Famous psychologists (and their most known accomplishments) that you should know for the AP Psychology Exam.
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| 6615251138 | Mary Ainsworth | Studied attachment in infants using the "strange situation" model. Label infants "secure", "insecure" (etc.) in attachment |  | 0 |
| 6615251139 | Solomon Asch | Conducted famous conformity experiment that required subjects to match lines. |  | 1 |
| 6615251140 | Albert Bandura | Famous for the Bobo Doll experiments on observational learning & influence in the Socio-Cognitive Perspective |  | 2 |
| 6615251141 | Alfred Binet | Created first intelligence test for Parisian school children |  | 3 |
| 6615251143 | Noam Chomsky | Created concept of "universal grammar" and language acquisition device |  | 4 |
| 6615251144 | Hermann Ebbinghaus | Memorized nonsense syllables in early study on human memory and forgetting curve |  | 5 |
| 6615251145 | Erik Erikson | Known for his 8-stage theory of Psychosocial Development (ex: generatavity vs stagnation) |  | 6 |
| 6615251146 | Sigmund Freud | Developed psychoanalysis; considered to be "father of modern psychiatry" |  | 7 |
| 6615251147 | John Garcia | Studied taste aversion in rats; led to knowledge that sickness and taste preferences can be conditioned |  | 8 |
| 6615251148 | Carol Gilligan | Presented feminist critique of Kolhberg's moral development theory; believed women's moral sense guided by relationships |  | 9 |
| 6615251149 | Harry Harlow | Studied attachment in monkeys with artificial mothers (wire vs terry cloth monkey moms) |  | 10 |
| 6615251150 | William James | created Functionalist school of thought; early American psychology teacher/philosopher who wrote first Psychology Textbook |  | 11 |
| 6615251153 | Lawrence Kohlberg | Famous for his theory of moral development in children; made use of moral dilemmas in assessment |  | 12 |
| 6615251154 | Elizabeth Loftus | Her research on memory construction and the misinformation effect created doubts about the accuracy of eye-witness testimony |  | 13 |
| 6615251155 | Abraham Maslow | Humanistic psychologist known for his "Hierarchy of Needs" and the concept of "self-actualization" |  | 14 |
| 6615251156 | Stanley Milgram | Conducted "shocking" (Ha!) experiments on obedience |  | 15 |
| 6615251157 | Ivan Pavlov | Described process of classical conditioning after famous experiments with dogs |  | 16 |
| 6615251158 | Jean Piaget | Known for his theory of cognitive development in children |  | 17 |
| 6615251159 | Carl Rogers | Developed "client-centered" therapy |  | 18 |
| 6615251160 | Stanley Schachter | Developed "Two-Factor" theory of emotion; experiments on spillover effect |  | 19 |
| 6615251161 | B.F. Skinner | Described process of operant conditioning, and created operant chamber |  | 20 |
| 6615251162 | Edward Thorndike | Famous for "law of effect" and research on cats in "puzzle boxes" |  | 21 |
| 6615251163 | John Watson | Early behaviorist; famous for the "Little Albert" experiments on fear conditioning |  | 22 |
| 6615251164 | Benjamin Lee Whorf | Famous for describing concept of "linguistic determinism", the idea that the language we speak determines how we think/percieve |  | 23 |
| 6615251165 | William Wundt | Conducted first psychology experiments in first psych laboratory |  | 24 |
| 6615251166 | Philip Zimbardo | Conducted Stanford Prison experiment |  | 25 |
| 6615251167 | Hans Selye | (Accidentally) described (GAS) General Adaptation Syndrome - alarm, resistance, exhaustion |  | 26 |
| 6615251168 | Karen Horney | Neo-Freudian; offered feminist critique of Freud's theory |  | 27 |
| 6615251169 | Martin Seligman | Conducted experiments with dogs that led to the concept of "learned helplessness" and later founded "positive psychology" |  | 28 |
| 6615251171 | Alfred Adler | Neo-Freudian; introduced concept of "inferiority complex" and stressed the importance of birth order |  | 29 |
| 6615251172 | Albert Ellis | Developed "rational emotive behavior therapy" (REBT) |  | 30 |
| 6615251173 | Aaron Beck | Developed cognitive-behavior therapy |  | 31 |
| 6615251174 | Gordon Allport | Founder of Trait Theory |  | 32 |
| 6615251175 | Phineas Gage | His survival of a horrible industrial accident taught us about the role of the frontal lobes (okay, he's not really a psychologist...) |  | 33 |
| 6615251178 | Mary Whiton Calkins | first female president of the APA (1905); a student of William James; denied the PhD she earned from Harvard because of her sex (later, posthumously, it was granted to her) |  | 34 |
| 6615251179 | Charles Darwin | his idea, that the genetic composition of a species can be altered through natural selection, has had a lasting impact on psychology through the evolutionary perspective; also contributed to Functionalism |  | 35 |
| 6615251180 | Dorothea Dix | American activist who successfully pressured lawmakers to construct & fund asylums for the mentally ill |  | 36 |
| 6615251181 | G. Stanley Hall | Girst American to work for Wundt; Founded the American Psychological Association (now largest organization of psychologists in the USA) and became first president |  | 37 |
| 6615251183 | Paul Broca | the part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscles involved in speech was named for him, because he first identified it |  | 38 |
| 6615251184 | Carl Wernicke | an area of the brain (in the left temporal lobe) involved in language comprehension and expression was named for him because he discovered it |  | 39 |
| 6615251185 | Michael Gazzaniga | Conducted the "HE-ART" experiments with split brain patients |  | 40 |
| 6615251186 | Roger Sperry | like Gazzaniga, studied split brain patients; showed that left/right hemispheres have different functions |  | 41 |
| 6615251187 | Gustav Fechner | early German psychologist credited with founding psychophysics |  | 42 |
| 6615251188 | David Hubel & Torsten Weisel | two Nobel prize winning neuroscientists who demonstrated the importance of "feature detector" neurons in visual perception |  | 43 |
| 6615251189 | Ernst Weber | best known for "Weber's Law", the notion that the JND magnitude is proportional to the stimulus magnitude |  | 44 |
| 6615251190 | Ernest Hilgard | famous for his hypnosis research & the "hidden observer" theory |  | 45 |
| 6615251191 | Robert Rescorla | researched classical conditioning; found subjects learn the predictability of an event through trials (cognitive element) |  | 46 |
| 6615251192 | Edward Tolman | researched rats' use of "cognitive maps" |  | 47 |
| 6615251194 | George A. Miller | made famous the phrase: "the magical number 7, plus or minus 2" when describing human memory |  | 48 |
| 6615251195 | Alfred Kinsey | his research described human sexual behavior and was controversial (for its methodology & findings |  | 49 |
| 6615251196 | Diana Baumrind | her theory of parenting styles had three main types (permissive, authoratative, & authoritarian) |  | 50 |
| 6615251197 | Lev Vygotsky | founder of "Social Development Theory" (note: not "social learning theory" OR "psychosocial" development...); emphasizes importace of Zone of Proximal Development and scaffolding (a process in which teachers model or demonstrate how to solve a problem, and then step back, offering support as needed) |  | 51 |
| 6615251198 | Konrad Lorenz | won Nobel prize for research on imprinting, when animals that hatch attach to the first thing they see |  | 52 |
| 6615251199 | Carl Jung | neo-Freudian who created concept of "collective unconscious" and wrote books on dream interpretation, also involved in Meijers Briggs personality test |  | 53 |
| 6615251202 | Howard Gardner | best known for his theory of "multiple intelligences" |  | 54 |
| 6615251203 | Charles Spearman | creator of "g-factor", or general intelligence, concept, used factor analysis to determine |  | 55 |
| 6615251204 | Robert Sternberg | creator of 3 Types of Intelligence theory practical, analytic, creative) |  | 56 |
| 6615251205 | Lewis Terman | advocate of intelligence testing in US; developed Standford-Binet test and oversaw army's use of intelligence testing during WWI |  | 57 |
| 6615251206 | David Weschler | Developer of WAIS and WISC intelligence tests |  | 58 |
| 6615251207 | Mary Cover Jones | "Mother of behavior therapy"; used classical conditioning to help "Peter" overcome fear of rabbits |  | 59 |
| 6615251208 | Joseph Wolpe | Described use of systematic desensitization to treat phobias |  | 60 |
| 6615251209 | Leon Festinger | Described concept of cognitive dissonance |  | 61 |
| 6615251210 | Paul Ekman | Interested in the universality of facial expressions: facial expressions carry same meaning regardless of culture, context, or language. Use of microexpressions to detect lying. |  | 62 |
| 6615251211 | William Masters & Virginia Johnson | Used direct observation and experimentation to study sexual response cycle (4 stages) |  | 63 |
| 6615251214 | Edward Bradford Titchener | Student of Wundt and founder of structuralism. Used introspection to search for the mind's structural elements. |  | 64 |
