Thinking Problem Solving Creativity and Language
Terms : Hide Images
| 13031993536 | cognition | all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. |  | 0 |
| 13031993537 | Concept | a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people |  | 1 |
| 13031993538 | Prototype | a standard or typical example (Is that a computer screen that BENDS?!) |  | 2 |
| 13031993539 | algorithm | a precise rule (or set of rules) specifying how to solve some problem |  | 3 |
| 13031993540 | Heuristic | a commonsense rule (or set of rules) intended to increase the probability of solving some problem |  | 4 |
| 13031993541 | Insight | a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem; it contrasts with strategy-based solutions |  | 5 |
| 13031993542 | Creativity | the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas |  | 6 |
| 13031993543 | Confirmation bias | a tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions |  | 7 |
| 13031993544 | fixation | the inability to see a problem from a new perspective, by employing a different mental set |  | 8 |
| 13031993545 | Mental Set | a tendency to approach a problem in a particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past |  | 9 |
| 13031993546 | Functional fixedness | the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving (Is a shoe just a shoe?) |  | 10 |
| 13031993547 | Representative heuristic | judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead one to ignore other relevent information |  | 11 |
| 13031993548 | Availability heuristic | estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to mind, we presume such events are common |  | 12 |
| 13031993549 | Overconfidence | total certainty or greater certainty than circumstances warrant |  | 13 |
| 13031993550 | Belief Perseverance | clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited |  | 14 |
| 13031993551 | Intuition | instinctive knowing (without the use of rational processes) |  | 15 |
| 13031993552 | Framing | the way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments. |  | 16 |
| 13031993553 | Language | our spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning |  | 17 |
| 13031993554 | Phoneme | in language, the smallest distinctive sound unit |  | 18 |
| 13031993555 | Morpheme | in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part of a word (such as a prefix) |  | 19 |
| 13031993556 | Grammar | studies of the formation of basic linguistic units |  | 20 |
| 13031993557 | Semantics | the study of language meaning |  | 21 |
| 13031993558 | Syntax | the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences |  | 22 |
| 13031993559 | Babbling Stage | beginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household lanuage. |  | 23 |
| 13031993560 | One-word Stage | the stage in speech development, from about age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words |  | 24 |
| 13031993561 | Two-word stage | beginning about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly two-word statements | | 25 |
| 13031993562 | Telegraphic speech | early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram--'go car'--using mostly nouns and verbs and omitting 'auxiliary' words |  | 26 |
| 13031993563 | Linguistic determinism | Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think |  | 27 |
| 13031993564 | Noam Chomsky | United States linguist whose theory of generative grammar redefined the field of linguistics (born 1928) |  | 28 |
| 13031993565 | B.F Skinner | pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that language development is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments |  | 29 |
| 13031993566 | Benjamin Whorf | Concept of "liguistic determinism" or how language impacts thought |  | 30 |
