rad/s *when ice skater brings arms in I decreases which increases w19
9876053553net torque for systemtorque (Nm) I= rotational inertia (kgm^2) angular acceleration (rad/s/s) *object like a see saw speeding up or slowing down but going in a circle20
9876053554Rotational Kinetic energy*object turning like a spinning wheel K= kinetic energy (joules) I= rotational inertia (kgm^2) w= angular velocity (rad/s)21
9876053555Universal Gravitational Potential Energyobject with a planet U= potential energy (Joules) G=6.67x10^-11 r=distance center to center (m) m=mass (kg)22
9876053556acceleration due to gravityg= m/s/s acceleration due to gravity M = Mass of planet (kg) r = distance from the center of the plant to object location (m)23
9876053557position as a function of time for simple harmonic motion (mass on spring)RADIAN MODE x=position (meters) A= amplitude (meters) f=frequency (Hz)24
9876053558angular frequency for mass on springw = angular frequency (rad/s) k=spring/force constant (N/m) m= mass (kg)25
9876053560Period of a mass on a spring*doesn't change if you go to a different planet *period is time for one complete cycle *use parenthesis in calculator T= period (s) m= mass (kg) k= spring/force constant (N/m)26
9876053561Period of an simple pendulum*depends on planet/ location *period is time for one complete cycle (s) *L is length of string (m) *g is 9.8 for Earth27
9876053562momentumvector! Watch sign for VELOCITY28
9876053563impulsevector! change of direction means double the impulse WATCH SIGN for VELOCITY29
9876053564kinetic energyscalar, never negative if you are moving you have kinetic energy30
9876053565constant angular velocityw= angular velocity (rad/s) angular displacement (rad)31
9876053566universal law of gravitationF = force (equal and opposite on masses) G=6.67x10^-11 m = mass (kg) r = distance center to center (m) Force = mg or ma or mv^2/r32
9876053567Coulomb's Law (force between charges)F= force equal and opposite on charges (N) k=9x10^9 q=charge (C) r = distance center to center *opposite signs attract *like signs repel33
9876053568current*direction is from positive side of battery towards negative sign of battery I= current (Amps) q= charge (C) t = time *flow of charge through a cross sectional area of wire *equal in series (one pipe=one current)34
9876053569resistanceR= resistance (ohms) resistivity (ohm meters) L=length (m) A= cross-sectional area (circle for wires) (m^2) *Longer the wire the more the resistance *the greater the area the smaller the resistance35
9876053570powerrate of energy dissipated by resistor or rate of energy converted by battery *P= power (watts) *I= current (amps) *V= electric potential difference (volts)36
9876053571resistors in serieslonger means increased resistance *one path/ one pipe/ one *current is equal *voltage adds up37
9876053572resistors in parallel*multiple paths/ more pipes/two finger rule *voltage is equal *current adds up38
9876053573wave speedv= wave speed (m/s) f=frequency (Hz) wavelength (m) *deceiving equation , wave speed only depends on medium39
9876053574slope of a position vs time graphv=x/t velocity40
9876053575slope of a velocity vs time grapha= change of v/time acceleration41
9876053576area of a velocity vs time graphx=vt displacement42
9876053577slope of a force vs acceleration graphm=F/a mass43
9876053578area of a force vs time graphFt= impulse= change of momentum44
9876053579area of a force vs displacement graphFx=work= change of kinetic energy45
9876053580slope of a force vs stretch graphk=F/x spring constant or force constant46
9876053581force of frictionanother force for freebody Normal comes from freebody47
9876053583conservation of momentumuse for collisions momentum before + momentum before = momentum after +momentum after48
9876053584Elastic collisions*conserve momentum and kinetic energy *magnetic bumpers with carts49
9876053585Inelastic collisions*This is what you assume unless told otherwise *conserve momentum not kinetic energy *objects do not have to stick together50
9876053586perfect inelastic collisions*conserve momentum only *objects stick together *Velcro with carts51
9876053587angular displacementradians rad/s rad/s/s52
9876053588speeding up/slowing down angular velocityrad/s rad/s/s53
9876053589torque (twisting force)*See Saw/ levers *demo with trying to hold up bar with hanging masses torque (Nm) r is distance from pivot point to force (m) force must be perpendicular (N)54
9876053590change of angular momentumchange of angular momentum (kgm^2/s) torque (Nm) time (s) *if there is a torque object speeds up or slows down which changes its angular momentum55
9876053591horizontal projectile motioninitial velocity = zero a=-9.8 displacement is negative56
9876053592projectile motion at an angle*split initial velocity into sin and cos *vsin is for vertical constant acceleration equations *vcos is for horizontal constant velocity equation x=vt57
9876053594periodperiod is time for one complete cycle/circle w= angular velocity/frequency (rad/s) f= frequency (Hz)58
9876053595Ohm's LawI= current (A)....flow V= electric potential difference (Volts)....push R= resistance (ohm's law)... fight *the more the push the more the flow * the more the fight, the less the flow59
9876053596slope of a voltage vs resistance graphcurrent60
9876053597slopedivide axis and find equation for meaning61
9876053598area*multiply axis for meaning *area under x-axis is negative *shading is from the x-axis up and from the x-axis down62
9876053602projectile motion*force = weight (down whole time) *acceleration (down -9.8 m/s/s) *horizontal motion constant velocity x=vt *at P only horizontal velocity *at P vertical velocity is negative63
9876053604Freebody for incline planeonly C and E correct C is at rest or moving down incline E is being accelerated up incline64
9876053605Soundcompressional / longitudinal wave *fastest in solids *cannot go through a vaccuum65
9876053609conservation of angular momentum66
9876053611Coulomb's Law67
9876053612Hooke's Law68
9876053613Ohm's law visual69
9876053606centripetal force*Net force towards center of circle Moon around earth it is gravity car going around curve friction70
9876053607no centripetal forceno centripetal force object moves straight... no longer turns71

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