Famous psychologists (and their most known accomplishments) that you should know for the AP Psychology Exam.
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| 23627923 | Mary Ainsworth | Studied attachment in infants using the "strange situation" model. Label infants "secure", "insecure" (etc.) in attachment | |
| 23627924 | Solomon Asch | Conducted famous conformity experiment that required subjects to match lines. | |
| 23627925 | Albert Bandura | Famous for the Bobo Doll experiments on observational learning & influence in the Socio-Cognitive Perspective | |
| 23627926 | Alfred Binet | Created first intelligence test for Parisian school children | |
| 23627927 | Thomas Bouchard | Studied identical twins separated at birth | |
| 23627928 | Noam Chomsky | Created concept of "universal grammar" | |
| 23627929 | Hermann Ebbinghaus | Memorized nonsense syllables in early study on human memory | |
| 23627930 | Erik Erikson | Known for his 8-stage theory of Psychosocial Development | |
| 23627931 | Sigmund Freud | Developed psychoanalysis; considered to be "father of modern psychiatry" | |
| 23627932 | John Garcia | studied taste aversion in rats; led to knowledge that sickness and taste preferences can be conditioned | |
| 23627933 | Carol Gilligan | Presented feminist critique of Kolhberg's moral development theory; believed women's moral sense guided by relationships | |
| 23627934 | Harry Harlow | Studied attachment in monkeys with artificial mothers | |
| 23627935 | William James | created Functionalist school of thought; early American psychology teacher/philosopher | |
| 23627936 | Jerome Kagan | Conducted longitudinal studies on temperament (infancy to adolescence) | |
| 23627937 | Ancel Keys | Conducted semi-starvation experiments to measure psych effects of hunger | |
| 23627938 | Lawrence Kohlberg | Famous for his theory of moral development in children; made use of moral dilemmas in assessment | |
| 23627939 | Elizabeth Loftus | Her research on memory construction and the misinformation effect created doubts about the accuracy of eye-witness testimony | |
| 23627940 | Abraham Maslow | Humanistic psychologist known for his "Hierarchy of Needs" and the concept of "self-actualization" | |
| 23627941 | Stanley Milgram | Conducted "shocking" (Ha!) experiments on obedience | |
| 23627942 | Ivan Pavlov | Described process of classical conditioning after famous experiments with dogs | |
| 23627943 | Jean Piaget | Known for his theory of cognitive development in children | |
| 23627944 | Carl Rogers | Developed "client-centered" therapy | |
| 23627945 | Stanley Schachter | Developed "Two-Factor" theory of emotion; experiments on spillover effect | |
| 23627946 | B.F. Skinner | Described process of operant conditioning | |
| 23627947 | Edward Thorndike | Famous for "law of effect" and research on cats in "puzzle boxes" | |
| 23627948 | John Watson | Early behaviorist; famous for the "Little Albert" experiments on fear conditioning | |
| 23627949 | Benjamin Lee Whorf | Famous for describing concept of "liguistic determinism" | |
| 23627950 | William Wundt | Conducted first psychology experiments in first psych laboratory | |
| 23627951 | Philip Zimbardo | Conducted Stanford Prison experiment | |
| 23627952 | Hans Selye | (Accidently) described General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) | |
| 23627953 | Karen Horney | Neo-Freudian; offered feminist critique of Freud's theory | |
| 23627954 | Carl Jung | Developed idea of "collective unconscious" | |
| 23787618 | Martin Seligman | Conducted experiments with dogs that led to the concept of "learned helplessness" | |
| 23787619 | Fritz Perls | Creator of Gestalt Therapy | |
| 23789212 | Alfred Adler | Neo-Freudian; introduced concept of "inferiority complex" and stressed the importance of birth order | |
| 23789213 | Albert Ellis | Developed "rational emotive behavior therapy" (REBT) | |
| 23789214 | Aaron Beck | Developed cognitive-behavior therapy | |
| 23789215 | Gordon Allport | Founder of Trait Theory | |
| 23789216 | Phineas Gage | his survival of a horrible industrial accident taught us about the role of the frontal lobes (okay, he's not really a psychologist...) | |
| 23789283 | Walter Mischel | offered famous critique of trait theory and its claims | |
| 25503028 | David McClelland | studied achievement motivation; found those with high levels are driven to master challenging tasks | |
| 25504048 | Elizabeth Kubler-Ross | wrote "On Death and Dying"; developed 5 stage theory of grief | |
| 66111295 | Mary Whiton Calkins | first female president of the APA (1905); a student of William James; denied the PhD she earned from Harvard because of her sex (later, posthumously, it was granted to her) | |
| 66111296 | Charles Darwin | his idea, that the genetic composition of a species can be altered through natural selection, has had a lasting impact on psychology through the evolutionary perspective | |
| 66111297 | Dorothea Dix | American activist who successfully pressured lawmakers to construct & fund asylums for the mentally ill | |
| 66111298 | G. Stanley Hall | first american to work for Wundt; • Founded the American Psychological Association (now largest organization of psychologists in the USA) and became first president | |
| 66111299 | Margaret Floy Washburn | First female to be awarded a PhD in psychology; 2nd president of the APA (1921) | |
| 66111300 | Paul Broca | the part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscles involved in speech was named for him, because he first identified it | |
| 66111301 | Carl Wernicke | an area of the brain (in the left temporal lobe) involved in language comprehension and expression was named for him because he discovered it | |
| 66111302 | Michael Gazzaniga | Conducted the "HE-ART" experiments with split brain patients | |
| 66111303 | Roger Sperry | like Gazzaniga, studied split brain patients; showed that left/right hemispheres have different functions | |
| 66168212 | Gustav Fechner | early German psychologist credited with founding psychophysics | |
| 66168213 | David Hubel & Torsten Weisel | two Nobel prize winning neuroscientists who demonstrated the importance of "feature detector" neurons in visual perception | |
| 66168214 | Ernst Weber | best known for "Weber's Law", the notion that the JND magnitude is proportional to the stimulus magnitude | |
| 66168215 | Ernest Hilgard | famous for his hypnosis research & the theory that a "hidden observer" theory | |
| 66168216 | Robert Rescorla | researched classical conditioning; found subjects learn the predictability of an event through trials (cognitive element) | |
| 66168217 | Edward Tolman | researched rats' use of "cognitive maps" | |
| 66168218 | Wolfgang Kohler | considered to be the founder of Gestalt Psychology | |
| 66168219 | George A. Miller | made famous the phrase: "the magical number 7, plus or minus 2" when describing human memory | |
| 66168220 | Alfred Kinsey | his research on human sexual behavior was controversial (methodology & findings) | |
| 66168221 | Diana Baumrind | her theory of parenting styles had three main types (permissive, authoratative, & authoritarian) | |
| 66168222 | Lev Vygotsky | founder of "Social Development Theory" (note: not "social learning theory" OR "psychosocial" development...) | |
| 66168223 | Konrad Lorenz | won Nobel prize for research on imprinting | |
| 66168224 | Alfred Adler | neo-Freudian who believed birth order influences personality traits | |
| 66168225 | Carl Jung | neo-Freudian who created concept of "collective unconscious" and wrote books on dream interpretation | |
| 66168226 | Paul Costa & Robert McCrae | creators of the "Big Five" model of personality traits | |
| 66168227 | Francis Galton | interested in link between heredity and intelligence; founder of the eugenics movement | |
| 66168228 | Howard Garnder | best known for his theory of "multiple intelligences" | |
| 66168229 | Charles Spearman | creator of "g-factor", or general intelligence, concept | |
| 66168230 | Robert Sternberg | creator of "successful intelligence" theory (3 types) | |
| 66168231 | Louis Terman | advocate of intelligence testing in US; developed Standford-Binet test and oversaw army's use of intelligence testing during WWI | |
| 66168232 | David Weschler | developer of WAIS and WISC intelligence tests | |
| 66168233 | Mary Cover Jones | "mother of behavior therapy"; used classical conditioning to help "Peter" overcome fear of rabbits | |
| 66168234 | Joseph Wolpe | described use of systematic desensitization to treat phobias | |
| 66168235 | Leon Festinger | described concept of cognitive dissonance |
