Terms : Hide Images
| 43676372 | sensation | the process by which our sensory receptors and nervious system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment | |
| 43676373 | perception | the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events | |
| 43676374 | bottom-up processing | analysis the begins with the sense receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information | |
| 43676375 | top-down processing | information processing guided by higher-level mental process, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations | |
| 43676376 | psychophysics | the study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity, and our psychological experience on them | |
| 43676377 | absolute threshold | the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time | |
| 43676378 | signal detection theory | a theory predicting how and when we predict the presence of a faint stimulus aid background stimulation assumes that their is no single absolute threshold and that detection depends partly on a person's experience, expectations | |
| 43676379 | subliminal | below one's bsolute threshold for consious awereness | |
| 43676380 | sensory adaptation | diminish sensitivity as a consequence of a constant stimulation | |
| 43676381 | transduction | covergent of one form of energy into another | |
| 43676382 | wavelength | the distance from the peak of one light or sound wave to the peak of the next. | |
| 43676383 | hue | the dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light | |
| 43676384 | intensity | the amount of energy in a light or sound wave which we perceive as brightness or loudness | |
| 43676385 | pupil | the adjustible opening of the center of the eye in which light enters | |
| 43676386 | iris | a ring of muscle tissue that forms the color portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the sizes of the pupil opening | |
| 43676387 | lens | the transperent structures behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina | |
| 43676388 | accommodation | the process by which the eyes lens change shape to focus near or far objects on the retina | |
| 43676389 | retina | the light sensitive inner surface of the eye | |
| 43676390 | acuity | the sharpness of vision | |
| 43676391 | nearsightedness | a condition in which near by objects are seen more clearly than distant objects | |
| 43676392 | farsightedness | a condtions in which far away objects are clearly than near objects | |
| 43676393 | rods | retinal receptors that detect black, white, and grey neccessary for peripheral and twilight vision | |
| 43676394 | cones | receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight in well lit conditions | |
| 43676395 | optic nerve | the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain | |
| 43676396 | blind spot | the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye creating a "blind spot" | |
| 43676397 | fovea | the central focal point in the retina around which the eye's cones cluster | |
| 43676398 | feature detectos | nerve cells in the brain that respond to the specifc features of the stimulis such as shape, angle. or movement | |
| 43676399 | parallel processing | the procesing of several aspects of a problem simultaneously. (more than one thing at a time) | |
| 43676400 | Young-Helmholtz trichomatic theory | the theory that the retina contains 3 different colors receptors such as red, blue, and green | |
| 43676401 | opponent-process theory | the theory that opposing retinal processes enable color vision | |
| 43676402 | color constancy | perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color even if changing illumination alters he wavelenght reflected by the object | |
| 43676403 | audition | the sense of hearing | |
| 43676404 | frequency | the number of complete wavelenght that pass a point in a given time | |
| 43676405 | pitch | a tone's highness or lowness: depends on frequency | |
| 43676406 | place theory | in hearing the theory that links the pitch we hear with the place where the cochlea's membrane is stimulated | |
| 43676407 | frequency theory | in hearing the theory that the rate of nerve impulses travelling of the auditory nerve matches the frequence of a tone | |
| 43676408 | conduction hearing loss | hearing loss caused by damage to the mechanical system that conducts sounds waves cochlea | |
| 43676409 | sensorineural hearing loss | hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea's receptor cells or to the auditory nerves | |
| 43676410 | gate-control theory | the theory that the spinal cord contains a neuralogical "gate" that blocks pain signals or allows then to pass on to the brain | |
| 43676411 | sensory interaction | the principle that one sense may influence another as when the smell of food influence it's taste | |
| 43676412 | kinesthesis | the system for sensing the position and movement of individual body parts | |
| 43676413 | vestibular sense | the sense of body movement and postion including the sense of balance | |
| 43676414 | middle ear | the chamber between the ear drum and cochlea containing 3 tiny bones that concentrate vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea's oval window | |
| 43676415 | inner ear | the innermost part of the ear containing the cochlea semicercular canals and vestibulars sacs | |
| 43676416 | cochlea | a coiled, bony, fluid filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impluses | |
| 43676417 | difference thereshold | the minimum difference beetween two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of time | |
| 43676418 | Weber's law | the principle that to be perceived as different 2 stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage |
