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AP Psychology Cognition & Language Flashcards

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8943189010Cognitionthe mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating0
8943189011Concepta mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people1
8943193294Prototypea mental image or best example of a category2
8943193295Algorithma methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem3
8943196308Heuristica simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgements and solve problems efficiently4
8943256903Insighta sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem5
8943260158Creativitythe ability to produce novel and valuable ideas6
8954185917Sternberg's Five-Expertise -Imaginative thinking skills -A venturesome personality -Intrinsic motivation -A creative environment7
8954206863Confirmation Biasa tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence8
8954224714Fixationthe inability to see a problem from a new perspective, by employing a different mental state9
8954251645Mental Seta tendency to approach a problem in one particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past10
8954302903Functional Fixednessthe tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions11
8954313115Representativeness Heuristicwhen we experience something new we based it off our prototype12
8954350651Availability Heuristicestimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory13
8954353304Overconfidencethe tendency to be more confident than correct--to overestimate the accuracy of one's beliefs and judgments14
8954409582Belief Perseveranceclinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they are formed has been discredited15
8954409583IntuitionGut feeling16
8954412104Framingthe way an issue in posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments17
8954463715Languageour spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to meaning18
8954463716Phonemein language, the smallest distinctive sound unit19
8954467545Morphemein language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or part of a word (such as a prefix)20
8954467546Grammara set of language rules21
8954470397Semanticsthe set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences in a given language; also, the study of meaning22
8954470398Syntaxthe rules for combining words into a grammatically sensible sentences in a given language23
8954474326SkinnerEnvironment24
8954477225ChomskyInborn Universal Grammar25
8954481469Linguistic DeterminismWhorf's hypothesis language determines the way we think26
8954481470Implicit Memoryretention independent of conscious recollection (Percedureral Memory)27

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