Terms : Hide Images
| 12148041394 | biological perspective | the psychological perspective that emphasizes the influence of biology on behavior | 0 | |
| 12148083684 | psychoanalytic perspective | the perspective that stresses the influences of unconscious forces on human behavior | 1 | |
| 12148130386 | behavioral perspective | the approach that suggests that observable, measurable behavior should be the focus of study. | 2 | |
| 12148149063 | cognitive perspective | a psychological approach that emphasizes mental processes in perception, memory, language, problem solving, and other areas of behavior | 3 | |
| 12148207231 | humanistic perspective | the psychological view that assumes the existence of the self and emphasizes the importance of self-awareness and the freedom to make choices | 4 | |
| 12168575508 | experimental research | research designed to discover causal relationships between various factors | 5 | |
| 12195803943 | nonexperimental research | a descriptive study that does not exhibit a great amount of control over variables | 6 | |
| 12195806454 | ethical principles of research | 1) protecting the rights of participants 2) research is consistent with organization's rules, standards of practice, and all laws 3) the counselor is responsible for actions taken by those under their supervision 4) respect of the culture of participants 5) minimize the harm done to participants | 7 | |
| 12195808596 | debrief | the post-experimental explanation of a study, including its purpose and any deceptions, to its participants | 8 | |
| 12195809589 | correlation coefficient | a statistical index of the relationship between two things (from -1 to +1) | 9 | |
| 12195813600 | corpus callosum | the large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them | 10 | |
| 12195816896 | pituitary gland | the endocrine system's most influential gland. under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands. | 11 | |
| 12195819483 | adrenal glands | glands that help the body recover from stress and respond to emergencies | 12 | |
| 12195821742 | sympathetic nervous system | the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations | 13 | |
| 12195826290 | parts of a neuron | cell body, axon, dendrites, myelin sheath |  | 14 |
| 12195831972 | PET | a visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task |  | 15 |
| 12195835472 | CAT scan | a method of creating static images of the brain through computerized axial tomography |  | 16 |
| 12195836354 | MRI | a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images that distinguish among different types of soft tissue; allows us to see structures within the brain |  | 17 |
| 12195839775 | EEG | an amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain's surface. These waves are measured by electrodes placed on the scalp. |  | 18 |
| 12195841418 | rods and cones | in the retina, receives images that have passed through the lens of the eye | 19 | |
| 12195846787 | sensory adaptation | diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation | 20 | |
| 12195848402 | absolute threshold | the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time | 21 | |
| 12195848403 | gate-control theory | the theory that the spinal cord contains a neurological "gate" that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain. The "gate" is opened by the activity of pain signals traveling up small nerve fibers and is closed by activity in larger fibers or by information coming from the brain. | 22 | |
| 12195851599 | signal detection theory | the response to a stimulus depends both on a person's sensitivity to the stimulus and on the person's physical and psychological state | 23 | |
| 12195862933 | REM sleep | a stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements and a high level of brain activity | 24 | |
| 12195862934 | non-REM sleep | a quiet or deep sleep state characterized by the absence of motor activity or eye movements and more regular, slow brain waves, breathing, and heart rate | 25 | |
| 12195866979 | physical dependence | a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued | 26 | |
| 12195869653 | Pavlovian conditioning | a type of learning in which a neutral stimulus acquires the ability to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus (classical conditioning with dogs) |  | 27 |
| 12195881632 | Skinner Box | Named for its developer, B.F. Skinner, a box that contains a responding mechanism and a device capable of delivering a consequence to an animal in the box whenever it makes the desired response (operant conditioning) |  | 28 |
| 12195885802 | Watson and Skinner | redefined psychology as "the scientific study of observable behavior" (behaviorism) | 29 | |
| 12195891593 | Bandura's Social Learning Theory | emphasizing learning through observation, vicarious learning and modeling |  | 30 |
| 12195896687 | positive and negative reinforcement/punishment | positive reinforcement- give good when desired behavior performed negative reinforcement- remove bad when desired behavior performed positive punishment- give bad when desired behavior not performed negative punishment- remove good when desired behavior not performed | 31 | |
| 12195907632 | long-term potentiation (LTP) | an increase in a synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory. | 32 | |
| 12195922767 | Carl Rogers | humanistic; Contributions: founded person-centered therapy, theory that emphasizes the unique quality of humans especially their freedom and potential for personal growth, unconditional positive regard, fully functioning person |  | 33 |
| 12195926598 | Alfred Adler | Neo-Freudian; introduced concept of "inferiority complex" and stressed the importance of birth order |  | 34 |
| 12195931474 | Erik Erikson | neo-Freudian, humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting "Who am I?" |  | 35 |
| 12195938117 | Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale | a test for determining a person's intelligence quotient, or IQ | 36 | |
| 12195940093 | dissociative fugue | disorder in which one travels away from home and is unable to remember details of his past, including often his identity | 37 | |
| 12195944328 | SSRIs | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors | 38 | |
| 12195946653 | electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) | a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient | 39 | |
| 12195950501 | Stanley Milgram | obedience to authority; electric shock experiment | 40 | |
| 12195955499 | fundamental attribution error | the tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition | 41 | |
| 12195962541 | Hans Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome | selye's concept of the body's adaptive response to stress in three phases—alarm, resistance, exhaustion. | 42 |
