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AP Psychology - Module 9 Flashcards

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13890997935Biological psychologistsStudy links between biological and psychological processes.0
13890997936DendriteA neuron's bushy, branching extensions that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body.1
13890997937Cell BodyThe cell's life support center.2
13890997938Nucleuscontains the genetic material of the cell.3
13890997939Axonthe neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons.4
13890997940Axon TerminalsAre the hair like ends that receive the message.5
13890997941Myelin Sheatha layer of fatty tissue layer that the insulates the axons and speeds their impulses.6
13890997942Action potentiala brief electrical charge that travels down an axon.7
13890997943Refractory periodThe resting period after the neuron fires.8
13890997944thresholdThe level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse.9
13890997945All-or-none responsethe neuron's reaction to firing or not firing.10
13890997946SynapseThe gap between the axon tip of sending neuron and the dendrite/cell body of the receiving neuron.11
13890997947Neurotransmitterschemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons.12
13890997948ReuptakeA neurotransmitter's reabsorption by the sending neuron.13
13890997949Acetylcholine (ACh)- Enables muscle action, learning and memory - Lack of it can cause Alzheimer's Disease (ACh neurons deteriorate)14
13890997950Dopamine- Influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion - Oversupply = Schizophrenia - Undersupply = tremors and decreased mobility in Parkinson's disease15
13890997951Serotonin- Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal - Undersupply = Depression - Some antidepressant drugs raise serotonin levels16
13890997952Norepinephrine- Controls alertness and arousal - Undersupply = depress mood17
13890997953Gaba (Gamma-Aminobutryic Acid)- A major inhibitory nuerotransmitter - Undersupply = seizures, tremors, and insomnia18
13890997954Glutamate- A major excitatory neurotransmitter involved in memory - Oversupply = Migraines and seizures19
13890997955Endorphins- In response to pain or rigorous exercise - "Runner's high" or "morphine within" - natural, opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control and/or pleasure.20
13890997956AgonistMimic neurotransmitters21
13890997957AntagonistBlock neurotransmitters22

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