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| 5993366475 | Absolute Threshold | the minimally effective stimulus that will elicit a sensation on 50% of the trials |  | 0 |
| 5993366476 | Action Potential | the change in electrical potential associated with the activity of the nerves and muscles |  | 1 |
| 5993366477 | Aggression | Any behavior directed towards another that is intended to cause harm. |  | 2 |
| 5993366478 | Anxiety | An unpleasant state that is associated with feelings of uneasiness, apprehension, and heightened psychological arousal. |  | 3 |
| 5993366479 | Anxiety Disorder | A psychological disorder characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety. |  | 4 |
| 5993366480 | Artificial Intelligence | Created intelligence (i.e. Computers) |  | 5 |
| 5993366481 | Associationism | The psychological theory that says our understanding of the world occurs through ideas associated with similar sensory experiences and perceptions |  | 6 |
| 5993366482 | Attachment | A close fundamental emotional bond that develops between the infant and his or her parent or caregiver. |  | 7 |
| 5993366483 | Attitude Change | Attitude is a person's general evaluation of an object while Attitude Change involves changing the way a person thinks about something. |  | 8 |
| 5993366484 | Attitudes and Behavior | Feelings and beliefs that predispose responses and are observable. |  | 9 |
| 5993366485 | Attribution Theory | the position that without necessarily doing so, individuals employ a number of tests to determine whether another person's words and deeds reflect his underlying characteristics or are merely forced responses to a given situation |  | 10 |
| 5993366486 | Avoidance Learning | Also known as escape learning- response to avoid unpleasant situations. |  | 11 |
| 5993366487 | Binocular Depth Cues | three-dimensional vision that depend on the movement of both eyes. |  | 12 |
| 5993366488 | Central Nervous System | Neurons in the brain and spinal cord. carries information back and forth between the brain and body. |  | 13 |
| 5993366489 | Cerebellum | Part of the hindbrain involved in coordinating movements but not in initiating voluntary movements. Also involved in cognitive functions, such as short-term memory. |  | 14 |
| 5993366490 | Cerebral Cortex | Outer layer of the cerebrum. Consists of the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes. |  | 15 |
| 5993366491 | Cerebral Hemispheres | The two halves of the cerebrum. They are connected by the corpus callosum. |  | 16 |
| 5993366492 | Childhood | girls begin puberty between 8-10, boys 9-16 |  | 17 |
| 5993366493 | Classical Conditioning | Kind of learning in which a neutral stimulus acquires the ability to produce a response originally produced by a different stimulus. |  | 18 |
| 5993366494 | Cognitive Development | How a person perceives, thinks, and gains an understanding of their world through the interaction and influence of genetic and learned factors. |  | 19 |
| 6047535419 | Cognitive Dissonance Theory | A state of unpleasant psychological tension that motivates us to reduce our cognitive inconsistencies by making our beliefs more consistent with one another. | 20 | |
| 6047535420 | Conditioned Stimulus | the neutral or indifferent stimulus that through conditioning becomes effective in eliciting the conditioned response | 21 | |
| 6047535421 | Conditioned Reflex | the learned responses to an indifferent stimulus that has been attached to it by repeatedly pairing the stimulus with a reinforcer | 22 | |
| 6047535422 | Conformity | a tendency to allow one's behavior to be governed by prevailing attitudes and opinions | 23 | |
| 6047535423 | Consciousness | An individual's different levels of awareness of his or her thoughts and feelings. Creating images in the mind, following thought processes, and having unique emotional experiences are all part of the consciousness. | 24 | |
| 6047535424 | Contrast | the effect a visual stimulus has on another; when one stimulus is present, it affects the other | 25 | |
| 6047535425 | Control Group | Subjects who undergo all the same procedures as the experimental subjects do, except that the control subjects do not receive the treatment. | 26 | |
| 6047535426 | Correlation Coefficient | A number that indicates the strength of a relationship between two or more events. The closer the number is to -1.00 or +1.00, the greater is the relationship. | 27 | |
| 6047535427 | Correlation Method | A research method used to establish the degree of relationship (correlation) between two characteristics, events, or behaviors. | 28 | |
| 6047535428 | Dendrite | the fiber(s) of a neuron conveying impulses toward the cell body | 29 | |
| 6112222923 | Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) | Molecule that carries genetic instructions used in growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms. | 30 | |
| 6112222924 | Dependent Varaible | One or more of the subjects' behaviors that are used to measure the potential effects of the treatment or independent variable. | 31 | |
| 6112222925 | Depression | A mood disorder marked by at least two weeks of continually being in a bad mood, having no interest in anything, and getting no pleasure from activities. | 32 | |
| 6112222926 | Depth Perception | awareness of the distance between an observer an an object | 33 | |
| 6112222927 | Determinism | The doctrine that all events, including human action, are ultimately determined by causes external to the will. | 34 | |
| 6112222928 | Developmental Stages | Different stages of a person's biological, emotional, cognitive, personal, and social development across their life span. | 35 | |
| 6112222929 | Distance Cues | deal with how we perceive how close or far away something is | 36 | |
| 6112222930 | Ego | Freud's second division of the mind, which develops from the id from infancy; it's goal is to find safe and socially acceptable ways of satisfying the id's desires and to negotiate between the id's wants and the superego's prohibitions. | 37 | |
| 6112222931 | Electroencephalograph (EEG) | Records the frequency (speed) and amplitude (height) of brain waves. | 38 | |
| 6112222932 | Empiricism | derived from naturalistic observation or from experimental procedures | 39 | |
| 6223903956 | Etiology | the investigation of casual relations in diseases | 40 | |
| 6223903957 | Evolution and Functionalism | a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage); a school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function -- how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish | 41 | |
| 6223903958 | Experimental Group | In an experiment, the subjects who receive the treatment. | 42 | |
| 6223903959 | Extinction | In classical conditioning, the reduction in a response when the conditioned stimulus is no longer followed by the unconditioned stimulus. | 43 | |
| 6223903960 | Forgetting Curve | A graph measuring the amount of previously learned information that subjects recall or recognize across time. | 44 | |
| 6223903961 | Free Association | A Freudian technique in which clients are encouraged to talk about any thoughts or images that enter their heads; the assumption is that this kind of free-flowing, uncensored talking will provide clues to unconscious material. | 45 | |
| 6223903962 | Free Recall | A basic paradigm in the psychological study of memory. In this paradigm, participants study a list of items on each trial, and then are prompted to recall the items in any order | 46 | |
| 6223903963 | Frequency (audition) | The number of sound waves that occur within a given period of time. | 47 | |
| 6223903964 | Gestalt Principals of Organization | The organizing principles of perception proposed by the Gestalt psychologists. These principles include the laws of proximity, similarity, closure, continuation, and common fate. | 48 | |
| 6223903965 | Gestalt Psychology | Branch of Psychology that emphasized the idea that perception is more than the sum of it's parts. | 49 | |
| 6294489292 | Hypothesis Testing | A procedure, based on sample evidence and probability theory, used to determine whether the hypothesis is a reasonable statement and should not be rejected or is unreasonable and should be rejected. | 50 | |
| 6294489293 | Id | Freud's first division of the mind, which contains two biological drives: sex and aggression. It's goal is to pursue pleasure. | 51 | |
| 6294489294 | Independent Varaible | In an experiment, a treatment or something else that the researcher controls or manipulates. | 52 | |
| 6294489295 | Infant-Mother Attachement | The way that an infant reacts when the mother leaves the room and then returns later | 53 | |
| 6294489296 | Information-Processing Approach | The theory is based on the idea that humans process the information they receive, rather than merely responding to stimuli. | 54 | |
| 6294489297 | Instrumental behavior | An action performed to reach a goal, such as to obtain a food item, achieve some other kind of reward, or remove a punishment; the behavior causes the desired outcome. | 55 | |
| 6294489298 | Intelligence | Refers to intellectual functioning. Is usually said to involve mental capabilities such as the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend ideas and language, and learn. | 56 | |
| 6294489299 | Intelligence Quotient | A measure of intelligence computed by dividing a child's mental age, as measured in an intelligence test, by the child's chronological age and multiplying by 100. | 57 | |
| 6294489300 | Introversion-Extroversion | A personality trait that signifies that one finds energy from internal sources rather than external ones;Personality style where the individual prefers outward and group activity as opposed to inward and individual activity. | 58 | |
| 6294489301 | Just Noticeable Difference | The smallest increase or decrease in the intensity of a stimulus that a person can manage to detect. | 59 | |
| 6353549990 | Law of Effect | Created by Edward Thorndlike. Says that behaviors followed by positive consequences are strengthened (and thus more likely to occur in the future). | 60 | |
| 6353549991 | Long Term Memory | Permanent memory or memory that endures for long periods, possibly for life. | 61 | |
| 6353549992 | Longitudinal Research | A technique in which changes in the same individual are studied over a long period of time or over the entire span of development. | 62 | |
| 6353549993 | Meaning | That which is intended. That which is a given term or symbol stands for or designates. | 63 | |
| 6353549994 | Mental Illness | Any behavioral disorder, whether functional or organic, such as a degree of severity as to require professional help or hospitalization. | 64 | |
| 6353549995 | Mental Imagery | A conscious representation of something that is not present to the senses. | 65 | |
| 6353549996 | Milgram's Obedience Experiment | Was a series of social psychology experiments conducted by Yale University psychologist Stanley Milgram, which measured the willingness of study participants to obey an authority figure who instructed them to perform acts that conflicted with their personal conscience. | 66 | |
| 6353549997 | Nature-Nurture Controversy | The problem of deciding the relative contribution of heredity and environment to the development of individual differences. | 67 | |
| 6353549998 | Neocortex | The dorsal region of the cerebral cortex, especially large in higher mammals and the most recently evolved part of the brain. | 68 | |
| 6353549999 | Neurotransmitters | Are endogenous chemicals which relay, amplify, and modulate signals between a neuron and another cell. | 69 | |
| 6404160873 | Normal Distribution | A frequency distribution in which the values or scores group around the mean, with the greatest number of cases near the mean and with the frequency of cases trailing off on either side of the mean. | 70 | |
| 6404160874 | Operant Conditioning | A type of conditioning where the reinforcement is made contingent upon the human/animal's responses. | 71 | |
| 6404160875 | Origins of Species | Is a seminal word of scientific literature, considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology. Darwin's book introduced the theory that populations evolve over the course of generations through a process of natural selection. | 72 | |
| 6404160876 | Personality | The dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his characteristic behavior and thought. | 73 | |
| 6404160877 | Phobia | A strong, persistent, and irrational fear elicited by a specific stimulus or situation. | 74 | |
| 6404160878 | Placebo Effect | The beneficial effect in a patient following a particular treatment that arises from the patient's expectations concerning the treatment rather than from the treatment itself. | 75 | |
| 6404160879 | Positive Reinforcement | Is the specialist term in operant conditioning for the "stamping-in" of stimulus associations and response habits that follows the experience of reward. Such reinforcement is defined to occur when an event following a response causes an increase in the probability of that response occurring in the future. | 76 | |
| 6404160880 | Prejudice | An attitude, either positive or negative, formulated in advance of sufficient evidence and help with emotional tendency. | 77 | |
| 6404160881 | Prosocial Behavior | The disposition to act in behalf of others for unselfish reasons. | 78 | |
| 6404160882 | Psychoanalytic Theory | A dynamic system of psychology that seeks the roots of human behavior in unconscious motivation and conflict. | 79 | |
| 6459198235 | Psychosis | A severe mental disorder characterized by disorganization of the thought processes, disturbances in emotionality, disorientation as to time, space, and person, and in some cases, hallucinations and delusions. | 80 | |
| 6459198236 | Psychosomatic Disorder | A disorder caused by a combination of organic and psychological factors. There may be tissue changes, as with peptic ulcers. | 81 | |
| 6459198237 | Psychotherapy | The application of specialized techniques to the treatment of mental disorders or to the problems of everyday adjustment. | 82 | |
| 6459198238 | Rehearsal | A review of already learned material. | 83 | |
| 6459198239 | Reinforcement | The strengthening of a response by adding an increment of habit strength. Increasing the probability of a response. Strengthening of one reflex activity by the simultaneous elicitation of another. | 84 | |
| 6459198240 | Right Hemishphere | Controls the left side of your body. Dominant of nonverbal, spatial, and holistic aspects. Also dominant for most aspects of visual-spatial perceptual functioning, the recognition of faces including friend's, loved ones, and one's own face in the mirror. | 85 | |
| 6459198241 | Sample | A selected part representative of the whole. | 86 | |
| 6459198242 | Semantic Memory | Memory of generic, context-free knowledge. | 87 | |
| 6459198243 | Serial Position Function | The predictable patterns of memory and forgetting of lists of stimuli. Occurs due to three factors: distinctiveness, constraints of short-term memory, and inhibition. | 88 | |
| 6459198244 | Short-term Memory | Also called working memory, is the form of memory we use to hold digits, words, names, or other items in memory for a brief period of time. Memory that has short duration; typically a few seconds and is of limited capacity, usually 5-9 items. | 89 | |
| 6685367771 | Significance Level | In hypothesis testing, the significance level is the criterion used for rejecting the null hypothesis. | 90 | |
| 6685367772 | Significant Difference | The degree to which an obtained value will not occur by chance and can therefore be attributed to another factor. The degree of significance is typically stated in terms of some level. Thus, that the difference between two means is significant at the 0.01 level means that out of 100 samplings, the obtained difference could occur only once by chance alone. | 91 | |
| 6685367773 | Social Influence | Society can influence the behavior of its members in many ways. It can pass laws through its governmental institutions, creating severe punishments for particular antisocial behaviors. It can develop a strong desire for ethics and morals, usually through its religious institutions. It can hold its professionals to strong ethical codes of conduct. It can educate and inform through its school systems and media outlets. But the primary reasons why a society can control the behavior of most of its citizens is our inherent psychological need for psychic growth and maturity. Whether we call it self-actualization or individuation, there seems to be a natural inclination within the human psyche to behave in a moral or ethical manner. | 92 | |
| 6685367774 | Socialization | The process of learning the customs, habits, folkways, and mores of a given culture. | 93 | |
| 6685367775 | Socioeconomic Status | The individual's relative position in the community. Some of the factor's contributing to socioeconomic status are profession, income, place, and cost of residence and relatives. | 94 | |
| 6685367776 | Traits | A relatively persistent and consistent behavior pattern manifested in a wide range of circumstances. A biological characteristic. | 95 | |
| 6685367777 | Unconscious | Characterizing an activity for which the individual does not know the reason or motive for the act. Pertaining to the state of an individual who has suffered a loss of consciousness, such as a person in a faint or coma. The region of the mind that is the seat of the id and of repression. | 96 | |
| 6685367778 | Unconscious Motivation | Motivation of which the individual is unaware. For example, the individual may forget and unpleasant appointment, convinced that it was a mere accident. The depth psychologist believes that it is revealing of a wish to forget. | 97 | |
| 6685367779 | Visual Angle | The angle formed by lines from opposite extreme points of an object to the modal point of the eye. | 98 | |
| 6685367780 | Visual Depth Perception | Is the visual ability to perceive the world in three dimensions. It is a trait common to many higher animals. Depth perception allows the beholder to accurately gauge the distance to an object. | 99 |
