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| 736204630 | Phrenology | theory that claimed bumps on the c=skull could reveal our mental abilities and our character traits | 1 | |
| 736204631 | Action Potential | a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon. (Potential for a neuron to fire again) | 2 | |
| 736204632 | Sensory Neurons | carry messages from the body's tissues and sensory organs inward to the brain and spinal chord for processing. (Body to brain) | 3 | |
| 736204633 | Motor neurons | Carry outgoing information from brain to spinal cord to the muscles and glands (brain to body) | 4 | |
| 736204634 | Interneurons | information is processed by these in the brain between sensory and motor inputs/outputs | 5 | |
| 736204635 | Dendrite Fibers | receive information and conduct it toward the cell body. | 6 | |
| 736204636 | Myelin Sheath | Insulates the axons of some neurons and helps speed their impulses. | 7 | |
| 736204637 | Neurontransmitters | chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons. They are like the grappling hooks thrown to scale a building. | 8 | |
| 736204638 | Acetycholine | neurotransmitters that function in motor movement and muscle control; plays a role in memory/learning. Lack of it can lead to Alzheimer's | 9 | |
| 736204639 | Dopamine | Functions in motor control and mental alertness (emotions) | 10 | |
| 736204640 | Serotonin | Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal. Lack of this leads to depression. | 11 | |
| 736204641 | Norepinephrine | Helps control alertness and arousal. Also link to depression. | 12 | |
| 736204642 | GABA | A major inhibitory neurotransmitters. Lack of is linked to seizures and insomnia. | 13 | |
| 736204643 | Glutamate | Major excitatory neurotransmitter. Involved in memory, oversupply results in headaches. | 14 | |
| 736204644 | Endorphins | Functions in pain control; involved in serious addictions. (Released in physical activities such as running, biking, soccer, etc.) | 15 | |
| 737035351 | Agonist | Similar enough to neurotransmitters to mimic effects. | 16 | |
| 737035352 | Antagonist | blocks a neurotransmitter's functions. | 17 | |
| 737035353 | Sensory neurons | Neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord. Ex. your nerves in your fingers tell you when you touch a hot stove. | 18 | |
| 737035354 | Motor Neruons | Neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands. Ex. your brain telling you to type. | 19 | |
| 737035355 | Interneurons | Neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between sensory and motor neurons. Almost as a mediator. | 20 | |
| 737035356 | Somatic Nervous System | Division of the peripheral nervous system controls the body's skeletal muscles. | 21 | |
| 737035357 | Autonomic Nervous System | Division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs and the muscles of the internal organs (heart). Automatic control of body like a heartbeat or breathing in your sleep. | 22 | |
| 737035358 | Neural Networks | Circuit of neurons making connections. These build when you learn something. They bond together and fire together. | 23 | |
| 737035359 | Lesion | Tissue destruction. Done to remove tumors. | 24 | |
| 737035360 | EEG | An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweeps across the brain surfaces. These waves are measured by electrodes placed on the scalp. | 25 | |
| 737035361 | CAT Scan | Allows composite of numerous "single x-ray" images. Displays structures but not activity, and exposes body to bad radiation. | 26 | |
| 737035362 | PET Scan | can see "activity" in the brain. Displays glucose levels like a weather map. | 27 | |
| 737035363 | MRI | uses magnetic fields to measure/display information of the brain (structure not functions) Better detailed than CAT scan, often with color. | 28 | |
| 737035364 | Medulla | The base of the brainstem, controls heartbeat and breathing. | 29 | |
| 737035365 | Reticular Formation | A nerve network in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal (keeping us conscious). | 30 | |
| 737035366 | Thalamus | The brains sensory switchboard, located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellu, and medulla. Receives sensory info, directs it to appropriate ares of the brian. | 31 | |
| 740669930 | Cerebellum | the "little brain" at the rear of the brainstem; functions: coordination of movement output and balance. | 32 | |
| 740669933 | Limbic System | Neural system of amygdala and hypothalamus. Located between the cerebral hemispheres, associated with emotions and drives. | 33 | |
| 740669935 | Hypothalamus | A neural structure below the thalamus; governs endocrine system (hunger and thirst influences sexual arousals and biorhythms) | 34 | |
| 740669937 | Cerebral Cortex | Ultimate control and information processing center. (Gray wrinkled mass). | 35 | |
| 740669939 | Glial Cells | Provide nutrients for neurons | 36 | |
| 740669941 | Sensory Cortex | Area at the front of the parietal lobes that registers and processes body and movement sensations. | 37 | |
| 740669943 | Association Areas | Involved in higher mental functions rather than motor or sensory. | 38 | |
| 740669945 | Aphasia | Impairment of language, usually caused by left hemishpere damage to Broca's or Wernicke's area. | 39 | |
| 740669947 | Plasticity | Brain's ability to reorganize itself by building new pathways based on experience after damage. | 40 | |
| 740669949 | Corpus Callosum | Band of neural fibers that connect two hemispheres and relays messages. | 41 | |
| 740669951 | Endocrine system | "Slow" chemical communication system, secretes hormones into bloodstream. | 42 | |
| 740669952 | Hormones | chemical messangers manufactured by endocrine gland. | 43 | |
| 740669954 | Adrenal Glands | sit above kidneys, secret hormons that arouse body during stress. | 44 | |
| 740669956 | Pituitary Gland | Regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands. | 45 |
