Study cards for Chapter 2 of Psychology by David G Myers
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| 7690336229 | Phrenology | Theory that bumps on the skull reflected our mental abilities and personality traits |  | 0 |
| 7690336230 | Neuron | A nerve cell; the basic building block of all functions of humans |  | 1 |
| 7690336231 | Dendrite | Receives messages from other cells |  | 2 |
| 7690336232 | Axon | Passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands |  | 3 |
| 7690336233 | Myelin Sheath | Covers the axon of some neurons and speeds impulses |  | 4 |
| 7690336234 | Action Potential | A neural impulse that travels down the axon |  | 5 |
| 7690336235 | Threshold | Stimulation required to trigger an impulse | 6 | |
| 7690336236 | Synapse | Space between the axon tip and the dendrite |  | 7 |
| 7690336237 | Neurotransmitters | Chemical messengers that travel between synaptic gaps |  | 8 |
| 7690336238 | Acetylcholine | Muscle action, learning, and memory | 9 | |
| 7690336239 | Dopamine | Movement, learning, attention, and emotion | 10 | |
| 7690336240 | Serotonin | Mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal | 11 | |
| 7690336241 | Norepinephrine | Alertness and arousal |  | 12 |
| 7690336242 | Endorphins | Opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and pleasure |  | 13 |
| 7690336243 | Central Nervous System | Brain and spinal cord |  | 14 |
| 7690336244 | Peripheral Nervous System | Sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body |  | 15 |
| 7690336245 | Sensory Neurons | Carry incoming information from the sense receptors to the CNS |  | 16 |
| 7690336246 | Interneurons | CNS neurons that communicate between sensory and motor neurons | 17 | |
| 7690336247 | Motor Neurons | Carry outgoing information from the CNS to the muscles and glands | | 18 |
| 7690336248 | Somatic Nervous System | Controls the body's skeletal muscles |  | 19 |
| 7690336249 | Autonomic Nervous System | Controls the glands and muscles of the internal organs | 20 | |
| 7690336250 | Sympathetic Nervous System | Arouses the body in stressful situations |  | 21 |
| 7690336251 | Parasympathetic Nervous System | Calms the body to conserve energy |  | 22 |
| 7690336252 | Reflex | Simple inborn response to a sensory stimulus |  | 23 |
| 7690336253 | Neural Networks | Interconnected neural cells |  | 24 |
| 7690336254 | EEG | Amplified recording of electrical brain waves |  | 25 |
| 7690336255 | CT | Series of X-ray photographs |  | 26 |
| 7690336256 | PET | Visual display of brain activity that monitors glucose |  | 27 |
| 7690336257 | MRI | Uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images |  | 28 |
| 7690336258 | Brainstem | Controls automatic survival functions |  | 29 |
| 7690336259 | Medulla Oblangata | Controls heartbeat and breathing |  | 30 |
| 7690336260 | Reticular Formation | Controls arousal |  | 31 |
| 7690336261 | Thalamus | Directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla |  | 32 |
| 7690336262 | Cerebellum | Coordinates voluntary movement and balance |  | 33 |
| 7690336263 | Limbic System | Associated with emotions and drives for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus. |  | 34 |
| 7690336264 | Amygdala | Linked to emotion |  | 35 |
| 7690336265 | Hypothalamus | Directs several basic maintenance functions and governs the endocrine system via the pituitary |  | 36 |
| 7690336266 | Cerebral Cortex | Ultimate control center; includes 8 lobes of the brain. |  | 37 |
| 7690336267 | Glial Cells | Support, nourish, and protect neurons |  | 38 |
| 7690336268 | Frontal Lobe | Involved in speaking, muscle movements, and making plans and judgements |  | 39 |
| 7690336269 | Parietal Lobe | Includes the sensory cortex |  | 40 |
| 7690336270 | Occipital Lobe | Includes visual areas |  | 41 |
| 7690336271 | Temporal Lobe | Includes auditory areas |  | 42 |
| 7690336272 | Motor Cortex | Area at frontal lobe that controls voluntary movements |  | 43 |
| 7690336273 | Sensory Cortex | Area at parietal lobe that registers and processes sensations |  | 44 |
| 7690336274 | Association Areas | Areas not involved with motor or sensory functions that are involved with higher mental functions |  | 45 |
| 7690336275 | Aphasia | Impairment of language |  | 46 |
| 7690336276 | Broca's Area | Controls language expression through directing muscle movements involved in speech |  | 47 |
| 7690336277 | Wernicke's Area | Involved in language comprehension and expression |  | 48 |
| 7690336278 | Corpus Callosum | Neural fibers connecting the two hemispheres |  | 49 |
