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AP Psychology - States of Consciousness Flashcards

Myers Psychology for AP 1e
Chapter 5: States of Consciousness

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5387775616consciousnessOur awareness of ourselves and our environment.0
5387775617circadian rhythmregular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle.1
5387775618REM sleepthe sleep stage in which the brain and eyes are active, the muscles are relaxed and vivid dreaming occurs. Also known as paradoxical sleep.2
5387775619alpha wavesThe relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state.3
5387775620sleepnatural, periodic loss of consciousness, on which the body and mind depend for healthy functioning4
5387775621hallucinationsFalse sensory experiences that occur without any sensory stimulus5
5387775622delta wavesThe large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep.6
5387775624insomniaa person regularly has difficulty in falling or staying asleep7
5387775625narcolepsyA sleep disorder in which the victim suffers sudden, uncontrollable sleep attacks. often characterized by entry directly into REM sleep8
5387775626sleep apneaA sleep disorder in which the person ceases breathing while asleep, and repeats this cycle throughout the night9
5387775627night terrorsa person experiences episodes of high arousal with apparent terror. Usually occur during stage four10
5387775628dreamssequences of images, emotions, and thoughts the most vivid of which occur during REM sleep11
5387775629manifest contentAccording to Freud, the story line of a dream12
5387775630latent contentAccording to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream13
5387775631REM reboundThe tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation14
5387775632hypnosisA social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur.15
5387775634dissociationA split between different levels of consciousness, allowing a person to divide attention between two or more thoughts or behaviors16
5387775635psychoactive drugA chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods. They work by affecting or mimicking the activity of neurotransmitters17
5387775636toleranceThe diminishing of a psycoactive drug's effect that occurs with repeated use, requiring progressively larger doses to produce the same effect18
5387775637withdrawalThe discomfort and distress that follow discontinued use of an addictive drugs19
5387775638physical dependenceA physiological need for a drug that is indicated by the presence of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is not taken20
5387775639psychological dependenceA psychological need to use a drug21
5387775640addictionCompulsive craving for a drug despite adverse consequences and withdrawal symptoms22
5387775641depressantspsychoactive drugs such as alcohol, opiates, and barbiturates, that reduce neural activity and slow body functions23
5387775644stimulantspsychoactive drugs such as caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, and cocaine that excite neural activity and speed up body functions.24
5387775645amphetaminesa type of stimulant and as such, speed up body functions and neural activity25
5387775648hallucinogensPsychedelic drugs, such as LSD and marijuana, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.26
5387775650near-death experienceAn altered state of consciousness that has been reported by some people who have had a close brush with death27
5387803526selective attentionThe focus of attention on one particular stimulus or task at the exclusion of other stimuli.28
5387803527Dual processingthe principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks.29
6015345944Opiatespsychoactive drugs that are chemically similar to morphine and have strong pain-relieving properties.30
6015345945Barbituatesdrugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but imparing memory and judgement31
6015348088Methamphetaminea powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels32

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