Advanced Placement Psychology
Enterprise High School, Redding, CA
All terms from Myers Psychology for AP (BFW Worth, 2011)
Terms : Hide Images
| 10307483128 | Social Psychology | scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. |  | 0 |
| 10307483129 | Attribution Theory | theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either the situation or their personality. |  | 1 |
| 10307483130 | Fundamental Attribution Error | the tendency, when watching others, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of dispositional traits. |  | 2 |
| 10307483131 | Attitude | feelings, often influenced by our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events. |  | 3 |
| 10307483132 | Central Route Persuasion | attitude change path in which interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts. |  | 4 |
| 10307483133 | Peripheral Route Persuasion | attitude change path in which people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker's attractiveness. |  | 5 |
| 10307483134 | Foot-in-the-Door Phenomenon | the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request. |  | 6 |
| 10307483135 | Role | a set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave. |  | 7 |
| 10307483136 | Cognitive Dissonance Theory | the theory that we act to reduce the tension we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) or a thought and action are inconsistent. |  | 8 |
| 10307483137 | Conformity | adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard. |  | 9 |
| 10307483138 | Normative Social Influence | influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval. |  | 10 |
| 10307483139 | Informational Social Influence | influence resulting from one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality. |  | 11 |
| 10307483140 | Social Facilitation | stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others. |  | 12 |
| 10307483141 | Social Loafing | the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable. |  | 13 |
| 10307483142 | Deindividuation | the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity. |  | 14 |
| 10307483143 | Group Polarization | the enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group. |  | 15 |
| 10307483144 | Groupthink | the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives. |  | 16 |
| 10307483145 | Culture | the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next |  | 17 |
| 10307483146 | Norm | an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior. They prescribe "proper" behavior. |  | 18 |
| 10307483147 | Personal Space | the buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies. |  | 19 |
| 10307483148 | Prejudice | an unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members. It generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action. |  | 20 |
| 10307483149 | Stereotype | a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people. |  | 21 |
| 10307483150 | Discrimination | (Social) unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members. |  | 22 |
| 10307483151 | Ingroup | "Us"—people with whom we share a common identity. |  | 23 |
| 10307483152 | Outgroup | "Them"—those perceived as different or apart from our ingroup. |  | 24 |
| 10307483153 | Ingroup Bias | the tendency to favor our own group. |  | 25 |
| 10307483154 | Scapegoat Theory | the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame. |  | 26 |
| 10307483155 | Other-Race Effect | the tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races. Also called the cross-race effect and the own-race bias |  | 27 |
| 10307483156 | Just-World Phenomenon | the tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get. |  | 28 |
| 10307483157 | Aggression | physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone. |  | 29 |
| 10307483158 | Frustration-Aggression Principle | the principle that frustration—the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal—creates anger, which can generate aggression. |  | 30 |
| 10307483159 | Mere Exposure Effect | the phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them. |  | 31 |
| 10307483160 | Passionate Love | an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship. |  | 32 |
| 10307483161 | Companionate Love | the deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined. |  | 33 |
| 10307483162 | Equity | a condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it. |  | 34 |
| 10307483163 | Self-Disclosure | revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others. |  | 35 |
| 10307483164 | Altruism | unselfish regard for the welfare of others. |  | 36 |
| 10307483165 | Bystander Effect | the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present. |  | 37 |
| 10307483166 | Social Exchange Theory | the theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs. |  | 38 |
| 10307483167 | Reciprocity Norm | an expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them. |  | 39 |
| 10307483168 | Social-Responsibility Norm | an expectation that people will help those dependent upon them. |  | 40 |
| 10307483169 | Conflict | a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas. |  | 41 |
| 10307483170 | Social Trap | a situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior. |  | 42 |
| 10307483171 | Mirror-Image Perceptions | mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side as evil and aggressive. |  | 43 |
| 10307483172 | Self Fulfilling Prophecy | a belief that leads to its own fulfillment |  | 44 |
| 10307483173 | Superordinate Goals | shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation. |  | 45 |
| 10307483174 | Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension Reduction (GRIT) | strategy designed to decrease international tensions. |  | 46 |
| 10307483175 | Diffusion of Responsibility | reduction in feelings of personal burden in the presence of others |  | 47 |
| 10307483176 | Ethnocentricism | evaluation of other cultures according to the standards/customs of one's own culture. Thinking your culture is best. |  | 48 |
| 10307483177 | Compliance | Conforming to a request or demand |  | 49 |
| 10307483178 | Philip Zimbardo | Conducted the Stanford Prison Experiment |  | 50 |
| 10307483179 | Fritz Heider | Founder of attribution theory |  | 51 |
| 10307483180 | Dispositional Attribution | Explanation of individual behavior as a result of personality traits |  | 52 |
| 10307483181 | Situational Attribution | Explanation of individual behavior as a result of environmental factors |  | 53 |
| 10307483182 | Pygmalion Effect (Rosenthal Effect) | the phenomenon whereby higher expectations lead to an increase in performance |  | 54 |
| 10307483183 | Golem Effect | psychological phenomenon in which lower expectations placed upon individuals either by supervisors or the individual themselves lead to poorer performance by the individual |  | 55 |
| 10307483184 | False Consensus Effect | tendency to overestimate the extent to which other people share most of our opinions, attitudes, and behavior | | 56 |
| 10307483185 | Schacter-Singer Two-Factor Theory of Emotion | physical arousal paired with a cognitive label-i.e., my heart is beating, my palms are sweating-it must be love! |  | 57 |
| 10307483186 | Catharsis Hypothesis | Incorrect belief that if you feel aggressive and then act out by hitting a bag or playing a violent video game, you will feel less angry. |  | 58 |
| 10307483187 | Door-In-The-Face Phenomenon | Large request followed by a smaller request. |  | 59 |
