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AP Psychology History & Approaches Flashcards

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6407030265empiricismInformation is collected by objective observations and experimentation using the scientific method.0
6407030266structuralismAn early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind.1
6407030267functionalismA school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish.2
6407030268experimental psychologythe study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method3
6407030269behaviorismA theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable behavior4
6407030270humanistic psychologyHistorically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's potential for personal growth5
6407030271cognitive neuroscienceA field that attempts to understand the links between cognitive processes and brain activity.6
6407030272psychologyScientific study of behavior and mental processes7
6407030273nature-nurture issueThe longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors8
6407030274Survival of the Fittest (Natural Selection)Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully9
6407030275biopsychosocial approachAn integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis10
6407030276biological psychologyA branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior11
6407030277evolutionary psychologyA relatively new specialty in psychology that sees behavior and mental processes in terms of their genetic adaptations for survival and reproduction.12
6407030278psychodynamic psychologyA branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders13
6407030279behavioral psychologyThe scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning14
6407030280cognitive psychologyan approach to psychology that emphasizes internal mental processes15
6407030281social-cultural psychologythe study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking16
6407030282psychometricsthe scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits17
6407030283basic researchPure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base.18
6407030284developmental psychologyA branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span19
6407030285educational psychologythe study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning20
6407030286personality psychologythe study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and acting21
6407030287social psychologyThe scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another22
6407030288applied psychologyThe branch of psychology concerned with everyday, practical problems23
6407030289industrial-organizational psychologyapplication of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces.24
6407030290human factors psychologyA branch of psychology that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be made safe and easy to use25
6407030291counseling psychologyA branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being26
6407030292clinical psychologyA branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders27
6407030293psychiatryA branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy. Medical degree M.D.28
6407030294sQ3RA study method incorporating five steps: Survey, Question, Read, Rehearse, Review29

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