The AP Psychology summer vocabulary words
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| 202240278 | behavioral approach | A view based on the assumption that human behavior is determined mainly by what a person has learned in life, especially by rewards and punishments. | 0 | |
| 202240279 | biological approach | An approach to psychology in which behavior and behavior disorders are seen as the result of physical processes, especially those relating to the brain and to hormones and other chemicals | 1 | |
| 202240280 | biological psychologist | Psychologists who who explore links between brain and mind. They analyze the biological factors influencing behavior and mental processes. | 2 | |
| 202240281 | case studies | Research involving a detailed study of some phenomenon in a single individual, group, or situations. | 3 | |
| 202240282 | clinical psychologist | psychologists who seek to assess, understand, modify, and prevent behavior disorders. | 4 | |
| 202240283 | cognitive approach | A view that emphasizes research on how the brain takes in information, creates perceptions, forms and retrieves memories, processes information, and generated integrated patterns of action. | 5 | |
| 202240284 | cognitive psychologist | People who research focus is the analysis of the mental processes underlying judgment, decision making, problem solving, imagining, and other aspects of human thought. | 6 | |
| 202240285 | consciousness | The awareness of ones environment and oneself; the awareness of external stimuli and our own mental activity. | 7 | |
| 202240286 | correlation studies | Research methods that examine relationships between variables in order to analyze trends, test prediction, evaluate theories, and suggest new hypotheses | 8 | |
| 202240287 | critical thinking | The process of assessing claims and making judgments on the basis of well-supported evidence; thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions. | 9 | |
| 202240288 | culture | The accumulation of values, rules of behavior, forms of expression, religious beliefs, and occupational choices for a group of people who share a common language and environment. | 10 | |
| 202240289 | developmental psychologist | Psychologists who seek to understand, describe, and explore how behavior and mental processes change over the course of a lifetime. | 11 | |
| 202240290 | educational psychologist | Psychologists who study methods by which instructors teach and students learn and who apply their results to improving such methods. | 12 | |
| 202240291 | empiricism | The view that knowledge comes from experience and observation. | 13 | |
| 202240292 | engineering psychologist | Psychologists who study and try to improve the relationships between human beings and the computers and other machines they use. | 14 | |
| 202240293 | environmental psychologist | Psychologists who study the relationship between people's physical environment and their behavior. | 15 | |
| 202240294 | evolutionary approach | An approach to psychology that emphasizes the inherited, adaptive aspects of behavior and mental processes. | 16 | |
| 202240295 | forensic psychologist | Psychologists who are involved in many aspects of psychology and the law and legal system. | 17 | |
| 202240296 | Gestalt therapy | therapy that aims to integrate different and sometimes opposing aspects of personality into a unified sense of self. The goal is for clients to become aware of what they are doing, how they are doing it, and how they can change themselves, and at the same time, to learn to accept and value themselves. | 18 | |
| 202240297 | health psychologist | Psychologists who study the effects of behavior on health and the impact of illness on behavior and emotion. | 19 | |
| 202240298 | humanistic approach | A view of behavior as controlled by the decisions that people make about their lives based on the perceptions of the world. | 20 | |
| 202240299 | hypothesis | A specific, testable proposition about a phenomenon. | 21 | |
| 202240300 | industrial/organizational psychologist | Psychologists who examine factors that influence people's performances in the workplace. | 22 | |
| 202240301 | naturalistic observation | The process of watching without interfering as a phenomenon occurs in the natural environment. | 23 | |
| 202254039 | operant conditioning | A learning process through which rewards and punishments shape, maintain, and change behavior; a method of influencing behavior by rewarding desired behaviors and punishing undesired ones. | 24 | |
| 202254040 | operational definition | Statements that define phenomena or variables by describing the exact research operations or methods used in measuring or manipulating them. | 25 | |
| 202254041 | personality psychologist | Psychologists who focus on people's unique characteristics. | 26 | |
| 202254042 | psychodynamic approach | Emphasizes the interplay of unconscious psychological processes in determining human thoughts, feelings, and behavior. | 27 | |
| 202256361 | psychology | The science that seeks to understand behavior and mental processes and to apply that understanding in the service of human welfare. | 28 | |
| 202256362 | quantitative psychologist | Psychologists who develop statistical methods for evaluating and analyzing data from psychological research. | 29 | |
| 202256363 | reliability | The degree to which test results or other research evidence occurs repeatedly. | 30 | |
| 202256364 | school psychologist | Psychologists who test IQ, diagnose students' academic problems, and set up programs to improve students' achievement; assesses and counsels students, consults with educators and parents, and performs behavioral intervention when necessary. | 31 | |
| 202259401 | social psychologist | Psychologists who study how people influence one another's behavior and attitudes, especially in groups. | 32 | |
| 202259402 | sociocultural variable | Social identity and other background factors, such as gender, ethnicity, social class, and culture. | 33 | |
| 202259403 | sport psychologist | Psychologists whose researched is aimed at maximizing athletic performance. | 34 | |
| 202259404 | surveys | Research that involves giving people questionnaires or interviews designed to describe their attitudes, beliefs, opinions, and intentions. | 35 | |
| 202259405 | validity | The degree to which evidence from a test or other research method measures what is supposed to measure. | 36 | |
| 202259406 | variables | Specific factors or characteristics that can take on different numerical values in research. | 37 | |
| 202269258 | experiment | A situation in which the researcher manipulates one variable and observes the effect of that manipulation on another variable, while holding all other variable constant. | 38 | |
| 202269259 | independent variable | In an experiment, the variable manipulated by the researcher. | 39 | |
| 202269260 | dependent variable | In an experiment, the factor affected by the independent variable. | 40 | |
| 202269261 | experimental group | The group that receives the experimental treatment. | 41 | |
| 202269262 | control group | The group that receives no treatment or provides some other baseline against which to compare the performance or response of the experimental group. | 42 | |
| 202285119 | confounding variable | Any factor that affects the dependent variable along with, or instead of, the independent variable. | 43 | |
| 202285120 | random variables | Uncontrolled or uncontrollable factors that affect the dependent variable along with, or instead of, the independent variable. | 44 | |
| 202285121 | random assignment | A procedure through which random variables are evenly distributed in an experiment by placing participants in experimental and control groups on the basis of a coin flip or some other random process. | 45 | |
| 202285122 | placebo | A treatment that contains no active ingredient but produces an effect because the person receiving it believes it will. | 46 | |
| 202285123 | experimenter bias | A confounding variable that occurs when an experimenter unintentionally encourages participants to respond in a way that supports the hypothesis. | 47 | |
| 202285124 | double-blind design | A research design in which either the experimenter nor the participants know who is in the experimental group and who is in the control group. | 48 | |
| 202285125 | sampling | The process of selecting participants who are members of the populating that the researcher wishes to study. | 49 | |
| 202285126 | representative sample | A sample of research participants chosen from a larger population such that their age, gender, ethnicity, and other characteristics are typical of that larger population. | 50 | |
| 202285127 | random sample | A group of research participants selected from a population of whose members had an equal chance of being chosen. | 51 | |
| 202285128 | biased sample | A group of research participants selected from a population each of whose members did not have an equal chance of being chosen. | 52 | |
| 202285129 | behavioral genetics | The study of how genes and environments combine to affect behavior and mental processes. | 53 | |
| 202285130 | data | Numbers that represent research findings and provide the basis for conclusions. | 54 | |
| 202285131 | statistically significant | Referring to a correlation, or a difference between two groups, that is larger than would be expected by chance. | 55 | |
| 202285636 | correlation | A statistical calculation that indicates that two variables appear to be related to each other in some way. In other words, one predicts the other to some extent. | 56 |
