AP Psychology Chapter 9 Vocab David G. Myers
Terms : Hide Images
| 1237255165 | memory | learning information over time | 1 | |
| 1237255166 | flashbulb memory | a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event | 2 | |
| 1237255167 | encoding | the processing of information into the memory system | 3 | |
| 1237255168 | storage | The retention of encoded information over time. | 4 | |
| 1237255169 | retrieval | the process of getting information out of memory storage | 5 | |
| 1237255170 | sensory memory | the immediate, brief recording of sensory information in the memory system. | 6 | |
| 1237255171 | short term memory | activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of a phone number while dialing, before the information is stored or forgotten | 7 | |
| 1237255172 | long term memory | the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences. | 8 | |
| 1237255173 | working memory | a newer understanding of short-term memory that involves conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory | 9 | |
| 1237255174 | automatic processing | unconscious encoding of incidental information | 10 | |
| 1237255175 | effortful processing | encoding that requires attention and conscious effort. | 11 | |
| 1237255176 | rehearsal | the conscious repetition of information, either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode it for storage | 12 | |
| 1237255177 | spacing effect | the tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice | 13 | |
| 1237255178 | serial position effect | our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list | 14 | |
| 1237255179 | visual encoding | the encoding of picture images | 15 | |
| 1237255180 | acoustic encoding | the encoding of sound, especially the sound of words | 16 | |
| 1237255181 | semantic encoding | the encoding of meaning, including the meaning of words | 17 | |
| 1237255182 | imagery | mental pictures | 18 | |
| 1237255183 | mnemonics | memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices | 19 | |
| 1237255184 | chunking | organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically | 20 | |
| 1237255185 | iconic memory | a momentary sensory memory mental picture; lasting no more than a few tenths of a second | 21 | |
| 1237255186 | echoic memory | a momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds | 22 | |
| 1237255187 | long term potentiation | an increase in a synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory | 23 | |
| 1237255188 | amnesia | the loss of memory | 24 | |
| 1237255189 | implicit memory | retention independent of conscious recollection. (Also called procedural memory) | 25 | |
| 1237255190 | explicit memory | memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare." (Also called declarative memory) | 26 | |
| 1237255191 | hippocampus | a neural center that is located in the limbic system and helps process explicit memories for storage | 27 | |
| 1237255192 | recall | A measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier | 28 | |
| 1237255193 | recognition | a measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned, as on a multiple-choice test | 29 | |
| 1237255194 | relearning | A memory measure that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time. | 30 | |
| 1237255195 | priming | the activation, often unconsciously, of particular associations in memory | 31 | |
| 1237255196 | deja vu | that eerie sense that "I've experienced this before." Cues from the current situation may subconsciously trigger retrieval of an earlier experience. | 32 | |
| 1237255197 | mood congruent memory | the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood | 33 | |
| 1237255198 | proactive interference | the disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information | 34 | |
| 1237255199 | retroactive interference | the disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information | 35 | |
| 1237255200 | repression | in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories | 36 | |
| 1237255201 | misinformation effect | incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event. | 37 | |
| 1237255202 | source amnesia | attributing to the wrong source an event we have experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined. (Also called source misattribution.) Source amnesia, along with the misinformation effect, is at the heart of many false memories. | 38 |
